物理化学复习题给学生.docVIP

romoting the construction of rule of law, but also the most basic development environment. Despite my good social order in General, but there are law-abiding consciousness, social order is not standard, regardless of faith, Twining visit visit and other outstanding problems. We want to actively promote the field of multi-level governance according to law, promote the continuous improvement of the social environment. To promote universal compliance. Actively foster the rule of law culture, carry out law publicity and education on honesty and trustworthiness, guide the masses and consciously abide by the law, failing to find method, problem-solving method, method of gradually changing the world, he is not looking for but someone unspoken rules, formed all law law, abide by the good atmosphere. To strengthen the comprehensive management of public security. Deepening peace xingan construction, strongly against violence crime, mafia and serious criminal offences, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons, carry out criminal policy of temper justice with mercy, the maximum stimulating social vitality, and earnestly safeguard social harmony and stability. To resolve social conflicts by law. To further smooth channels of reporting social conditions and public opinion, improving regulation, arbitration, as wellrelationship between Government and business. The two sessions, General Secretary of Pro, clear the word succinctly summarized the new relationship between Government and business, as pure politics, reshaping the political relationship specified in the direction. District leaders in handling political and business relations, engage in trading power for money, and finally stumbled, we a lesson, always keep in mind that Pro, clean practicing Pro, clear. Pro is to open a sincere engagement with private enterprise to help solve practical difficulties; Clear is to clarify the Division of power, exercised in accordance with, private entrepreneurs with innocent purity, not abusing power for personal gain, not to engage in trading power for money. Third, in order to maintain fairness and justice. Fairness and justice is the lifeline of the rule of law, is the best development environment. Currently, lax law enforcement and the judicial sector in our region also exist to varying degrees, law enforcement departments and individual window units power for personal gains and bribes, thick friends, relations, human cases, money cases in which seriously infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises and people. Especially some law enforcement and inspection for profit purposes, deliberately looking for corporate loopholes, found directly under the ticket does not give business improvement opportunities. We recruit a company doesnt easily, cultivating a business more difficult, never for personal gain, systematic harassment, card, last checked to check to get the enterprise collapsed. To guarantee the legitimate rights and interests. Always proceed from the overall situation of reform and development of services, fully consider the characteristics of production and management in non-public enterprises and social benefits, an accurate grasp of legal limits, protect the enthusiasm of entrepreneurs and practitioners in innovation and entrepreneurship, enhancing expectations and confidence. To promote strict enforcement. Strengthening law enforcement procedures, improve law enforcement performance evaluation, strengthening the supervision of law enforcement, exploration and practice of risk control mechanism of law enforcement to further standardize the social security, urban management, road traffic administrative law enforcement, effectively free, extensive law-enforcement and lax enforcement of law enforcement and other issues. To uphold justice. Justice is the last line of Defense to safeguard fairness and justice, to unequivocally support the courts and procuratorates independently exercise level . Judicial activities were rampant, must not be allowed to run, favors, money, must not be allowed to knowingly violate the miscarriage, violations of the legitimate rights and interests of the masses must not be allowed to abuse of power, to make forest mass can be felt in every judicial cases in equity and justice. Four to deepen grass-roots governance according to law一、单项选择题（ ）8某温度时,反应的，则反应 的为A5 B C25 D（ ）10升高温度可以增加反应速率,主要是因为A增加了分子总数B增加了活化分子百分比C降低了反应的活化能D升高了反应活化能 （ ）11反应，则对NO而言,反应的级数是A4 B2 C1 D不确定（ ）12 ，下列变化中，不影响平衡状态的是 A升高温度 B加大压力C延长反应时间 D通入（ ）13下列说法正确的是A催化剂能增加反应物的转化率B催化剂能增加反应的平衡常数C催化剂只能增加正反应的反应速度D催化剂能同等程度地改变正、逆反应的反应速度（ ）16在描述一级反应的特征时，那一点是不正确的A对时间作图将为一条直线B半衰期与反应物起始浓度成反比C反应物消耗的百分数相同时，所需的时间一样（同一反应）D速率常数的单位为（时间）1 D （ ）5n摩尔单原子理想气体恒压下温度从变到，等于ABCD（ ）7下列函数中不是状态函数的是A焓 B热力学能 C热 D熵（ ）15中、的化学计量数分别为A B C D（ ）4不可逆过程热温商与熵变ds的关系是A相等BC为零D（ ）8下列哪一个反应的焓变等于的标准摩尔生成焓ABCD（ ）1半衰期为10天的某放射形元素8克，40天后其净重为多少克A0.5克 B2.0克 C4.2克 D不能确定（ ）5已知反应的，要有利于取得有毒气体和的最大转化率，可采取的措施是A低温低压B高温高压C低温高压D高温低压 （ ）7下列条件改变时，能影响标准平衡常数改变的是A总压强 B浓度 C温度 D分压（ ）8元反应在一定温度下进行，不变，增加为原来的两倍，则反应速率增加到原来的A2倍 B4倍 C9倍 D不变（ ）9对一个化学反应来说，下列说法正确的是A越负，反应速率越快B越小，反应速率越快C活化能越小，反应速率越快D活化能越大，反应速率越快（ ）12化学反应达到平衡的特征是A各反应物和生成物的浓度相等B正反应和逆反应的速率常数相等C反应物和生成物浓度之和等于常数D体系中各物质的浓度不随时间而变（ ）16若，。