广东高考英语定语从句讲解及练习.docVIP

高三英语定语从句复习1.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用的表示a clever boy The boiling water Fallen leaves The man who you are looking for2.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句。Do you know the man who came to see Xiao Yang this morning? 3.先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词4.关系词 引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：_ _ _ _ _ 关系副词：_ _ _一关系代词引导的定语从句练习1：合并下列句子，判断关系词句子中充当的成分1. He is the man . I told you about him.2 These are some trees. They were planted last year.3. This recorder is made in Japan. He is using it.4 Wang Lin is our monitor. She is 16 years old.5 This is the girl. Her parents are doctors.6. This is the book .Its cover is blue.归纳 that 指人/物，作_ 或 _. which 指物，作_或 _who指人,作_ whose 在定语从句中作_，表示引导词，与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。 whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which互换使用。练习2 用适当的关系代词填空。1. He is the model worker _we should learn from.2. A dictionary is a book_ often helps us to know the meanings of the words.3. The boy _father is a professor is one of my best friends.4. The house _roof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt5.I have a friend _ likes listening to the classical music.6.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.7.The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a good football player.特别提醒（一）只用that，不用which的情况： . 1.先行词被all, very, any, much, little, few, no等修饰时2.序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时；3.先行词前有the only, the very, the same, the right等修饰时；4.all, little, much, few, none, everything, nothing, something, anything 等不定代词作先行词；5.先行词既有人也有物6.主句以which, who, what开头的疑问句（二）先行词是one，ones，those, anyone, he时，关系词只用whoThose _ want to go to the Great Wall will sign up here.（三）只用which，不用that1、非限制性定语从句I have lost the pen, _ I like very much.2、用在介词后例如：有机器的房间是车间。The room _ there is a machine is a workshop.The room _ there is a machine in is a workshop.(四)“介词+关系代词”型定语从句考点1.关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。This is the book _ which I paid 5 yuan.The man to _ you nodded is one of my fathers partners. 二关系副词引导的定语从句1.When 表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词（如time, day,hour,year等）Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?2.Where 表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词（如place, room, house,street, area等）This is the place where my mother was born.3.Why 表示原因，常用在先行词reason的后面。I dont know the reason why she looks unhappy today.关系副词都等于一个适当的 介词which，在从句中作状语When=in/at/on/+which;Where=in/at/on/+which;Why=for /+which比较：1. I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing. 先行词 “the day” 在从句中做_, 表示时间: I first came to Beijing _ _ _. (所以用关系副词_。)比较：I still remember the day ( _ ) we spend together. 先行词 “ the day” 在从句中做spend_： We spend _ _ together. （所以在该句中用关系代词 _，并且可省略）2. This is the place _ we worked last year. 先行词 “the place”在从句中做_，表示地点： We worked _ _ _ last year. ( 所以用关系副词_。) 比较：This is the place (_) we visited last year. 先行词 “the place”在从句中做visited的_： We visited _ _ last year.( 所以用关系代词_,并且可省略。)u 选择适当的关系词完成句子1.October 1,1949 was the day _the Peoples Republic of China was founded.2.October 1, 1949 was the day_ he will never forget. 3. This is the house _I was born.4. This is the house_ windows are very clean.5.This is the house _I love very much.6.This is the house _is very beautiful.7.This is the reason _he was late.8.This is the reason _ he gave us.三. 非限制性定语从句：即用逗号与主句或先行词分开，用于补充说明。(1) which: 用于指代先行词（物），或整个主句，不能省略。 (2) who / whom: 用于指代先行词（人），不能省略。(3) all / some of + which / whom: 用于指代先行词的部分。e.g. 1.Last week I met John, _ seemed to be very excited.2. 注意：在非限制性定从中，不能用that。1). I like the book, _ was bought yesterday. 我喜欢这本书，这是昨天买的。 2.) I like the book _ was bought yesterday. 我喜欢昨天买的那本书。 3. .Which可指前面整个句子。The sun sends out light and heat, which makes it possible for living things to exist on the earth.His father is an engineer, _ makes him very proud. for what . which . that . what四 AS引导的定语从句（一）、限制性定语从句中1先行词有the same或such引导或先行词为the same或such时，例如：It is the same situation _ 10 years ago when I left.Such people _ you describe are rare nowadays.2在so as或asas结构中，先行词前的定语被so或as修饰时，例如：She is not so happy a man _ you think.I have never seen as beautiful flowers _ you have.先行词前有the same 修饰，表示和先行词是同一物时;如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用the sameas.如：1. This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹。2. This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.这个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样。