不定代词作主语的主语一致归纳.docVIP

不定代词作主语的主语一致归纳1. 单数型：someone, anyone, no one, everyone, something, nothing等复合不定代词作主语，谓语用单数；either, neither, each, little, much 等不定代词作主语时，谓语也用单数。如：Nothing is yet certain. 一切都还没有肯定。Neither was satisfactory. 两者都不使人满意。No one goes to the school during the vacation. 假期时没人到学校去。2. both, few, several, many作主语：此时谓语要用复数。如：Few of them are any good. 它们没有几个有用。Many have given their lives in the cause of truth. 为了真理许多人献出了生命。3. all 作主语：若指人，谓语用复数；若指事物或现象，谓语通常用单数。如：All are equal before the law. 法律面前，人人平等。All is well that ends well. 结局好一切都好。注：若all 后修饰有其他名词或接有“of+名词”，则其谓语与其中名词的数保持一致。All (of) the money is mine. 所有这些钱都是我的。All (of) his friends are poor. 他所有的朋友都很穷。4. none (of) 作主语：若指不可数名词，谓语用单数；若指复数可数名词，谓语可用单数(较正式)或复数(非正式)。如：None of the rooms are ready. 房间一个也没准备好。None of this milk can be used. 这牛奶一点都不能用了。None of the telephones is are working. 没有一部电话中是好的。5. the rest 作主语：指不可数名词时谓语用单数，指可数名词时谓语用复数。如：The rest of the money is yours. 剩余的钱归你。The rest are arriving later. 其他人稍候就到。Such as 的用法一、表示举例意为“例如，诸如此类的，像那样的”，相当于like或for example。如：There are few poets such as Keats and Shelly. 像济慈和雪莱这样的诗人现在很少了。Adverbs are used to modify verbs, such as “quickly” in “she ran fast”. 副词用来修饰动词，例如“她跑得快”中的“快”。Animals such as rabbits and deer continue to be active all winter，finding food wherever they can . 像兔和鹿这样的动物整个冬天都是很活跃的，它们到处寻找食物。用于此义时的几点说明。如：(1) 这类结构既可表现为“名词+such as+例子”，也可表现为“such+名词+as+例子”。如：I enjoy songs such as this one.= I enjoy such songs as this one. 我喜欢像这首歌一样的歌。(2) 若后接动词，通常用动名词，有时也可用动词原形。如：Dont do anything silly such as marry him. 不要做什么蠢事，比如说去嫁给他。Magicians often perform tricks such as pulling a rabbit out of a hat. 魔术师常常变从帽子里抓出兔子的戏法。(3) 不要按汉语意思将such as用作such like。(4) 其后不可列出前面所提过的所有东西。如：正：I know four languages, such as Japanese and English. 我懂四种语言，如日语、英语。误：I know four languages, such as Chinese, French, Japanese and English. 我懂四种语言，如汉语、法语、日语和英语。(5) 在现代英语中，such as可与etc. 连用。如：They planted many flowers, such as roses, sunflowers，etc. 他们种了许多种花，如玫瑰花、向日葵等。They export a 1ot of fruits，such as oranges，lemons，etc. 他们出口许多水果，如桔子、柠檬等。二、表示“像这样的”其中的 as 用作关系代词，引导定语从句，as 在定语从句中用作主语或宾语。此外，不要按汉语意思把该结构中的 as 换成like。如：He is not such a fool as he looks. 他并不像他看起来那么傻。Such men as he (is) are rare now. 现在像他这样的人很少了。三、表示“凡是的人(或事物)”、“所有的人(事物)”其意相当于 everything that, all those, those that (who)等。其中的 such 为先行词，as 为关系代词。如：Take such (things) as you need. 你需要什么就拿什么。You may choose such as you prefer. 你可挑选自己想要的东西。Such (people) as have knowledge and skill will not want to work. 有知识和技能的人不愁没有工作。四、用作关系代词有时 such as 整个儿用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句。如：We had hoped to give you a chance such as nobody else ever had. 我们本来希望给你一个别人从未有过的机会。Then I left it，feeling a weight at my heart such as I had never had before. 然后我离开那里，心头感到一种前所未有的沉重心情。五、用于 suchas to do sth表示结果，其中的such为限定语，as to do sth 表示结果。如：It was such a loud noise as to wake everybody in the house. 声音很大，屋里的所有人都被吵醒了。You shouldnt put such high prices as to frighten your customers off. 你不应该要价这么高，以致把顾客都吓跑了。六、用于such as to do sth表示程度或结果。其中的such是代词，as to do sth引出的结构作程度状语或结果状语。如：Her illness was not such as to cause anxiety. 她的病不是很重，不必担心。The pain in her foot wasnt such as to stop her walking. 她脚疼，但还不至于不能行走。 七、用于such as it is构成习语，表示让步，意思是“尽管不怎么好”“尽管不一定正确”“尽管没什么价值或重要性”。如：The food, such as it is, is plentiful. 食物不是很好，但量很多。(from )You may use my bike, such as it is. 尽管我的自行车不好，你可以将就着用吧。Youre welcome to join us for supper, such as it iswere only having soup and bread. 欢迎你和我们一起吃晚饭，只是没什么好吃的只有汤和面包。Its time后后的从句用虚拟语气It s time 后的从句用虚拟语气一、基本用法从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”(较少见，且should不能省略)，其意为“(早)该干某事了”：Its time we ordered dinner. 现在该叫菜了。I think Its time you went to bed. 我想你该睡觉了。Its time we went were going, should go. 我们该走了。Its time you washed those trousers. 你该洗洗那条裤子了。Im getting tired. Its time we went home. 我累了，我们该回家了。I think its time they were taught a lesson. 我想现在该给他们一点教训了。Its time someone spoke up for the less privileged in our society. 应该有人为我们社会中较不幸的人说说话了。Its time you looked ahead and made plans for your retirement. 是你为以后想一想并对退休后的生活做出安排的时候了。二、同义表达该是孩子们上床的时间了。Its time the kids were in bed. =Its time for the kids to be in bed.三、两点说明 (1) time前有时有about和high修饰：Its high time we left. 我们早该动身了。Its high time you bought a new car. 你该买辆新车了。I think its high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定主意了。Its high time they began to take you seriously. 现在他们应该开始认真对待你了。 (2) 与其他的虚拟结构不同，该结构不能在该用 was 时而用 were：Its time I was in bed. 我该上床睡了。(不用were)must表示推测结构种种请看题，答案应该选哪个：Where is my pen? I _ it. A. might lose B. need have lost C. must lose D. must have lost【分析】此题应选D。既然现在找不到钢笔，说明丢失钢笔应该发生在过去，所以这里应该要“情态动词+动词的完成式”来表示推测，从而排队A，C。而选项B也不妥当，因为作为情态动词的need通常只用于否定句或疑问句，而不用于肯定句。must 表示推测注意以下用法：1. 对现在情况的推测，后接动词原形(多为状态动词)：He must be wrong. 他一定是错了。He must have a lot of money. 他一定有很多钱。She must know the man. 她一定认识这个人。He must be from the south. 他一定是从南方来的。表示动作正在进行，则后接动词的进行式：Mr Smith must be waiting for us. 史密斯先生一定在等我们。She must be worrying about our safety. 他一定在为我们的安全担心。2. 表示对已经发生的事情作推测，其后接动词的完成