高考英语一轮复习考案必修3U.ppt

晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,高端数据,2011年上海卷,假如你是明启中学(Ming Qi Middle School)的李明,想申请一个 扶贫项目,帮助贫困地区的儿童。根据以下启事,写一封申请信(信中 不能提到真实姓名和学校)。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,启 事,国际儿童基金会将资助中学生开展扶贫项目,以帮助贫困地区 的儿童。申请成功者将获得项目经费2000元。,有意者请来信告知:(1) 你个人的基本情况;(2) 你对申请项目的基本 设想;(3) 项目经费的使用计划。,联系方式:2011,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,Dear Sirs,Hello! Im Li Ming, a student from Ming Qi Middle School of Shang- hai. As Ive always been interested in charity, Im writing to you in the hope that I could be given the 2,000 yuan fund to carry out my pro- ject to help children in poverty-stricken areas. (介绍个人的基本情况),My poverty-relief program is divided into three parts. In the initial stage, Ill try to purchase textbooks for subjects such as English and Maths. Given that new books are usually expensive, Ill be on the look- out for good-quality second-hand books. The second stage of my pro- gram is to recruit high school students who have a strong desire to help,佳作欣赏,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,pupils in poor areas. Surely they should be armed with relative knowl- edge to be qualified teachers. Lastly, we will set out for primary schools, which are selected and contacted in advance, to carry out our program.(对申请项目的基本设想),As to how to allocate the money, Id like to use 1,000 for textbooks, and the rest to pay for the travelling fee of volunteers. (项目经费的使 用计划) If possible, you can get in touch with me by e-mailing: 2011 ,I am looking forward to your reply, thanks!,Yours,Li Ming,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,必备佳句,As Ive always been interested in charity, Im writing to you in the hope that I could be given the 2,000 yuan fund to carry out my project to help children in poverty-stricken areas.,本句中的as引导了一个原因状语从句,其中write to someone in the hope that(写信给某人以期)中的that引导了一个同位语从句,可,以改为in order to hope that。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,句型转换:,He came here in the hope that he could see his manager in advance. ,He came here that he could see his manager in advance.,【答案】in order to hope,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,主语。后面的to carry out为目的状语。,用非限制性定语从句完成句子:,Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, to do in such weath- er.,特德只穿着短裤和T恤衫来度周末,在这样的天气里这样做真是件 傻事。,【答案】which is a stupid thing,Lastly, we will set out for primary schools, which are selected and contacted in advance, to carry out our program.,本句中的which引导了一个非限制性定语从句,which在从句中担任,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.Now that we are developing new technology at such a high pace, the true challenge is to find new ways of using it.,既然我们正高速地发展新技术,真正的挑战在于寻找新的使用途径。,2.My house is twice the size of yours.,我的房子是你房子的两倍大。,3.We think it possible to help you out of trouble.,我们认为帮助你脱离困境是可能的。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.To err is human, to forgive, divine.人孰无过?心存宽恕,就是圣洁。,2.Hope for the best, prepare for the worst. 抱最好的希望,做最坏的打算。,3.If you would go up high, then use your own legs! Do not let your- selves carried aloft; do not seat yourselves on other peoples backs and heads. (Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche) 如果你想走到高处,就要使用自 己的两条腿!不要让别人把你抬到高处;不要坐在别人的背上和。(弗里德里希威廉尼采),4.If you do not learn to think when you are young, you may never learn. (Thomas Edison) 如果你年轻时不学会思考,那就永远不会。 (托马斯爱迪生),晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1. adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的 n. 暴力,2. adj.有害的 n.有害,3. vi.存在;生存 n.存在;生存,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,4. n.谜;难题 vt.(使)为难,5. n.生物学 adj.生物的,6. adj. 温和的;文雅的 adv.温和地;文雅地,7. n.物理学家 n. 物理 adj.物理的; 身体的;物质的,8. vt.(使)漂浮 n.漂浮物,1. 及时;迟早,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,2. 下蛋,3. 轮到某人;接着,4. 产生;分娩,5. . 阻止;制止,6. 感到高兴;感到振奋,7. 既然,8. 突发;爆发,9. 密切注视;当心;提防,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.,2.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to de- velop.,3.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.,4.Walking does need a bit practice now that gravity has changed.,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. 更为重要的是,随着地球冷却下来,地 球的表面开始出现了水。