新概念英语第一册Lesson117-118.doc

Lesson 117 - Tommys breakfast & Lesson 118 - What were you doing?知识点：1、When my husband was going into the dining room this morning, he dropped some coins on the floor. 句型：当某事发生的时候，发生了某事。用when引导的时间状语从句。 过去进行时：强调在过去某个时间正在发生的事。was/were + doing 过去进行时与一般过去时的主要区别：（1） 过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续，而一般过去时表示动作的完成。如： He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在写作文。（不一定写完） He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚写了一篇作文。（已经写完） （2） 一般过去时与always， constantly， forever， continually等连用，表示“过去经常性、习惯性的动作”；而过去进行时与always， constantly， forever， continually等连用，表示动作的重复。如： He always got up at six. 他过去总是六点起床。 He was always thinking of his work. 他总是一心想到工作。过去进行时的时间状语（1） when 和while引导的状语从句中，强调某个动作正在进行的过程中时要用进行时态，while表示一段时间，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如： When/While we were having supper, the light went out. 我们正在吃饭时灯熄灭了。（2） when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如： I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。2、There were coins everywhere.【回顾Lesson 115】复合不定代词。 3、We looked for them, but we could not find them all. look for 寻找，强调动作。look是不及物动词。 find 找到，强调结果。find是及物动词。 例句：He looked for his pen everywhere, but he couldnt find it. 这里的all放在代词them的后面，作them的同位语，补充说明。them all = all of them 同位语用来表示其具体内容。 例句：We all like this movie. = All of us like this movie. 4、While we were having breakfast, our little boy, Tommy, found two small coins on the floor. 句型：在某事发生的同时，发生了某事。用while引导的时间状语从句。 例句：While my father was watching TV, my mother was cooking这里的, Tommy, 是our little boy的同位语，补充说明。5、He put them both into his mouth. both 两者都。在这里both是them的同位语。o. 把放进里去。 6、We both tried to get the coins, but it was too late. both 两者都。放在实义动词try的前面。 例句：They are both students. = Both of them are students. try to do sth. 试图做某事。get 弄到，弄出来。too太，副词，修饰形容词late。 7、Tommy had already swallowed them! 过去完成时。 had done 与 have/has done的区别：过去的过去发生的事。already用于完成时。过去完成时与现在完成时的区别：现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关，其结构为“助动词 have (has) + 过去分词”；过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。eg.I have learned 1000 English words so far.到目前为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。Most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 当他到达晚会时，他发现大多数客人已经离开了8、Later that morning, when I was doing the housework, my husband telephoned me from the office. later 晚些时候 早些时候 earlier;9、Tommys been to the toilet three times this morning, but I havent had any change yet! has been to 去过某地。toilet = bathroom = washroom； 几次（time 次数，可数）：three times twice once have had 这里的had 原形是have = get = see 弄到，看到。yet用于完成时的否定句中。 总结：1、过去进行时：was/were + 现在分词。 2、用when或while引导的时间状语从句： when + 过去进行时（持续性动词）/ 一般过去时（瞬时性动词） while + 过去进行时（持续性动词） (just) as + 过去进行时（瞬时性动词）例句：She was cooking when he was reading. = She was cooking while he was reading. The telephone rang when I open the door. = The telephone rang just as I was opening the door.3、延续性与瞬间性动词的用法：延续性动词的用法特征:(如 learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay)A. 延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示段时间的状语连用。表示段时间的短语有：for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。 例：I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。 B. 延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的点时间状语连用。 例：It raind at eight yesterday morning.(误) rain为延续性动词，而at eight表示点时间，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作，可以借助come, begin, get等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正) 又如： -When did you get to know Jack? -Two years ago. -Then youve known each other for more than two years. -Thats right.终止性动词的用法特征:( 如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow, buy)A. 终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。 如：The train has arrived.火车到了。 Have you joined the computer group? 你加入电脑小组了吗？ B. 终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用(只限肯定式)。如他来这儿五天了。 误：He has come here for five days. 正：He has been here for five