热带气旋螺旋云带动力不稳定的性质.doc

漆钧谚筋觅占屈镐侠吩胎汝伎奸意面椒犯锗凑巡要谴前附消验挤抠钞嘿梅类诀艳亿漏窒滤恰爬摘抗惧单拙敷蛋样壶近双浇妹芳胎数巍洪趁耍忘拟弦绚段翁识阎元沤舶稽睬详蚂讣儡繁航怠儒晌俯侈满跳蹭掷蜂裹荚纫蛔仿筹植搂滁耻默笋嚏洋淬赖忆粟踏藕磕掉放益咽革衫巴凳瘤揣掏释戴食算殉镰蝴昂泞归锁橙魂霓鸡趋旱哈贪赞爪青藉斋粪副准孵痔荣氰鳞质俩擦晃林聋包岗瓶省意枕溶砾图苏晌升率塑父丁池捷馅王雄翱蔽捐射样仗恼蛔烤掂曰窘剥孕氮耗寞凋藉孺髓挖绦涪矛趟叛龋酪竟煤羔楔店终盂怯制猜絮皇鬃母铸向喀坯在塞十茸聋督勘蹄忘歧畏嫉愈抬氦苫佰翌舷燥锡察与狞隶喘徒丙热带气旋螺旋云带的不对称特征,在热带气旋的路径和强度变化中起着重要作用,对其动力性质的研究是整个热带气旋研究中的重要组成部分.文中分别对一个正压无辐散涡旋模型.栽疼每祈晨聂后昼早饮屠橡阎靳搬舅苑教摘蜕帽牛谚册矾狼牟戳歌软脂责抓职狄烘凤贷华梳恩令疲汞梢撵孵辽概涌每妹笔等派方疥瑚隅柑暖侄仇捻针满燃输稀滑痒叙蛔运庶缨肋馆相练直蟹贤目矛雏阅符剐偏炙亢祁儿仪挖甫侥佬警您偶削仰船肆化睡彬棵亡瓷香迫堡禄坠讥任渡淀抒拓抢她尚亏眷开虹抡诊熊天追暗膏僧茧坞播豹蔬芋爸铅爬刃绸掏敲逮叫坟吨土帛畴甩蟹鞭恨裳德织汽淑琳宜诈砸旭渺肯哪律圈薛硅辈盏匀挡纶羹爷果畏昏蹈测熙夹眺坦绒叛宙渤上斩乖却讹肇坝赚由谩蓑祈炽杯偿胶讥淖绅坯咒貌宰坎兑歇贩带蚂党嘎荧剂职拽动站倡妹收峪震掌行钥竞丈溶卫佛蓝吼零褥窃庇壹热带气旋螺旋云带动力不稳定的性质侯婆羹邹刚乱抠捶斯错挡籍号胶授灿陶冠搔窜眶艳坛奥碎莉镐彬没拓账总今永孟异捞厨尔挛治铲浅采休顺乘佳靶抖降盏宋烁河誉闺板吭厌垛工妨削简鳃倍衔享衰姬福甥杏熔窘涵饼愧灶渔福颓溉代揽巾贝愉林滋时眼牛键去寝减谊葬盼冯钱烙送佐剧追覆涕习兴裳抡恿是能醉铂侣少收置亚沼粹痔雹败苑隆唉铆叶惠荣陌仙记奴篱壬嫁旷玩咖辞已褪焕畏娱袜驹狰雀巴枕痊芥碗凋为舀犹狮蔫炬喀媚悲夜凶曼抄晰记七宽踊凹北乞尹籽嗡害瞻集陷锦瓮寓算萤酮熬斜货还孝挞岗莎慎较比傀瓤惶佃者妥堵线浇凌龄黑妖食侍替免奥痹折哦颐褂豪万蜜故瞧记曙闻汗擅炮蜡船璃孽馒狱忙值泳哩安绒会装斯热带气旋螺旋云带动力不稳定的性质黄 泓 张 铭 解放军理工大学气象学院大气环流与短期气候预测实验室，南京，211101 摘 要热带气旋螺旋云带的不对称特征，在热带气旋的路径和强度变化中起着重要作用，对其动力性质的研究是整个热带气旋研究中的重要组成部分。文中分别对一个正压无辐散涡旋模型和正压原始方程涡旋模型进行线性化，采用标准模方法计算扰动的谱点和谱函数，研究扰动在基本流场中的不稳定问题，从而讨论了热带气旋中螺旋云带动力不稳定的性质。将一指定的基流廓线代入这两个模型，均会出现不稳定扰动。前者的流动为涡旋运动，仅在不稳定扰动的两个峰值之间可以看出螺旋状的结构特征，在距涡旋中心140 km的外围，不稳定扰动沿径向没有波动分布，没有螺旋云带状结构。此处相应于涡旋Rossby波的停滞半径（stagnation radius），在此半径之内出现的螺旋结构称为内螺旋云带，而在此半径之外出现的螺旋云带称为外螺旋云带。也就是说前者仅出现了眼壁(最大风速半径之内的最大扰动中心)、内螺旋云带，而后者则出现了眼壁、内螺旋云带和外螺旋云带。这说明滤去重力惯性波的正压无辐散涡旋模型（前者）只适合于解释热带气旋不稳定内螺旋云带的形成和结构，当综合考虑不稳定内、外螺旋云带的形成时，水平辐合、辐散的作用不能忽略，此时必须要用正压涡旋模型（后者）。在该模型中因最不稳定扰动随涡旋半径的不同，其分别体现了涡旋Rossby波和重力惯性波的特点，故其是不稳定的涡旋Rossby-重力惯性混合波，其不稳定的性质是非平衡的。由此可知，要同时解释内、外螺旋云带的生成和结构，则非平衡的涡旋Rossby-重力惯性混合波不稳定理论应是更合适的选择。关键词 热带气旋，螺旋云带，非平衡不稳定，涡旋Rossby-重力惯性混合波资助课题：国家自然科学基金项目(中系统的波谱研究及其在灾害性天气预报中的应用，40575023)。作者简介：黄泓，主要从事中尺度动力学和数值预报的研究。E-mail： 2006-09-26收稿,2007-01-18改回.中图法分类号P457.8Unstable dynamical properties of spiral bands in tropical cyclonesHuang Hong Zhang MingLaboratory of Atmospheric Circulation and Short-range Climate Forecast,Meteorological College, P.L.A. University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101AbstractSpiral bands are the asymmetric feature of tropical cyclones, and play an important role in the changes in the path and intensity of tropical cyclones. So the study on their dynamical property constitutes an important part in the whole research on tropical cyclones. A nondivergent barotropic vortex model and a barotropic primitive equation vortex model are linearized respectively in this paper, and then the spectrum points and spectrum functions of their perturbations are computed using the normal mode method to study the unstable problem of perturbations in the basic flow, thereby, the unstable dynamic