跟双宾语与宾补结构的动词.doc

跟双宾语与宾补结构的动词Verb: 分为及物vt和不及物vi两种及物动词后面必须跟宾语。有些动词后面常跟双宾语或复合宾语，复合宾语也就是宾补结构1. 后面常跟双宾语结构的及物动词accord给予 bring带来 buy 买 deny不给予 grant同意给予、准许 promise答应、允诺 pass传递 pay支付 hand递 leave留、交付 teach tell throw wish希望 write owe欠 send送 show展示return归还 offer提供 lend借给 refuse拒绝 take带去、带走 He wrote his mother a check 他给母亲开了一张支票。The general granted us permission to visit the military base 将军准许我们参观那个军事基地I have promised Susan the book by Monday 我己经答应周一前给苏珊那本书。His friends accorded Tom their sincere thanks 他的朋友们对汤姆表示了诚挚的谢意。注：1、双宾语结构经常可以引入介词to或for把间宾引出保留直宾而变成单宾语结构。用to表示动作对谁而做，间宾是实际承受者；用for表示动作为谁而做，间宾是预定承受者。用to的动词：allow bring cause give sell hand lend show offer owe pass promise pay read refuse return teach throw tell throw send take等用for的动词：book build buy call choose cook（bake boil fry） fetch find keep make find找到 order save spare等 2. 后面带复合宾语，也就是宾补结构的及物动词1）宾语+名词构成的宾补结构appoint任命 call称作 choose选择 designate 选派、授予 elect选举count认为 name称作、取名 crown加冕 find发现 leave使 keep保持 consider认为 nominate提名 等等They crowned him king 他们立他为国王。We appointed him president of the club 我们任命他为俱乐部主席。I considered him a genius 我认为他是个天才。We elected John chairman 我们选约翰做主席。We found her a very suitable person for the job 我们发现她很适合做这项工作。You must keep it a secret. 你必须对这点保密。We nominated him a member of the council 我们提名他为委员会的委员。2）宾语+形容词构成的宾补结构believe consider drive逼迫 dye fancy认为 find get imagine leave使 get使 paint colour think like prove turn suppose wish pronounce see want等I believe him honest 我相信他是诚实的。Why dont you dye it deep blue？为什么不把它染成深蓝色？They fancy themselves clever 他们自以为很聪明。He pronounced the result excellent 他宣布结果极好Fear turned her pale 恐惧使她脸色苍白。Do you like your tea weak or strong？你喜欢你的茶淡一点还是浓一点？You have left the door open你一直让门开着。His job drove him so tired 他的工作让他很累。I wish you successful 我希望你成功。3）宾语+不带to的不定式构成的宾补结构这类动词是感官性动词和使役性动词: feel see look at watch notice glance瞥见 glimpse hear listen to observe watch perceive 使役性动词指have make 和letShe looked at the dog jump她看着这条狗跳来跳去。Did you see anyone come in？你看到有人进来了吗？I noticed him prowl around 我注意到他在周围徘徊。We heard her come downstairs 我们听见她下楼了。I felt something crawl up my arm 我感到有东西爬到我的胳膊上了。It was enough to make one weep 这足以使人落泪。I didnt play；I only watched the others play 我没有玩，只是看着别人玩。注：以上动词用于被动语态时，不定式必须带toShe was heard to sing in the next room有人听到她在隔壁房间唱歌了。4）宾语+带to的不定式构成的宾补结构announce ask要求 assert宣称 assume设想 beg expect期望、料想 consider command count认为 choose declare intend judge deem认为 desire希望（正式） dislike like love prefer want suffer think wish hold认为 pray请求 implore乞求 suffer report报告 pronounce permit order persuade get使I implored the king to have mercy 我乞求国王开恩。I hate you to say vulgar words 我讨厌你说这些粗话。I got them help me 我让他们帮助我。I pray you to be careful 我求你小心点。They reported a star to have appeared in the east他们报告一颗星已在东方出现。His wife disliked him to be a smoker他的妻子不喜欢他抽烟。The prince desired her to be his queen 王子希望她能成为自己的王后。5）宾语+现在分词构成的宾补结构catch捉 find keep使保持 get leave使 send使 set还有感官性动词和使役性动词The report of the rifles sent the birds flying round the place 枪声使鸟儿绕着那个地方乱飞。Your words set me thinking他的话引起了我的思考。Dont keep the line waiting long不要让排队的人就等了。I found my headache coming on 我感到我的头痛又要发作了。I caught a boy climbing over the wall 我捉到了一个孩子在翻墙。Who has left the water running 谁让水一直流着呢？6）宾语+过去分词构成的宾补结构allow behold注视 expect wish fancy feel get imagine remember request permit depict描绘 fancy conceive consider prefer require需要 urge want picture想象 like 还有使役性动词和感官性动词等Everyone considered it greatly improved大家都认为这点有了很大的改善。We must get everything straightened out我们必须把一切弄清楚。Embarrassed，they kept their eyes studiously turned away他们感到困窘，故意把视线转向别处。I prefer the eggs boiled 我喜欢吃煮鸡蛋。You dont want him caught，do you？你不想让他被捕，是吧？I felt a great weight taken off my mind 我感到心中的块垒消除了。7）宾语+介词短语构成的宾补结构put放 find 发现 leave落下 guess猜想 want permit 感官性动词和使役性动词，大多数能跟补语的动词后面都能跟介词短语做补语。He put his coat in my room 他把他的上衣放在了我的房间里。I guessed him at school 我猜想他在学校。Finally his friend found Newton in his lab 最后，他朋友发现牛顿在他的实验室里双宾语结构补充 1. 有些与“说”有关的动词，如admit announce call=shout describe explain express introduce mention point out repeat report say speak suggest talk whisper等一般不用双宾语结构，而用单宾语，也就是，间宾由介词to引出。 He admitted to us that he had taken the money 他向我们承认，他拿了钱。 I explained everything to them 我向他们解释了一切。 As I expressed to them my thanks，he held my hands firmly 当我向他表达我的感谢时，他紧紧地抓着我的手。 I cant describe to you what I felt at that moment 我没法对你描述我那时的感受。 I pointed out to him that this was a trouble he had brought upon himself 我向他指出，这是他自己给自己找的麻烦。 2. 间接宾语是无生命的物时，只能用加介词的形式 He must buy a new carpet for his room （不能说buy his room a new carpet） 注：give 的间接宾语是无生命的物时，不能用加介词的形式。 He gave the room a thorough cleaning （不能说gave a thorough cleaning to the room） 3ask answer forget envy pardon后，一般只跟双宾语结构，不用加介词的形式 They asked me a lot of questions I forgave him his rudeness 我原谅了他的粗鲁。 I envy him his excellent health 我羡慕他有一副好身体。 We must pardon him his little faults 我们得原谅他的小过失。时态的谓语动词 客观事实 进行 完成（结果） 完成进行（延续）一般现