连系动词用法一点通.doc

连系动词用法一点通贵州省余庆县白泥中学 郑代国邮编：564400 电话E-mail: Z连系动词看似非常简单，其实连系动词是中学英语中的重要语法项目之一，同时，它也是历届中考考查的重点和热点。现将连系动词的用法分析归纳如下，以期对英语学习者有所帮助。一、概念连系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与后面表语一起构成谓语。表语通常由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当，说明主语是什么或怎么样。 二、分类连系动词大致可以分为三类： 1“存在”类：表示存在或具有某种特征或状态。这类连系动词强调“存在”。常见的连系动词有：be，look，feel，seem，appear，prove，smell，taste，sound等。 be意为“是，在，存在，成为”。如：What are you going to be when you grow up? 你长大了想干什么？ look意为“看上去，显得”。如：She looked a little tired.她看起来有点疲倦。 seem意为“好像，似乎，仿佛”。如：She seemed an honest woman.她看上去是个老实人。 feel意为“感觉到，摸起来”。如： This skirt feels soft.这条裙子摸起来很柔软。 sound意为“听起来”。如：Her idea sounded great.她的主意听起来很不错。 taste意为“尝起来有的味道”。如 The food tastes good.那些食物味道很好。 smell意为“闻上去”The flowers smell sweet.这些花芳香袭人。 appear意为“看起来(好像)”It appears a true story.这似乎是个真实的故事。2“持续”类：表示某种情况或状态的持续。这类连系动词强调“持续”。常见的连系动词有：remain，keep，stay，continue，stand等。 stand意为“处于某种状态”。如：The door stood open.门开着。 remain意为“仍然、保持”。如：The weather still remained cold in April.虽然时节已进入四月，天气仍然还很冷。 stay意为“保持某种状态”。如：Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It will stay fresh for several days keep意为“保持”。如：Keep quiet, please.请保持安静。3“变化”类：表示由一种情况或状态变化成另一种情况或状态。这类连系动词强调“变化”后的情况或状态。常见的连系动词有：become，turn，grow，go等。 become意为“变成，成为”。如：Edison finally became a great inventor.爱迪生最后成了一名伟大的发明家。 get意为“变得”。如：The weather gets warmer and the days get longer in spring.春天天气越来越暖和，白天越来越长。 grow意为“渐渐变得”。如：It was growing dark.天色渐渐暗下来。 turn意为“变，变成”。如：The leaves are turning yellow.树叶慢慢地变黄了。 go意为“变为”。如： Eggs can go bad easily in summer.夏季，鸡蛋容易变坏。 fall意为“进入某种状态，变得”。如：His horse fell lame.他的马瘸了。三、注意事项 1通常连系动词不用于被动语态和进行时态中。如： Do you like the material? Yes, it feels very soft. 2一般情况下，连系动词后主要跟形容词或分词作表语。如： Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may get run over by a car. 3能跟名词作表语的连系动词常见的有：be, become, appear, seem, prove, remain和turn等。 如：The population growth in China remains a problem. 注意：turn后跟表示主语身份的名词作表语时，不加冠词。如： Twenty years later, he turned teacher. 4连系动词后可跟名词、形容词、副词、代词、介词（短语）、数词、动名词、动词不定式或从句等。如： His wish is to be a singer.（不定式作表语） Her job is looking after the baby. （动名词短语作表语） The problem is who can do that.（从句作表语） 5各种句型的变化若一个肯定句中的连系动词是be，那么把它变为否定句或疑问句时，无须再借助于其它的助动词。如：The flowers are beautiful. Are the flowers beautiful? The flowers are not beautiful. 若一个肯定句中的连系动词是除be外的其它连系动词，在进行各种句式变换时，则要根据不同的时态、人称和数借助不同的助动词（do, does, did）。如：Her face turned red. Did her face turn red? Her face did not turn red. They look well. Do they look well? They do not look well. 6连系动词的兼职有些动词既可以用作实义动词，又可以用作连系动词。另外be还可用作助动词。它们的用法不同，词义和句型结构也有所不同。如：Look at the blackboard, please.请看黑板。(look用作实义动词) He looks a little tired.他略显疲倦。(look用作连系动词) They are at work.他们在工作。(are用作连系动词) They are working.他们正在工作。(are用作助动词，帮助构成现在进行时) 经典试题演练1. _ everyone here today? A. Be B. Are C. Is D. Am2. Harry is older than I. But he _ younger than I. A. look B. looks C. looked D. looking3. It _ like the singing of the birds.A. sounds B. looks C. smells D. tastes 4. This kind of cake tastes _. A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well5. The children all looked _ at the broken model plane and felt quite _.A. sad, sad B. sadly, sadly C. sad, sadly D. sadly, sad6. This kind of paper _ nice. A. feel B. felt C. is feeling D. feels7. This math problem is _ and I can do it _. A. easy, easily B. easily, easily C. easy, easy D. easily, easy8. Coffee is ready. How nice it _! Would you like some?A. looks B. smells C. sounds D. feels 9. In winter the days _ colder and colder. A. gets B. getting C. got D. get 10. He _ pale at the thought. A. got B. looked C. turned D. seemed【答案详解】1. C。当复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。2. B。根据句意和前句时态，后句应用一般现在时。3. A。根据语境，只有sounds(听起来)符合题意。looks意为“看起来”，smells意为“闻起来”，tastes 意为“尝起来”。4. A。连系动词taste后应接形容词作表语。5. D。根据句意，句中的look at是行为动词，所以修饰此动词时应用副词；在连系