英语句型转换专题.doc

句型转换专题一、 句型转换分类A. 单、复数句的转换原则：时态、语态、人称、数的变化B. 肯定句、否定句、疑问句的转换C. 陈述句、感叹句、疑问句转换D. 主动、被动句的转换E. 简单句、并列句、复合句的转换e.g 1. Both of the players are very popular in Korea. _ of the players _ very popular in Korea. 2. Its raining very heavily. _ _ it is raining! 3. I heard Jenny play/playing the piano yesterday. (passive voice) 4. Jerry saw the thief caught by a lot of people. (passive voice) 二、 简单句（simple sentence）、并列句(compound sentence)、复合句(complex sentence)转换1. 复合句与并列句之间的转换英语中的并列句在一定的条件下可转换为含有条件、时间、结果、让步、原因等的复合句；而反过来复合句也可以转换为并列句。A.并列句转换成复合句方法：把其中的一个分句转化为从句，再根据句意在从句前加上相应的从属连词。(1) Its foggy today，so we cant see the distant hills(2) Study hard，and you will get good marksB.复合句转换为并列句方法：把一个从句转换为一个分句，再加上一个合适的并列连词（或者分号）(1)If you study hard，you will make great progress in your English studies Cand 连接的并列句有时可转换为so .that句型 Mr. Johnson was tired and he couldnt move any more. D. or连接的并列句有时可转换为if . not 或unless引导的条件状语从句+主句 （1）Start right now, or youll be late for class.（2）I must go now or I shall be late for the birthday party.2. 简单句与并列句之间的相互转换A. 简单句转换为并列句,把简单句中的某一短语转变为并列句中的一个分句。(1) Tom is too young to go to school(2) She got up very early to meet her parents at the stationB. 并列句转换为简单句，把其中的一个分句变为短语，这一短语通常是介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语等。(1) They cancelled their trip to Yellow Mountain for it rained heavily(2) Catherine wanted to become a college student，so she studied harda. 用both . and进行转换Mary went to park and Tom went there too.b. 用neither . nor进行转换Smith didnt want to visit the city and Mr. Brown didnt, either.c. 用either . or进行转换We will go to the park or we will stay at home.3. 复合句和简单句的转换 a. so . that 句型中，当that从句是肯定形式时，可以转换成enough . to 句型；当that从句是否定形式时，可以转换成too . to 句型。当主句与从句的主语不一致时，可以由介词for引出表示动作的执行者或承受者。 e.g 1. He was so old that he could go to school by himself. 2. It was so bright in the room that his mother could be operated on. 3. It was so dark that he couldnt see the faces of his companions. b. in order that引导的目的状语从句可以转换成in order (not) to结构；so that引导的目的状语从句可以转换成so as (not) to结构。当主句与从句的主语不一致时，in order (not) to或so as (not) to后接不定式的被动式。 e.g 1. They set out early in order that they could arrive at the station in time. 2. I did this so that I might have some weeks to prepare my report. 3. Speak clearly so that they may understand you. c. in order that引导的目的状语从句可以转换成in order (not) to结构；so that引导的目的状语从句可以转换成so as (not) to结构。当主句与从句的主语不一致时，in order (not) to或so as (not) to后接不定式的被动式。 e.g 1. They set out early in order that they could arrive at the station in time. 2. I did this so that I might have some weeks to prepare my report. 3. Speak clearly so that they may understand you. .状语从句和短语互换的情形很多，常用现在分词和过去分词来替代状语从句，表示时间、原因、条件；用不定式短语来替代状语从句，表示目的、结果、原因；另外介词短语可以和表示时间、原因、条件、让步等状语从句互换。e.g 1. They started off early so that they could catch the first bus. 2.I could swim when I was eight years old 3. If we were given more time，we could do the job much betterd.简单句或复合句转换成强调句强调句的句型结构为“It is / was+ 被强调部分 + that / who+ 其他成分”。如果被强调部分表示人时，既可以用who，也可以用that；如果表示物或其它时，只能用that。e.g 1. Professor Wang is talking on the phone. (emphasis) 2. My friend Kate who was my high school classmate visited me yesterday. 3. When I was about to go to bed, the telephone rang.Exercise1. He was so excited. He couldnt say a word.2. Jim gets up early. Jim wants to catch the first bus.3. He is a 5-year child.