动词的三单形式、现在分词、过去式、过去分词的变化规律.doc

主语是第三人称单数形式时，动词的变化1. 一般在词尾加-sget、make、cook、need2.以o、s、x、sh、ch结尾的动词，在词尾加-esgo、do、miss、pass、teach、watch、catch、match、touch、wash、fish、finish、smash、box、relax、mix、fax3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，把y改i再加esfly、fry、try、cry、dry、carry、study、worry、embody体现具体表达、justify证明、empty、4.以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词，直接加splay、stay、buy、pray、pay、say、lay下蛋5.不规则变化have-has、动词的ing形式构成法1.一般在词尾加-ingdo、meet、watch、wash、read2.以（不发音的）e结尾的词，去e加-ingclose、dance、live、like、love、bore、phone、ride、move、hope、decide、write3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，呈现“辅+元+辅”结构需双写最后一个字母再加-ing1、一个m、两个d、两个g（swim / nod , rid / dig, beg）2、三个n，四个p、11个t（run，win，begin）（dip，drop，mop，stop）（sit，hit，fit，set，get，let，put，cut，regret，forget，pat）4.以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y再加-inglie-lying、die-dying动词的过去式的构成法1.一般在词尾加-edwatch、wash、open、play2.以（不发音的）e结尾的词，在词后直接加-dclose、dance、live、like、love、bore、phone、ride、move、hope、decide、write3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，把y改i再加ed fly、fry、try、cry、dry、carry、study、worry、embody、justify、empty、4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，呈现“辅+元+辅”结构需双写最后一个字母再加-edshop、stop、plan、trip、beg、hop、skip、drag、drop、dot、drip、fret、5.不规则变化规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音： 1. 在清辅音后读作t。如：asked, helped, watched, stopped 2在浊辅音和元音后读作d。如：enjoyed, studied, moved, called 3. 在t / d后读作id。如：wanted, needed 不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表。大体上归纳有以下几条记忆法： 1. 以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如：putput, letlet, cutcut, beatbeat，costcost， hithit 2. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。如:buildbuilt, lendlent, sendsent, spendspent （readread）3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。如：meanmeant, burnburnt, learnlearnt 4. 以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。如：blowblew, drawdrew, knowknew, growgrew，throwthrew5. 含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。如：keepkept, sleepslept, feelfelt, smellsmelt，sweepswept6.只去掉一个e：feedfed，meetmet7. 闭音节词，改i为a。如：sitsat, swimswam, ringrang, drinkdrank，singsang，beginbegan，8. 开音节词，改i为o。如：drivedrove, riderode, writewrote, 9.buybought, bringbrought, thinkthought, catchcaught, teachtaught10.laylaid, saysaid, paypaid母鸡“下蛋”并“摆放”好后，“说”，“付钱”11.is/amwas, arewere, have/hashad, dodid, gowent, runran, seesaw, flyflew, getgot, winwon, eatate, comecame, makemade, telltold, taketook, fallfell, speakspoke, wearwore, standstood, becomebecame, forgetforgot, hearheard, cancould, willwould, shallshould, findfound不规则动词的过去分词变化形式1、AAA动词原形，过去式，过去分词相同cost -cost - cost cut -cut-cut hit -hit-hit hurt -hurt -hurt let -let -let put -put -put read -read -read set -set -set shut -shut -shut spread- spread- spread2、ABA动词原形与过去分词相同become -became - become come-came - come run-ran-run 3、动词过去分词有两个burn -burned/burnt-burned/burnt dream-dreamed/dreamt -dreamed/dreamtlearn -learned/learnt -learned/learnt smell -smelled/smelt -smelled/smeltspell -spelled/spelt -spelled/spelt4、在动词原形后加-en/n构成过去分词be-was/werebeen beat-beat-beaten drive -drove-drivenride -rode-ridden rise -rose-risen eat-ate-eatenfall-fell-fallen give-gave -given shake -shook-shakensee-saw-seen take-took-taken blow-blew-blowndraw-drew-drawn grow-grew-grown know-knew-knownshow-showed-shown throw-threw-thrown writewrote-written5、动词原形i过去式a 过去分词ubegin -began-begun sing -sang -sung ring -rang-rung swim -swam -swum drink -drank-drunk6、在过去式后加n构成过去分词break-broke -broken forget -forgot-forgotten choose-chose-chosen freeze-froze-frozen hide-hid-hidden speak-spoke-spokensteal-stole-stolen wake-woke-woken wear-wore-worn7、动词过去式与过去分词相同bring -brought -brought buy -bought -bought fight -fought -fought think -thought-thought catch -caught -caught teach -taught -taught dig-dug-dug feed-fed-fed find-found-foundget-got-got hang-hung-hung hearheard-heardhold-held-held keep-kept-kept lay-laid-laidlead-led-led leave-left-left lend-lent-lentlose-lost-lost make-made-made mean-meantmeantmeet-met-met pay-paid-paid say-said-saidsell-sold-sold send-sent-sent shine-shone-shonesit-sat-sat sleep-slept-slept spend-spent-spentstand-stood-stood stick-stuck-stuck sweep-swept-swepttell-told-told understand-understood-understoodwin-won-won feel-felt-felt have-had-had8、特殊记忆 do-did-done go-went-gone动词过去式,过去分词不规则变化 AB型 can could shall should will would may might AAA型 costcostcost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt let let let must must must put put put set set set shut shut shut read read read AAB型 beat beat beaten ABA型 become became become come came come run ran run ABB型 bring brought brought buy bought bought think thought thought catch caught caught teach taught taught build built built lend lent lent send sent sent spend spent spent dig dug dug hang hung hung feel felt felt keep kept kept sleep slept slept sweep swept swept leave left left smell smelt smelt spill spilt spilt lay laid laid pay paid paid say said said sell sold sold tell told told sit sat sat spit spat spat stand stood stood understand understood understood learn learnt learnt mean meant meant spoil spoilt spoilt shine shone shone win won won have had had make made made hear heard heard find found found hold held held ABC型 begin began begun drink drank drunk ring rang rung sing sang sung sink sank sunk swim swam swum blow blew blown fly flew flown grow grew grown know knew known throw threw thrown draw drew drawn show showed shown break broke broken choose chose chosen forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen speak spoke spoken wake woke woken drive drove driven eat ate eaten fall fell fallen give gave given hide hid hidden ride rode ridden rise rose risen take took taken mistake mistook mistaken write wrote written am,is was been are were been do did done go went gone lie lay lain see saw seen wear wore worn 易错型 show showed shown draw drew drawn fall fell fallen feel felt felt hold held held help helped helped think thought thought thank thanked thanked take took taken talk talked talked get got got forg