肖克考研正确答案错误答案二十大特点.docVIP

正确答案的特征-同义改写的手段1 同义词替换2 词性的转化3 正话反说，反话正说4 具体与抽象转化5 从句与简单句的转化6 主动与被动的转化7 虚拟和真实的转化8 名词性短语和名词性从句的转化9 比较级之间转化10 动作和状态的转化（2）错误答案的命题特点：1. 张冠李戴2. 过于绝对3. 断章取义4. 推理过度5. 偷换概念，小动作6. 字面意思，肤浅直白7. 因果颠倒，逻辑混乱8. 扩大范围9. 无据比较10. 时态语态错误一.选项技巧的练习1. This organization may succeed marvelously at what it wants to do, but what it wants to do may not be all that important.A. The organization is marvelous in making a good goalB. The organization will succeed greatly in what it is required to do.C. Although the organization reaches its goals, the goals are not be of little importance.D. What the organization wants is marvelousE. The author questions the goals of the organization2. This book contains a totally new outlook that contains the wisdom of the past with scientific knowledge to solve the problem of the presentA. Problems of the past and present are solved in this bookB, In the book, current knowledge and past wisdom are combined to solve current problemsC. Only by using knowledge of the past and present can we solve the problemsD. The different book combines the wisdom of the past with scientific knowledge to handle present problems.E. None of todays problems can be solved without scientific knowledge3. When there is an absence of reliable information about drugs, the risks involved in using them are greatly increased.A. There is no reliable information about drugs.B. Using drugs is more dangerous when we do not know what effects and dangers are involvedC. The risks involved in using drugs have increased D. People should try to find out about drugs before using themE. There are no risks involved in using drugs if we have reliable information about them4.Taxes being so high, the descendants of the wealthy class of the nineteenth century are being forced to rent out their estates to paying guestsA. In the nineteenth century, the wealthy class rented out estatesB. Because of high taxes, families that were rich one hundred years ago now rent out estatesC. Guests pay high taxes when they rent old estatesD. Some families that were once wealthy are having trouble paying their taxes.E. High taxes have destroyed the lives of some of the old wealthy families5. According to the definition of Chinese traditional medicine, acupuncture is known to the treatment of disease-not the relief of pains-by inserting very fine needles to the body at specific points called loci.A. acupuncture can be used to treat illness and relieve painsB. finely pointed needles called loci are used in acupuncture.C. in Chinese traditional medicine, acupuncture is known to treat disease rather than relieving painsD. those using acupuncture treat disease by placing needles into the body at specific pointsE. only those who practice traditional Chinese medicine use acupuncturePart 1 多重定语结构（包括分词定语,不定式）1Experts suggest that speech stages are reached at a constant age and promoted gradually according to the talents of humans, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ and has great talents in solving mathematical and physical problems. What can be inferred from experts suggestions?A. Speech abilities are entirely correspondent to human talentsB. Humanstalents are likely to be contrary to their speech capacitiesC. The speech ability is improved with the increase in ages in most cases.D. Gradual promotion of the speech ability can be changed by childrens talents.2. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which can develop his or her capacity for active responses and which can encourage the curiosity of the children will have greater intellectual development.What can be inferred from this sentence?A. Stimuli are essential to the childs positive responses.B. Many stimuli can help children improve their IQ.C. A childs active responses develop the curiosity of himD. Greater intellectual development is based on the environment.3.American X-generations who stem from generations which left their old people behind and never closed their parentseyelid in death, and who have heard about the death provided by two world wars fougt far from our shores are today getting rid of a recognition of the way their predecessors live their lives.We can infer that American X-generations_?A. are deserting others lifestyles because of their parents death B. are detached to the way of living of modern societyC. care about nothing but their own business and their childrenD. are becoming self-concerned because of knowing the death of two world wars4. Unwillingly, he finds that students who were easy to teach because they succeeded in putting everything they had learned into practice hesitate when confronted with the vast untouched area of English vocabulary and usage which fall outside the scope of basic textbooks.We can infer that the students_.A. hesitate when they put everything they had learned into practiceB. deal with the unfamiliar English vocabulary badly because of being so dependent on teachersC. should learn more about extracurricular knowledge rather than focusing on textbooks aloneD. can easily put the vocabulary and usage of English into practice5. Studies of the Weddell seal in the laboratory have described the physiological mechanisms that allow the seals to cope with the extreme oxygen deprivation that occurs during its longest dives, which can extend 500 meters below the oceans surface and last for over 70 minutes.We can learn from the sentence that the Weddell seal . A. can possess unique psychological organismsB. can deal with low-density oxygen in and out of the seaC. can dive between the surface and 500 meter below freelyD. can be adapted to deep water with special capability6. Such large manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders who have owned wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners and almost equally detached from the management of business. Such large manipulation of capital and industry resulted in_ .A. the separation of wealth from administration B. the division of the land from the managementC. more and more shareholders owning large land and wealthD. greater importance of shareholders and managers7. The coming of age of postwar baby boom which can deal with the personnel shortage and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market that can eliminate the social discriminations have limited the opportunities of teen-ages who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in going to good schools and jobs.What can be inferred from the sentence?A. Lack of labor forces can be cleared with female workers.B. Youngsters chances are restrained by postwar baby boom and more female workers.C. The participation of female mainly limits the opportunity of the young.D. All Japanese are working hard to go to good schools and jobs.8.It is universally acknowledged that someone who robs a few dollars by force from a corner store and hurts somebody physically and mentally will often end up with a longer prison term than a fraud artist who cheats thousand of dollars by his cheerful performances，which means that the penalty is less determined by the amount of cash than by the level of being wounded. 9. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbound sprang up to house large comfortable classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except earning bonus and occasionally attending a shareholders meeting to dictate their orders to the management.10. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities-those of love and of reason-are the aims of all social arrangement.Part 2 比较级的分析和理解1. Science that promotes the innovation of our social productivity and service moves forward not so much through the insights of great men that play a pioneering role in our society as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools.Scientific progress mainly stems from .A. gifted scientists and great figuresB. capacity for understanding hidden truthsC. better techniques and facilities D. powerful men and ordinary things2. The increase in the number of married women employed outside the home had less to do with the mechanization and convenience of the housework and an increase in spare time for these women than with their own unavoidable economic requirements and with high marriage rates that decrease the available number of single women workers.Which of the following account for more married female workers?A. The automation and convenience of housework and high marriage ratesB. Financial burden and fewer single women workersC. Womens desire for leisure lives and keeping a high salaryD. Unavoidable economic demands and the importance of single women3. Nobody with any sense expects to find the truth in advertisements about the quality of products any more than he expects a man applying for a job anxiously and being eager to get the butter and bread to describe his shortcomi