达到平衡时，再送入一定量的，则平衡常数、反应商和反应的吉布斯函数变的关系为ABCD（ ）12 ，下列变化中，不影响平衡状态的是 A升高温度 B加大压力C延长反应时间 D通入10.绝热过程的特点是（ ）AW=0 B.Q=0 C.H=0 D.P不变1热力学第一定律的数学表达式为：A、 U=Q+W； B 、 U=Qv； C 、 U=QW； D、 U=W2.在等容、无非体积功条件下进行反应的过程中：A、 H=qp ； B 、U= qv ； C、G =H-TS ； D、 S=H3敞开系统是指系统与环境之间：A 既有物质交换 ，又有能量交换； B 只有物质交换；C 既没有物质交换，也没有物质交换； D 只有能量交换8如果某一体系从状态A变到状态B有两种途径：途径一是经C到B状态；途径二是经D到E，最后到B状态。体系内能的改变值为：（）（A）U 0 （B）U 0，则该反应不一定不能自发进行。（）1不可逆过程的G小于零。 （ ）4（）相同质量的石墨和金刚石，在相同条件下燃烧时放出的热量相等。6（）在298K时，最稳定纯态单质的均为零。四、简答题五、计算题3已知某有机酸在水溶液中发生分解反应，时，时，试计算：（1）该反应的活化能；（2）在时的速率常数。11mol理想气体在298K时由1000kPa等温膨胀至100kPa，假设过程为： 可逆过程； 在等外压100kPa下膨胀； 向真空膨胀。计算上述各过程的、 2已知氧化汞分解的反应式及有关的热力学数据： HgO(s)Hg(l)O2(g) -58.500-90.800 计算该反应的，并指出在298.15K和标准条件下自发进行的方向。 计算该反应的。 计算该反应的。（设、均与无关）。3有一水蒸气锅炉，能耐压，问此锅炉加热到什么温度有爆炸的危险？已知水的摩尔蒸发焓为，可当作常数。11mol理想气体在273K，经以下2种过程从22.4dm3膨胀到44.8dm3，计算多过程的、。（1）可逆膨胀；（2）系统做功4.8J的不可逆过程。2已知乙醇的正常沸点为78，计算1mol液态乙醇在78，100kPa时变为气态乙醇的、以及和（已知：78，100kPa时乙醇的汽化热为3953kJ.mol-1，且将乙醇蒸气看作理想气体）。365时 气相分解的速率常数为0.292，80其半衰期为0.498min。试计算该反应的活化能。11mol理想气体在273K，经以下2种过程从22.4dm3膨胀到44.8dm3，计算多过程的Q、W、U、H、S、F和G。（1）可逆膨胀；（2）系统做功4.8J的不可逆过程。（14分）4已知乙醇的正常沸点为78，计算1mol液压乙醇在78，100kPa时变为气态乙醇的U、H、S、F和G，（已知：78、100kPa时乙醇的汽化热为3953KJmol-1，且将乙醇蒸汽看作理想气体）（6分）5已知反应=HCl(g)在298k时的K1=4.91016,rHm(298k) = -92.31KJmol-1。求500k时的K2值，若温度不变，将总压力变为原来的2倍，平衡会怎样移动。12mol，300K，50dm3理想气体，在等温条件下膨胀至100 dm3，假定过程为：1）可逆过程；2）对抗恒定外压为100kPa膨胀； 计算上述各过程的、。保证的概念：保证人和债权人约定，当债务人不履行债务时，保证人按照约定履行债务或者承担责任的行为。保证人，有代为清偿能力的法人、其他组织或者公民，可以作为保证人。法律禁止作为保证人的情形romoting the construction of rule of law, but also the most basic development environment. Despite my good social order in General, but there are law-abiding consciousness, social order is not standard, regardless of faith, Twining visit visit and other outstanding problems. We want to actively promote the field of multi-level governance according to law, promote the continuous improvement of the social environment. To promote universal compliance. Actively foster the rule of law culture, carry out law publicity and education on honesty and trustworthiness, guide the masses and consciously abide by the law, failing to find method, problem-solving method, method of gradually changing the world, he is not looking for but someone unspoken rules, formed all law law, abide by the good atmosphere. To strengthen the comprehensive management of public security. Deepening peace xingan construction, strongly against violence crime, mafia and serious criminal offences, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons, carry out criminal policy of temper justice with mercy, the maximum stimulating social vitality, and earnestly safeguard social harmony and stability. To resolve social conflicts by law. To further smooth channels of reporting social conditions and public opinion, improving regulation, arbitration, as wellGrass-roots governance according to law is an important foundation for promoting the construction of rule of law, but also the most basic development environment. Despite my good social order in General, but there are law-abiding consciousness, social order is not standard, regardless of faith, Twining visit visit and other outstanding problems. We want to actively promote the field of multi-level governance according to law, promote the continuous improvement of the social environment. To promote universal compliance. Actively foster the rule of law culture, carry out law publicity and education on honesty and trustworthiness, guide the masses and consciously abide by the law, failing to find method, problem-solving method, method of gradually changing the world, he is not looking for but someone unspoken rules, formed all law law, abide by the good atmosphere. To strengthen the comprehensive management of public security. Deepening peace xingan construction, strongly against violence crime, mafia and serious criminal offences, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons, carry out criminal policy of temper justice with mercy, the maximum stimulating social vitality, and earnestly safeguard social harmony and stability. To resolve social conflicts by law. To further smooth channels of reporting social conditions and public opinion, improving regulation, arbitration, as well as dispute resolution mechanisms, implement fully the petitioners cases third-party hearings and supervising system of letters and calls, and to resolve the involved law lawsuit into the orbit of rule of law, vexatious, Twining visit visit, disturbing social order and other malicious extortion, resolutely crack down. Five, improving cadres Vitale, provide strong protection for forest development XI General Secretary stressed that the comprehensive revitalization in Northeast China, needs a high quality, solid style, cadres of the da