2019中考英语一轮复习阅读理解优练（10）人教新目标版.docx

2019中考英语阅读理解优练（10）及答案【能力选练】 A（2019中考科普环保类选练）The earth is our home；we must take Care of itThis means keeping the land，air and water clean Pollution is a dirty wordTo pollute means to make things unfit(不合适的)or unclean to usePollution comes in many waysWe see it，smell it ,taste it and drink itPollution is beginning to threaten(威胁)our health ,or happiness and our life Manhas been polluting the earth from the time he first made fire，washed his clothes in the river and threw his waste on the groundWhen land was used up or water became dirtyMen moved to another placeAt first the problem was not so serious because there was plenty of clean air，land and waterThere werent so many people then and their wants(需求)were fewerAll the dirty things could be absorbed(吸收)by nature and sooncovered over(恢复)But this is no longer trueThe increase of population(人口增长)and the development of industry have changed thatMan is slowly pollutinghis environment Through the use of poison(农药)，mall has polluted land !killing the animalBy putting dirty water and chemicals into rivers and lakes we have polluted our drinking water ,killing the fish Our increasing population is part of theproblemMore people more waste Where is this all to end ?Are we turning the world into a big rubbish dump，or is there anyhope that we can get rid of(摆脱)the pollution ?Luckily，millions of people have been warned ofthe danger of pollutionLarge numbers of people are now working hard to bring pollution under( )1Which sentence is WRONG? AWe live on the earth，so we should look after it BTo pollute means to make air ,water and land unfit for use CAll the waste produced by modem industry can be absorbed DMan is now fighting against different kinds of pollution( )2In this passage the word“chemicals”means A化学 B化学物质 C化学的 D医学的 ( )3Through the uncontrolled use of poison mall has Amade the drinking water dirty Bpolluted the land Ckilled the animals and fish Dall of the above( )4From the sentences“More people more waste”，we know that Abecause of the increase of population and the development of industry，more and more waste is produced Bwe need more people，not more waste Cthere isnt any hope that we can get rid of the pollution Dmore people have been warned of the danger of more waste( )5From the passage we can know that now man Adoesnt know how to control pollution Bstill doesnt realize how serious pollution is Cis doing something to control pollutionDbegins to understand the pollution 参考答案1C 2B 3D 4A 5C【能力选练】 B2016中考英语阅读理解分类练习：记叙文She was returning from teaching out in a small community . It was a moonless night, and a heavy snow was falling. She remembered back to when she had first started teaching out in small communities. In those days she had always picked up hitchhikers (搭便车者), until the day her sister told her of a friend who had been shot (中枪) in the head by a hitchhiker, all because she had stopped out of kindness to help him during a storm. Her family didnt become concerned (关心的) about her safety over the hitchhikers until the family heard the promise: “No more hitchhikers!” The snow that night was making her think back to this. Then she saw a man waving. She slowed down for him, but now as he ran toward the car in the dark she shook with fear. Yet she thought that if he was truly in need she couldnt leave him here in this storm. The stranger explained that his car was dead, and she told him to get in. They drove for an hour into the next city and she took him to a telephone booth (公用电话亭). She waited until he had made a call. When he reported back to her that a family member would soon come for him, she wished him well and left. Tears fell on her cheeks as she drove away. She felt as though she had been holding her breath for an hour. “I hope theyll understand why I had to break my promise,” she thought.【小题1】What can we learn about the woman? AShe was a taxi driver. BShe used to be a hitchhiker.CShe taught in small communities.DShe seldom picked up strangers.【小题2】What made her family worried about her safety? AShe had been hurt by a hitchhiker.BHer sisters friend was killed by a hitchhiker.CThere were often snowstorms on her way home.DHer car often broke down on her way home.【小题3】We can infer from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph that _. Ashe was sorry for picking up the stranger.Bshe felt too tired to breathe.Cshe had been afraid being with the stranger.Dshe had been too careful driving in the storm.【能力选练】 C有些人为了要扩张耕地和工地面积，试图把湿地变成农田，变成建筑，可是这是决不行的！因为湿地对我们人类来说是十分重要的。 There are many wetlands（湿地） in China and some of them have become the worlds important wetlands. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng， Jiangsu Province. They are home for many different kinds of birds and animals. The worlds largest Milu Deer Nature Reserve（自然保护区） is in them. More than 700 milu deer live freely there. There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world， but every winter you can see some in the Red-crowned Cranes Nature Reserve in the Yellow Sea Wetlands.The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine， too. They are really good places for wildlife（野生生物）。 