,真题探究,(2011北京) Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.,A.Which B.What C.That D.Whom,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,词汇拓展:,1.violent; violence 2.harmful; harm 3.exist; existence 4.puzzle; puzzle 5.biology; biological 6.gentle; gently,7.physicist; physics; physical 8.float; float,短语在线:,1.in time 2.lay eggs 3.in ones turn 4.give birth to,5.prevent from 6.cheer up 7.now that 8.break out,9.watch out,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,教材链接:,【命题分析】考查主语从句。做从句试题时,需要注意从句连词的 功能,在句中所担任的成分以及从句的语序。,【答案与解析】B 句意:芭芭拉琼斯给予她的粉丝们的除了诚实 还有欢乐。what引导主语从句并且在从句中作offer的宾语,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.harmful adj. 有害的,用法拓展,harmless adj. 无害的,harm n. 伤害;损害,do no harm 无害,do harm to sb / do sb harm 对某人有害,mean no harm 无恶意,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,词汇辨析,harm, destroy, ruin和damage,harm 可作名词或动词,用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可,有时可指引起 不安或不便,还可用于抽象事物,尤其是指不道德的事情。,destroy 指毁灭性的“破坏”,往往不能恢复或难以恢复原状。,ruin 可作名词及动词,现多用于借喻,有时泛指一般的“弄坏”,指真,正、具体的“毁灭或破坏”建筑物时,则不用该词。指希望或计划 的破坏,常用destroy或ruin。,damage 可作动词或不可数名词,指损坏后价值或效率降低,通常是 部分性的,并且能够复原的“损害”。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)The court case will serious my busi- ness.,这起诉讼案件将严重损害我的生意。,(2)Where are the children? The dinners going to com- pletely .,I wish they werent always late.,孩子们哪儿去了?这顿饭快要吃不起来了。,我希望他们不要老是迟到。,【答案】(1)do; harm to (2)be; ruined,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,单项填空,(2012湖北省六校高三联考)He was lucky in the accident, but his car is under repair.,A.harmed B.damaged C.destroyed D.ruined,【答案与解析】B 过去分词damaged“被损坏的”作定语。de- stroyed 也可作定语,但它表示“彻底的、无法修复的毁灭”。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,2.exist vi. 存在;生存,用法拓展,exist in 存在于中,exist on 靠生活/生存,exist as 作为而存在;以形态存在,in existence 存在的;现存的,come into existence 产生;开始存在;成立,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript .,这是现存最古老的希伯语手稿。,(2)What do you think of store shopping in the future?,Personally, I think along with home shopping but will never be replaced.,你对将来的商店购物怎么看?,我个人认为会与在家购物并存,但它绝不会被取代。,【答案】(1)in existence (2)it will exist,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,单项填空,(2012西安模拟)It is said that this old building for more than three hundred years.,A.has existed B.had existed,C.is existing D.existed,【答案与解析】A 根据后面的时间状语可知是过去某种状态持续 到现在,故用现在完成时。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,3.puzzle n. 谜;难题 vt. (使)为难,用法拓展,be in a puzzle 不知道如何是好,puzzle about 苦思冥想,puzzle over 苦苦思考,puzzled adj. 困惑的;迷惑不解的,puzzling adj. 令人迷惑不解的,puzzlement n. 迷茫;困惑,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)The deeper meaning of the poem .,这首诗的深层含义仍是一个谜。,(2)She had on her face.,她满脸迷惑的表情。,【答案】(1)remains a puzzle (2)a puzzled look,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,单项填空,(2012哈尔滨模拟)The look on his face suggested that he didnt know how to deal with the situation.,A.puzzled; puzzling B.puzzling; puzzling,C.puzzled; puzzled D.puzzling; puzzled,【答案与解析】A 句意:他脸上困惑的表情说明他不知道如何应 对这一令人困惑的处境。puzzling“令人迷惑不解的”; puzzled “困惑的;迷惑不解的”。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,4.pull n. 牵引力,用法拓展,pull away (汽车等)开走,pull back 撤回;退出,pull down 拆毁;摧毁,pull in (车辆)进站停靠,pull out 驶出;离站;掏出,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)We waved as the train the station.,火车驶出车站时我们挥手告别。,(2)The man a gold watch,the hands of which were made of small diamonds.,这个人掏出一块金表,金表的指针是由小钻石制成的。,【答案】(1)pulled out of (2)pulled out,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,单项填空,(2012浙江金华高三模拟)Mr Wood was lucky enough to get on the train before it .,A.pulled on B.pulled down,C.pulled in D.pulled out,【答案与解析】D 句意:伍德先生非常幸运,在火车离开车站前赶 上了。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,5.mass n.质量;团;块;大量,用法拓展,masses of = a mass of 许多的;大量的,the (great) mass of 大多数;大部分,the masses 群众;平民百姓,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)I struggled through people to the ex- it.,我在人群中挤来挤去,挤到了出口的地方。,(2)I have work to do.,我有一大堆的事情要做。,【答案】(1)the mass of (2)masses of,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,单项填空,(2012河南漯河模拟) work has been done to prevent the wa- ter being polluted.,A.A plenty of B.A number of,C.A mass of D.A great many,【答案与解析】C a number of和a great many修饰可数名词复数;a mass of可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词,题中的work为不可数名词, 所以其谓语动词用单数。