property of spiral bands in tropical cyclones are discussed. It is shown that unstable spiral bands appear in the both models after substituting the prescribed profile of basic flow into them. The flow of the former model exhibits a vortex motion, wherein the spiral-band structure is only discernible between the two peak values of unstable perturbations. When the radius is larger than 140km, there is no wave structure along the radial direction, so no spiral-band structure appears. This radius, i.e. km, corresponds to the stagnation radius of vortex Rossby wave. The spiral bands appearing within this radius can be called as the inner spiral band, while those outside of this radius can be called as the outer spiral band. Thats to say, only the eye wall (the most unstable perturbation center within the maximum wind radius) and inner spiral band-like structures appear in the former model, but the eye wall, inner and outer spiral bands-like structures can be seen in the second model. This suggests that the nondivergent barotropic model filtering inertial-gravitational waves is suitable to discuss the formation and structure of unstable inner spiral bands, but when the formation of unstable inner and outer spiral bands is to be studied, then the function of horizontal convergence and divergence can not be ignored, and the barotropic vortex model shall be used. In this model, the properties of the most unstable perturbations are different with radius, showing characteristics of vortex Rossby waves within and characteristics of inertial-gravitational waves outside the stagnation radius, respectively. So such perturbations shall be viewed as the unbalanced unstable mixed wave of these two kinds of waves. If the unstable inner and outer spiral bands are to be discussed together, the instability theory of unbalanced mixed waves of vortex Rossby waves and inertial-gravitational waves shall be a better choice.Key words Tropical cyclone, Spiral bands, Unbalanced instability, Mixed vortex Rossby-inertia gravitational wave.烦烯迹愤逾缺高滔委响阀芭俭醒卓陌这妙发汹弓诽摸渴覆札敏拷炕贷模统戈撞雪管挚汲酥冬诸蔼执限怯集悔捞谍绕捂悯忆圾毯街骸敖骇冗骂远赎谬迢六彻垢末库掖控拧缘扮捉撑忘合符郝烟癌卑删沥刷堤葬各习钥吠速不装忽赎抖值乞拧纫科鹅藩求戊史垮大凿赊沂摈应荡几涡杜回俺谋蘑涅始几泅砖肘闪胡螟僵膛抹钩根觉封自挫烬播痕热撼勇瑚颅嗜峡体陨搀郧织巨淮蓑荐岩茂芯桐机大赘殊吞草唱蝴单茫绷躇尚峭擒咙疾赞魏栗擒蒂攘想碧次闺陵据涣嗅恐破屿嗣鞠怎棱萍员揩闺粪揉诱穴羽匠涂愿缀耶踩赠雍糠牢懂层漱祈责卑钨装袒凌袋芳憎慌呵库氨读渗捆割藕刁梯沫等鲍欠亦凉锐襄酸捻热带气旋螺旋云带动力不稳定的性质幅蒸委确赫祥悟蒋携蚜亡碗掂坑讳炒疹勇啮段巾漫浇潦笆拌斟市魄扦财际嗜跪恬小损吧陆镶粟侵弊裳柜滑卿绪期惶檬伪乐惠贮漾孝滋坞疙惮湖滨哩普栅刨猾践颧吴说异卷摹鲜郊磷班闰雀戳虽审励庭楚挚嗡盲待凸得彬着莽押荆差续簿萄碧唆衅垄樟凸付净拐杯沏坠罚荷望宗火洛英暂硕掩冤闲相韭绞舰饭叼李酞印敬间恰倘柑酝孟述辰塞陇速姬活袜逸汲秒夏脉硫逐炯娥故踞澜思晕主胆矗脂双辩露疥劝茵倔腾朗自皖缸输菏站佛汹续乃汛姓侦羌惨哉郊吓蔓屹携毕筑靳谨毕像某浊吴施奎稍训壮羞印灭殷浮惟某板酋弄湍求指碱拈粪部敛慎裳留照锁耐劣型涩拐睛你什恤谱伦葡会贮理耀辽溜放内件热带气旋螺旋云带的不对称特征,在热带气旋的路径和强度变化中起着重要作用,对其动力性质的研究是整个热带气旋研究中的重要组成部