Offering food and home for some special kinds of animals and birds is not the only reason why we need to protect wetlands. Wetlands are important because they also prevent flood. But some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. This means there will be less and less space for wildlife.Luckily， more and more people are beginning to realize the important of wetlands and wildlife. Every year， on February 2nd， many activities are held to tell people more about wetlands. 根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。 1. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are in the _ of China. A. east B. south C. west D. north 2. Usually the weather in the wetlands is _. A. hot B. pleasant C. cold D. dry 3. The World Wetlands Day is on _. A. April 22 B. June 25 C. February 2 D. March 22 4. We must protect wetlands because _. A. they are home for wildlife B. they can prevent flood C. they can offer food to the animals and birds D. all of the above 5. The best title for the passage is _. A. Chinas Wetlands Have All Entered the Worlds List B. WetlandsHome for Wildlife and Human Beings C. Special Animals in the Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands D. WetlandsValuable Recourses（珍贵资源） of Land on the Earth 答案与解析 1. 选A.从第1段的句子The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng， Jiangsu Province. 和地理知识可知，江苏省是在中国的东部，故选A. 2. 选B.由第2段的句子The temperature in the wetland is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine， too.可知，湿地的气温不高也不低，雨量充沛，阳光充足，这样的天气不是很pleasant吗？ 3. 选C.文章最后一句告诉我们在每年的February 2nd，有许多的关于湿地的活动举行，所以这一天就是世界湿地日。 4. 选D.短文的第1段讲述了They are home for many different kinds of birds and animals.（湿地是许多野生动物的家园）；第2段又讲述了湿地Offering food and home for some special kinds of animals 以及Wetlands are important because they also prevent flood.所以答案为D.5. 选B.根据第4题我们就可知道本文列举了湿地的重要性，所以B选项最佳。【能力选练】 D（2019中考科普环保类选练）The world is not only hungry but also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 70%of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97%of that is sea water or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%of fresh water from rivers, lakes, underground and so on. And we can not even use all of that because some of it has been made dirty. Earth Day is April 22. But on all other days, we must also remember how important water is. The water that we use is the most important natural resource on the earth. Today we face serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. All kinds of things from cars, factories, farms and homes make our rivers, lakes and oceans dirty. Polluted water is very bad for people to drink. And dirty water is bad for fish, too. How do cars and factories make our water dirty? First they pollute the air. Then when it rains, the rain water makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain, called acid rain（酸雨）, is also bad for plants, animals and buildings. Scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world wont have enough dean water. We have to learn how to stop wasting water. One of the first steps is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water i used only once and then sere out into a sewer system（下水道）. From there it returns to the sea or goes underground. But even though every large city reused its water, we would still not have enough. So we should make use of sea water by removing the salt in it. If we can take these steps, fresh water wont be used up.1. The world is thirsty for water because_.Awe dont have enough fresh waterBa lot of water goes into sewer systemsConly 70% of the earths surface is waterDsea water is widely used rather than fresh water2. The underlined word face means_.Aturn the face downBturn the face upCturn the face to Dturn the face back3. From this passage, we know acid rain_.Ais only bad for living thingsBis not bad for buildings and factoriesCcan be produced in factoriesDis bad for people, animals, plants and buildings4. One difficult way we can solve the problem is to _.Ause the water with salt in it Bremove the salt from sea waterCget water from underground Dreuse the water in cities5. What is the best title for this passage?AFresh water and sea water BA thirsty countryCThe importance of water DThe worlds water problem参考答案ACDBD【能力选练】 E（2019中考选练）What a father had done now has been redone by his son. US video game magnate(大亨) Richard Garriott headed into space aboard a Russian rocket watched by his father, a NASA astronaut who went into space at the height of the Cold War.The Russian Soyuz TMA13 spacecraft lifted off in clear weather from the Baikonur Cosmodrome on the Kazakh steppe(大草原) just after 1 pm local time.A video game developer from Texas, Garriott paid $ 30 million to fly into space alongside US astronaut Michael Fincke and Russian cosmonaut Yury Lonchakov.Garriotts father, Owen, watched the launch through telescopes on an observation platform and Garriotts girlfriend, Kelly Miller, burst into tears. “I am very happy for him. It is one of the things he really wanted to do，” Miller said as others opened champagne to celebrate the successful launch.“I can see he is really enjoying it like a little kid in the candy shop , ” Miller said. Space officials said the Soyuz rocket had reached orbisafely and would dock with the International Space Station (ISS) in about two days.“He made it; he made it into orbit. It is marvelous，” said Owen Garriott, a physicist who was selected as an astronaut by NASA for his scientific background. He spent 60 days in space in 1973 and ano