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.in time及时;终于,用法拓展,in no time 立即;马上,at a time 一次;每次,at one time 曾经;一度,by the time 到的时候,each / every time 每次,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)Will we be in time for the six oclock train?,我们来得及赶上六点钟的那趟火车吗?,(2) Jack returned home from England, his son had graduated from college.,当杰克从英格兰回家的时候,他的儿子已经大学毕业了。,【答案】By the time,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,(1)用in no time, at one time, each time填空,He was a Chinese teacher ., he comes here, he always buys something to give me to eat.,Im sure you will see him .,【答案】at one time Each time in no time,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)单项填空,(2012广西南宁高三联考)When did he leave the classroom?,He left you turned back to write on the blackboard.,A.the minute B.the time,C.until D.since,【答案与解析】A the minute = as soon as,意为“一就”。句意:你一转身在黑板上写字,他就离开了。故选A项。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,2.prevent. from 阻止;制止,用法拓展,表示“阻止/禁止某人做某事”的表达有:,keep sb from doing sth,stop sb from doing sth,block sb from doing sth,forbid sb from doing sth,prohibit sb from doing sth,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,友情提示,(1)keep. from短语中的from不可以省略,其余短语中的from可以省 略;,(2)以上短语用于被动语态时,from均不可省略。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)He is prevented by law from holding a license.,按照法律规定他不可以持有执照。,(2)It is better to spend money on illnesses by promoting healthy living.,通过花钱提倡健康生活来预防疾病更好。,【答案】preventing,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,(1)翻译句子,我们应该采取措施制止水被污染。,【答案】We should take measures to prevent water from being pollut- ed.,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)单项填空,(2012山西太原高三模拟)The umbrella can us from the rain.,A.keep B.protect,C.stop D.prevent,【答案与解析】B keep / stop / prevent sb from doing sth “阻止某 人做某事”,不符合句意;protect sb from.“保护某人不受”。 故选B项。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,3.in ones turn 轮到某人;接着,用法拓展,in turn 依次;反之;反过来,by turns 轮流;交替,take turns 依次;轮流,turn down 拒绝;把音量关小,Its ones turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)The male and female birds take turns in sitting on the eggs.,雄鸟和雌鸟轮流孵窝。,(2)People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this creates further problems.,人们想开自己的车来避免交通延误,这反过来却导致了进一步的问 题。,【答案】in turn,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,单项填空,(2012甘肃高三模拟)You look depressed. Whats wrong?,I had my suggestion again.,A.turned over B.turned on,C.turned off D.turned down,【答案与解析】D 句意:“你看上去情绪很低落,怎么啦?”“我的 建议又遭到拒绝了。”turn over“翻身;翻转;把移交”;turn on “打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等);(使)感兴趣”;turn off,“关掉(电器、水龙头等);使厌烦”;turn down“关小(音量等);拒绝”。根据句意选D项。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to de- velop. 这产生了一系列的连锁反应,使得生命可以继续发展。,要点精讲,本句中的it为形式宾语,后面的不定式为真正的宾语。此处还可 以变为Its possible for life to develop。作形式主语的常用句型有:,(1)Its easy / difficult for sb to do sth,(2)Its kind / wise of sb to do sth,(3)Its said / thought / reported that.,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(4)Its a pity / a shame that.,(5)It happens / appears / seems that.,(6)It is up to sb to do sth,(7)Its no use doing sth,句式仿写,(1)似乎你的答案是对的。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)昨天我碰巧在街上见到他。,【答案】(1)It seems that your answer is right.,(2)It happened that I met him in the street yesterday.,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,真题探究,(2011上海)Its no use without taking action.,A.complain B.complaining,C.being complained D.to be complained,【命题分析】考查Its no use doing sth句式。,【答案与解析】B 句意:只是抱怨而不采取任何行动是没有用的 。Its no use (in) doing sth“做某事是没有用的”。根据句意以及 句式结构可知应选B项。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,2.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.但当我向前移动时,我发现我被送出的距离 是在地球上的两倍,然后摔倒了。,要点精讲,本句含有一个倍数的句型。相关的搭配还有:,(1)倍数+形容词的比较级+ than.,(2)倍数+ as +形容词或副词+ as.,(3)倍数+ the size (length, height.) of.,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(4)一些特殊的倍数表达。如:,Im twice / double his age. 我的年龄是他的两倍。,句式仿写,(1)这辆小车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。,(2)亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(3)这条街是那条街的四倍长。,【答案】(1)The car runs twice faster than that truck.,(2)Asia is four times as large as Europe.,(3)This street is four times the length of t