形容词、副词的比较级和最高级.ppt

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 大多数的形容词、副词有三个级：原级、比较级、最高级,一、构成 1一、规则变化、 a.单音节和 部分双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成 1.一般在词尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest 2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest 3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest 4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est，例如，big-bigger-biggest b.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级 例如，slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful,二.不规则变化,温馨提示,一 .双写末尾辅音字母再加-er,-est的词有 hot , fat , thin, big, red 二.由形容词+ly构成的副词，其比较级、最高级前加more, most 例如：slowly-more slowly-most slowly quickly-more quickly-most quickly 三. older ,oldest (表示年龄的大小） elder, eldest(表示兄弟姐妹的长幼关系） 例如：my elder sister 我的姐姐 He is the oldest in my class. My elder brother is two years older than I. 四. farther, farthest (指距离） further,furthest (指深度） 例如：He is so tired that he can hardly walk any farther. You can understand the text further.,原级的用法,1. 有too, very, so, quite, enough, really等词修饰时用原级 so big, very hot, easy enough 2. 和一样 用“as+原级+ as” She is as tall as you. He swims as well as Tom.,3.不如/没有 用 “not as (so)+原级 +as ” （在否定句中可用so 来代替as）如 例如: This room is not as/so big as that one. 这个房间不如那个大。 He doesnt walk as slowly as you. 他走路不像你 那 样慢。,4. 表示倍数，如一半/twice/three times/four timesas+原级+as的结构。 例如：这个房间是那个房间的4倍大。 This room is four times as big as that one. 我学习努力的程度是你的两倍。 I study twice as hard as you.,一、两者比较用比较级 1、Whos (tall) ,you or he? 2、 Which is (big), this cup or that one? 3、This river is longer than that one.,比较级的用法,2、有much（的多）, far（的多）, even（甚至）,a little, a bit（有点）等修饰时用比较级。 a little ( tall) much (good) even (beautiful) far (careful),3、“比较级+and+比较级”，表示“越来越” 越来越苗条 越来越胖 越来越好 越来越美 越来越有趣,4、用“the+比较级， the+比较级”表示“越.就越.” A、越多越好 B、你锻炼的越多，你就越健康。 The you take exercise, the you are. C、你学的越仔细，你出错越少。 The you study, the mistakes you make.,5、years older/younger than 大/小几岁 我比你大五岁。 Im than you. Tom比John小三岁。 Tom is than John.,比较级前加定冠词的情况 一、与of the two连用，表示“两者中较的一个” He is (strong) of the two. 二、形容词比较级后面有名词时，其前应加the Which is the more develop country, the USA or China?,注意 用more 来修饰或代替复数名词，用many 来修饰，而不用much. There are many more workers in this factory than in that one.,最高级的用法,三者以上比较用最高级。形容词最高级前必须加the,副词最高级前可省the。且形容词最高级前有物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，则不用the. a. the best book his best book the most beautiful building,最高级的用法,Which is (最大),the sun, the moon or the earth? Im (strong) in my class. Who runs (fast), Tom, John or tony? Who jumps (far), Mary, Lucy or Lily?,in和of,in, of 短语表示比较范围。 in +地点，of+人或数量。数量前无限定词，必须加the The pen is (expensive) of the four. He is (strong) of us three. The Changjiang River is (long) river in China.,最高级的用法,表示“最之一”用“one of +形容词的最高级+名词的复数”。如： China is one of (big) countries. This is one of (good) films that I hav