（二）、非限制性定语从句中先行词为整个句子，可用as或引which导，常用逗号分开，可置于句首、句中或句末，但在句首或句中间时只能用as来引导，例如：1.David, _ you all know, is a great painter. （定语从句插在中间）2._ is known to us all, we should be equal before laws. （定语从句插在中间）3.China is a large country, _ is known to us all. （定语从句插在中间）as的这种用法常见于以下这些结构:as we can see, as can be seen, as we know, as is（well） known, as may be imagined, as often happens, as has been said before, as was mentioned above, as is often the case, a s/indeed it is 而which不可。五、定语从句的主谓一致 （一）一般来讲，定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。例如： 1I am not one who is afraid of difficulty我是个不怕困难的人。 2Dont choose me，who am not qualified for this job不要选我，我不适合做这项工作。 3Anyone who has questions to ask， please come to my office this afternoon有问题要问的人，今天下午到我办公室来。 whothatwhich （二） one of+复数名词+ + 谓语（复数）the only one of+复数名词+ + 谓语（单数） 如：1. That is one of the most valuable dictionaries that _ (have) appeared in recent years那本词典是近几年来所见到的最有价值的词典之一。 2. He is the only one of those workers who _ (be) able to do this job他是那些工人中唯一能做此工作的人。六定语从句中，当先行词为situation,point,position,state,stage,case时用where引导从句1. We will discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.2. After graduation she reached a point in her career _ she needed to decide what to do高三英语定语从句练习I填关系词:1. This is the very thing _ I am after.2. We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school.3. Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth？4. He often speaks the role he played in the play, _ made others upset 5. Anyone _ has the money can join the group.6. He opened the door, in front of _ sat a boy.7. The man to _ I spoke is a famous scientist.8. The boy _ parents were dead was brought up by his uncle.9.I dont like the way _ you speak to your parents.II 对比练习:1. (1) This is the house _ I once lived. (2) This is the house _ I once visited. A. that B. when C. where D. there2. (1) I wont forget the days _ we studied in the college. (2) I wont forget the days _ we spent together. A. which B. when C. who D. on which3. (1) Taiwan is part of China, _ is known to all. (2) _ is known to all, Taiwan is part of China.A. that B. which C. As D. Which4. (1) The reason _ he explained to me is unreasonable. (2)He couldnt give the teacher a good reason _ he was late for school. A. why B. for that C. which D. whose5. (1) He has three daughters, all of _ are doctors. (2)He has three daughters, and all of _ are doctors. A. who B. whom C. that D. them6. (1) He still lives in the room _ window faces to the east. (2) He still lives in the room, the window _ faces to the east. (3)He still lives in the room _ is in the north of the city. (4)He still lives in the room _ there is a beautiful table. A. which B. whose C. where D. of which7. (1) He is such a good teacher_ we all like him. (2) He is such a good teacher_ we all like. A. whom B. that C. as D. which IV. 合并句子:1. Beijing has a long history. Beijing is the capital of China._2. I remembered the soldier. He told me not to tell anyone what I had seen._3. Xian is one of the few cities with city walls. Its walls remain as good as before._4. The college is a famous one. He studied in the college for four years._5. He said that he had never seen her before. It was not true._V. 选词填空：（选用关系代词who, whom, that, which, whose, as关系副词when, where, why 填空）Mrs. White is a good lady. (1)_ is known to everyone, she is very kind and helpful to her neighbors. A few days ago, she heard her new neighbors ，(2)_ name she forgot， would come and move into his new house, (3)_ is only 20 meters away from hers, but she had never seen him. One day when she came back home, she saw a man (4)_ was wearing a brown hat carrying a ladder on his shoulder. The man put the ladder against the window (5)_ faces north. Mrs. White said to herself, “Thief, it is a thief.” She rang up the police immediately and soon two policemen appeared in front of the house (6)_ the thief wanted to steal things. When the man was told to hand in everything (7)_ he had stolen，the man shrugged his shoulders and made a face, (8)_ made the policemen and Mrs. White angry. The man looked surprised. It was then (9)_ the man understood the reason (10)_ the policemen came. The man said with a smile, “I cant find my key. But its my new house.” VI 高考链接1.While she was getting me settled into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometers away 36 there was a garage. (07广东高考语法填空)2. All of a sudden, her handicap was gone and all I saw was this beautiful girl, 35 smile just melted me and almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. (08深圳调研语法填空)3.He filled