对口单招英语考纲解读及试卷分析-苏州网上教师学校.ppt

对口单招英语考纲解读 及试卷分析,苏州市教育科学研究院 薛群颖 2010.7.28,主要内容,一、关于测试 二、关于考纲 三、关于试卷 四、关于命题,Warming-up,猜一猜,非谓语动词考查难度例举,She used to _ with her parents, but now she is used to _ with her classmates at school. A. live, living B. live, live C. living, living D. living, live _ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog. A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten,What is a good language test?,A good language test is checking all language abilities. A good language test is the one that concerns a varied tasks, such as speaking, listening, reading and grammar. Also, tests on vocabulary are necessary, however, it should not be the main part of the exam. A good language test is a test with a lot of different parts. Not just grammar. It is too much. The best test is an essay test, because there you test a lot of different things at the same time.,一、关于测试,Evaluation Assessment Examination Testing,I. Definitions,Evaluate: find out, decide, the amount or value of Assess: decide or fix the amount of Examine: look at carefully in order to learn about or from Test: examination or trial to find its quality, value, composition, etc.; trial or examination (of sb. His powers, knowledge, skill, etc. ),II. Relationships and functions,测试,What can not be tested?,不适合检查动手操作能力 不适合考查创造思维能力 不适合描述学习变化过程,III. Types of testing,Purposes: Achievement test Proficiency test Diagnosis test Placement test,Methods: Objective testing Subjective testing Results: Norm-referenced test Criterion-referenced test,Objective testing items,True-false items Matching items Completion items Multiple-choice items,IV. Principles of language testing,Reliability(信度) Validity(效度) Practicality(实用性),Reliability,同一个人在不同场合参加同一测试或参加内容与难度相当的不同测试，其成绩保持一致的程度。 A.Anastasi （心理测验专家）,Validity,效度是衡量一个评价工具的内容对于所要检查的教学目标的测量准确度。 当代学生课业评价蔡敏,二、关于考纲,考纲研读 完成练习 分析思考,旧大纲,新大纲,Why is listening test important?,听力是语言能力的重要组成部分，它与阅读一样，是吸取语言信息的手段。同时，它与说话相结合，构成了人类社会重要的交际手段。 在人类交际中，有50%与听的活动有关。 一般来说，听与说能力的强弱是正相关的关系。 外语教育展望左焕琪,三、关于试卷,1.高考试卷与单招试卷的结构对比 2.高考与单招考试单项选择部分的内容对比 3.单招试卷评分标准研读,四、关于命题,命题策略 比一比 练一练,如何命制选择题？,1.题干要提供较充足的语言情境 2.选项中共同的内容可放在题干中 3.选项的内容与语言应平行、对等，属同一类型 4.选项避免正反两种观点成对出现 5.测试的内容避免牵涉到语言以外的知识 6.答案不能凭常识就能猜对 7.答案不能与材料中的语言，特别是单词完全相同,如何命制完形填空题？,1.以测试考生的阅读能力为主要目的 2.考生需具有语言运用能力及概括、分析与推断能力 3.第一句应保持完整 4.留空越多难度越大 5.留空间隔至少8-10词,如何命制阅读理解题？,1. 在扫读测试中，题目应按答案在文中出现的次序排列，随机出题可能会降低测试的信度。 2. 不要给出无需理解文章就能找到答案的题目。,如何命制主观题？,1.题目陈述要准确，答题说明和具体要求清晰 2.评分指南要清楚，包含基本要点或答题思路，要点的得分说明，答题的基本要求，如答案长度、语言组织、书写字迹等。,比一比（单项选择题）,比一比,Passage A Passage B,练一练,The life of American women changed a lot during the 1920s. More women started working outside the home. The U.S. Government gave women the right to vote in election. Womens look also changed. In the past, they had long hair. Now many women in the big cities had very short hair. Instead of long, heavy dresses, women now wore short ones. They showed their arms and legs. They started wearing a hat from France which was called the “cloche”. Today we may think these hats look strange,but they were cool in the 1920s.,During the 1960s, young people started wearing clothing that was completely different from their parents clothes. They didnt want to look dressy or be in style. They wanted to be different. Jeans were popular. T-shirts often had words or pictures on