全新版大学英语综合教程册Unit语言点.doc

Language Points of Book 4 Unit 1 Text A1. In the case of: as far asis concerned The rise in interest rate will be disastrous in the case of small firms.In the case of a highly intelligent animal like the seal, elementary training is easyIn the case of a physical change, no new substance is formed.2. Raw: cold and wet; not cooked, refined, processed, organized or analyzedThis cutting board is only used to cut raw meat.Industrial plants processed the raw material into finished products for export and for domestic consumption. The events took place on a raw February morning. What do u prefer for the steak? Raw? Medium? Well Done?3. Launch: start; send on its courseBeginning in the early 1960s, humans launched probes to explore other planets. He launched into a long speech about the danger of taking drugs.Launch a campaign/ satellite/ movementlaunch a ship/ an artificial satellite/ launch ones son into the world/ a new enterprise Duringthepast20years,Procter&Gamble,theworldsmostmagnificentmarketingmachine,haslaunchedmanymagnificentbrandsincludingOilofOlay and Pantene. launch an attacklaunch a massive campaignlaunch a company4. conquer: take control of by force The year 1939 had witnessed the conquest of Poland by Germany.The pianist made a conquest of every audience for which she played. 5. retreat: move back or withdraw when faced with danger or difficulty After a fierce battle, the troops retreated southward.We adopted the following strategies: when the enemy advances, we retreat; when they retreat, we pursue. 6. Be/get bogged down: be unable to make progressThe local government got bogged down in problems of how to handle the emission of hazardous chemicals by industrial facilities.7. crucial: very important (followed by to)Amazingly, our soccer team won the victory in the crucial final game.Improved consumer confidence is crucial to economic recovery. Syn. Vital ,essential, critical, decisive8. press on/ ahead continue doing sth. in a determined wayOur school authorities are keen to press on with educational reform.Organizers of the strike are determined to press on. Cf. drag on9. Bide ones time wait patiently for a chanceHis political rivals are biding their time for an attack on his policies.Our neighbor seems to be doing nothing, but in fact hes just biding his time. Drag on move slowly and with effort; continue endlessly and tediously10. At the cost of with the loss ofBerman saved Johnson at the cost of his own life.The local government developed its economy but at the cost of environment. He worked hard at the cost of his health.11. Caught off guard: taken completely by surpriseThe bodyguard was caught off guard when a crazy female fan pushed her way amid the crowd of reporters toward Beckham asking for a signature from him.The invitation to his wedding caught me off guard.The manager didnt know what to say, it was clear that my question had caught him off guard.12. Invasion an entering or being entered by an attacking military forceOn Hitlers orders, the invasion of Poland began on September 1,1939. invade sb.s rightsa body invaded by diseasea mind invaded by worry and anxietyThe town was invaded by a crowd of tourists.13. Render: cause (sb.sth) to be in a specified conditionThe drug will render the tiger harmless for up to two hours.The news rendered her speechless.He was rendered unconscious by a blow on the back of the neck. Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the earthquake.14. Offensive: aggressive action, attackThe Red Army brought its winter offensive to a successful conclusion. an offensive odor/ gesture/ weapons.an offensive remark; disgusting language; a loathsome disease; a nasty smell; 15. Reckon: count; consider; thinkDo you still reckon him among your friends ?.Many people reckon him to be a great basketball player. reckon on sb.s help16. toll 1) the number of people or animals killed or injured in particular circumstances 2) money paid for the use of a bridge, road, etc.The death toll rose from 270 in 1952 to 5,000 in1954 Each car must pay a toll to cross the bridge.Useful Expressions of Book 4 Unit 1 Text A1骄兵必败pride comes before a fall2激烈的抵抗fierce resistance3堪称无敌be unequaled4势如破竹/势不可挡mow down resistance5痛苦的教训a painful lesson6施以援手come to the aid of 7训练有素，装备精良Be well trained and equipped8速战速决a quick, decisive victory9面临一个关键的抉择be faced with a crucial decision10孤注一掷辞职take the gamble of quitting the job11激战fierce battle12熊熊大火A raging fire13等待时机bide ones time14变成噩梦turn into a nightmare15意外的好运By a stroke of luck16以牺牲健康为代价At the cost of health17不宣而战without a declaration of war18猝不及防/措手不及Be caught off guard19焦土政策“scorch the earth” 20步步逼近边境draw closer and closer to the border21停车Bring the car to a halt22发动反攻/ 突袭launch a counterattack/ surprise attack on23时乖命蹇turn the tide against24战争带来了难以言喻的伤痛The war brings unspeakable suffering25把自然因素考虑在内Reckon with the element of nature26低估问题的严重性Underestimate the severity of the problemUseful Expressions of Book 4 Unit 1 Text B1军事行动Military expedition 2周密安排Set everything in pace3打开通路open the way for4安排在（某一天）Be scheduled for5留下安全系数Allow a safety margin6希望微乎其微Hold out little hope that 7面临严峻的现实Be faced with the grim reality8希望渺茫A thin ray of hope9意见不一divided opinion10被打的措手不及Take completely by surprise11努力完成任务Struggle to achieve ones goal/accomplish tasks12各种各样的武器A vast array of weapons13战前Prior to the war14身体虚弱In poor shape15为无家可归的人提供庇护Provide shelter for the homeless16大雾中能见度极差Poor visibility in the fog17对事故负有部分责任Be partially responsible for the accident18崩溃Lay in ruinsB4U1T1 Language Points1. fiercefierce animalfierce heat/stormfierce anger/ragefierce opposition/resistance fierce competitionfierce efforts to get ahead =enormous2. rawraw meatraw material raw data 原始的raw hand/recruits 新手的raw frontier 未开发的边疆life in the raw 原生态raw weather 阴冷的3. bleakbleak prospect/outlook/future 黯淡的These are bleak times for many shareholders. a bleak winters day 阴冷的4. launchlaunch a satellite/spaceship/shiplaunch a war against sblaunch (out) a new productlaunch an ad campaign 5. mightmilitary might 军力the might of the U.S. army mighty adj. a mighty king 强有力的the mighty Mississippi River 雄伟的 The pen is mightier than the sword.Almighty God 6. unequaled =unparallel, unrivalled We offer an unequaled level of service. 最佳的7. come to the aid of = come/go to sbs rescue 8. be taught a painful lesson9. conquestfor the conquest of this rare disease 10. engage The two armies engaged at dawn.engage the enemy 交战cf. engage in business activities 11. cruciala crucial plan/test/decision 关系重大的It is absolutely crucial that (should)The dea is crucial to the future of the company.12. take a/the gambleShe is taking a gamble setting up her own business like that.Cf. gambleonI was unwilling to gamble my career on that matter. 13. raging fireraging wind /sea /storm 肆虐的raging inflation 剧烈的a raging tooth /headache the rage of the sea/storm 狂暴14. bide ones time 等待良机15. turn into a nightmare /disaster 16. drag on Time drags on when you have nothing to do.The negotiation dragged (on) until midnight.The last part of the play dragged a little. 拖沓17. gather ones strength 养精蓄锐18. swollen river swollen eyes/left cheek 肿He was swollen by the victory. 得意忘形swollen-headed 骄傲的19. trapset a trapbe caught in a trapFor some women marriage is a trap. 困境，羁绊20. by a stroke of lucka stroke of lightning What a stroke of misfortune! 真倒霉！suffer from a stroke 中风Which stroke do you prefer, butterfly or crawl? 游泳姿势 at/in one stroke 一下子21. limpwalk with a limp22. form an allianceenter a defensive alliance in alliance with 与合作23. go into exileHe was living in Egypt in exile. 流亡an exile government 24. tacticsdelaying tactics 缓兵之计25. thrusthide the book under his pillow with a quick thrust knife thrusts 26. be caught off guard27. render1) render sb + adj.His illness rendered him unfit for se