2015考研英语大纲常见代词汇总.docx

考研资料加油站 /601867084 一、人称代词1. 一般规则1)人称代词的使用顺序为第二人称、第三人称、第一人称。如：You, she and I are sincere friends.2)人称代词与表人的名词并列时，顺序为“名词+人称代词”，但you常位于名词前。如：You, Marry and I must be in a common effort.3)与其他代词排列时，人称代词在前。如：She, I and some others like pageant(露天表演).2. 当由every或each修饰并由and连接的两个单数名词做主语时，后面的代词要用单数;若这两个名词一个是阳性，一个是阴性。可用he/his/himself来代替。如：Every mother and daughter in town has been invited to the dancing party she is longing for.Every man and woman has his right to vote.3. 当由or或nor连接的两个名词或代词时，代词要与or 或nor后面的名词或代词在性和数上保持一致。如：Either Marry and or her classmates study harder than they did before.4. 人称代词在比较分句中做主语用主格，做宾语用宾格。如：I trust you as much as her. 但在非正式语体中人称代词在比较分句中做主语，也可以用宾格，特别是这类代词带有all, both做同位语，通常都用宾格。二、反身代词1.反身代词做介词的补足成分。by oneself 单独地，独自地for oneself 亲自地，为自己of oneself 自动地，自然而然地in oneself 自身，本质上to oneself 供自己用，专用2. 反身代词用于“动词+反身代词+副词”的固定搭配中。如：He took himself away. 走开She often puts herself forward. 摆架子Carl played a joke on Bob and gave himself away by laughing. 露出马脚3. 反身代词用于“动词+反身代词+介词”的固定搭配中。如：The work addict surrendered himself to despair. 陷入困境The Earl always prides himself on having a glorious past. 炫耀4. 在anyone, no one, nobody 等代词+ but 后可用第一、第二人称反身代词做主语，但不能用第三人称反身代词。如：Anyone but yourself (myself) had been to the island girded by the sea.三、指示代词1. all, both 与of 连用时，如果of后是名词，则可省去of,但of后如果是代词，of则不可省。如：All the old men are hale and heavy.Both of them are idle fellows.All和whole 在修饰单数可数名词时，意思往往是一样的，然而次序不同，all用于冠词或其他限定词之前，而whole前必须有冠词或其他限定词。如：All the city is burning.The whole city is burning.2. no one = nobody ，仅用于人，不能与of 短语连用，谓语动词用单数。None既能指人，又能指物，谓语动词既可用单数，也可用复试，也可与of连用。如：No one has read Paradise Lost up till now.None of us has seen an overpass.“none other than” 是个固定结构，意为“就是”，表示强调如：The new arrival was none other than the President.3. much 常用语下列用法中(be) much of a 很，更;了不起的，称得上的not so much as 与其说，不如说(with) not /without so much as 甚至于不much more = still more (用于肯定句)更加much less= still (even) less(用于否定句)更不，更说不上so much so that 到如此程度，以致4. everyone, every one, anyone, any oneeveryone = everybody，只能指人，不能与of 连用，而every one 可指人，也可指物，可跟of 短语。anyone, any one 用法同上，可用于肯定句。5. 其他不定代词构成的短语anything of 一点儿，一点;的味道 (用于否定句、疑问句或条件句)something of 在某种意义(程度)上 (用于肯定句)everythi