therebe句型表示有的句型.docVIP

There be句型如果要表达“.地方有.”,一般采用there be 句型.e.g. There is an apple on the desk. There is still some water in the cup. There are many sutdents on the playground.1.从以上句子可以看出, there be句型的构成一般为 “there is/are +某物/人+地点”. 它既可表示某地方有什么东西,也可以表达某地方有什么人.2.如果要表达某地没有某东西或某人,或者问某地是否有某东西或某人,我们就要用到there be 句型的否定和疑问形式.在there be 句型中, there 从句法结构上讲为主语,所以其疑问形式是将 be 提至there 之前,构成 is there/ are there的句式,而否定形式则是在be后加not.肯定否定疑问回答There is a computer on the desk.There isnt a computer on the desk.Is there a computer on the desk?Yes, there is.No, there isnt.There are some students on the playground.There arent any students on the playground.Are there any students on the playground?Yes, there are.No, there arent.要注意:系动词be形式的变化一般根据其后面的名词的数而定. There is/are 用于表示现在某地方有什么东西或某人,所表示的人或物都是泛指,而非特指.e.g. There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里面有水. There are many students in the classroom. 教室里有很多学生.Have got句型上面学习的是 “某地方有什么东西或者什么人”, 如果表示自己(人)有什么东西,一般可以用have got/have的表达方式.I have got a brother and a sister. 我有一个哥哥和一个姐姐I have got a very lovely pet. 我有一只很可爱的宠物.I have got a lot of friends.我有许多朋友.1. 如果表达 “他/她” 有,则要用has got/has, 而 “我们” “你(们)” “他们”等与 “我”一样, 用have got/have.He has got two sisters. She has got a very nice bike. They have got many friends. We have got a computer.2. 如果表达 “没有”,则要用have not(havent) got/ have not(havent) 或者 has not(hasnt) got/ has not(hasnt); 要问 “有没有”则要把have/has提前至句首.e.g. You havent got a bike. Has he got a brother? Have they got any fruit?下面总结一下have/has got的变化形式:肯定否定疑问回答I have got a very nice dog.I have not(havent) got any dogs.Have you got a dog?Yes, I have.No, I haventHe/She has got two friends.He/ She has not(hasnt) got two friends.Has he/ she got two friends?Yes, he/ she has.No, he/ she hasnt.We have got a computer room.We have not(havent) got a computer room.Have we got a computer room?Yes, we have.No, we havent.They have got a new English teacher.They have not(havent) got a new English teacher.Have they got a new English teacher?Yes, they have.No, they havent.You have got a brother.You have not(havent) got a brother.Have you got a brother?Yes, I have.No, I havent.3.在使用have/has got时要注意: have got表示 “有”时指的是 “某人有”,注意与there be 区别. There be 表示 “某个地方有某人或某物”,表示的是 “存在”, 而have表示的是 “某人所有”. 试比较:I have got a new textbook.我有一本新教科书. There is a new textbook on the desk.课桌上放着一本新的教科书.4. 有时have got与there be句型表达意思相似,但是侧重点不同, 如:We havent got any meat in the fridge. 我们冰箱里没有肉了.There isnt any meat in the fridge. 冰箱里没有肉了.这两句话都表示冰箱里没有肉了,但是,第一句首先说的是 “我们没有肉了”, 冰箱是次要的,而第二句则表示 “冰箱里没有肉” ,只是说冰箱里没有了,至于其他地方有没有,是我们的还是其他人的,就不得而知了. 因此, 使用中要注意表达的侧重点.如果到商店买东西,最好用 “Have you got any?”Some, any的用法Some 和 any 有什么区别呢?看看下面句子:There is some milk in the cup. ere are some students in the classroom. havent got any English clssmates. Is there any good news today?从以上句子来看,some用于肯定句,any用于疑问句和否定句.也就是说,some表示一个确定的概念,当我们明确知道有 “一些”,就要用some; 如果我们不知道是否有,比如,不知道对方是否有兄弟姐妹,就要说 Have you got any brothers?从以上例子我们还可以看出,some 和any既可以用于可数名词的复数之前,也可以用于不可数名词之前.可数名词如果是单数,加不定冠词,而不可数名词只要表示一定的量就要加some或any. 如: I like rice.我喜欢吃米饭.这里rice表示一般概念,不用some.但是,下面一句中,rice表示具体的米饭, 说的是碗里有些米饭,有一定的量, 所以要用some.There is some rice in the bowl.碗里有一些米饭.P.S. some用在可数名词之前时,可数名词要用复数形式.可数名词和不可数名词当我们表达 “一些牛奶”和 “一些学生”时, “一些牛奶” 为 “some milk”, milk 没有形式变化,而 “一些学生” 则是some students, student有词形变化,用的是复数形式. 英语的名词和汉语不同,有可数和不可数之分. 可数名词如果超过了1的数词或限定词,名词要用复数形式;而不可数名词没有数的变化,不管其前出现什么数量表达方式,依然要用原型.常见的不可数名词有:1) 物质名词: milk, meat,