2013高考英语完形填空太极法则.doc

2013高考英语完形填空太极法则完形填空和阅读的关联：阅读是给全了信息，我们抓里面的逻辑，得到文章框架完形其实本身也是给全了逻辑信息，不过可能出现形式不那么爽气，需要我们从很多细枝末节的地方去挖掘。好在我们之前对文章已经深入学习了一套很强调逻辑的阅读体系，也对各类句子结构中的逻辑信息进行过归纳，所以我们再做完形填空的时候，不要忘了自己已经开始逐渐熟悉的条件反射似的逻辑。从中挖掘答案的信息。所不同的是，做完形填空不需要省略跳读，你要做的就是慢慢来，好比在填cross word的字谜游戏，不断完善，直到最后全部打出来。而且要做好“回读”的准备，特别是某些比较复杂的局部。概述：很多同学在问完形填空有什么捷径，我始终坚持一点，做完形好比在练“太极推手”，要按奈年少轻狂的冲动，更要顺着题目和他推（顺着题目推手的本身就是你安全融入文章，与文章的逻辑关系并行不悖的过程，做到“文人合一”）。推着推着答案自现，推着推着有了线索，切忌冲动没看几句就定了文章基调，根据自己的臆断草草选择答案。太极推手：1.忍（1.搜集逻辑信息 2.忌冲动） 2.联（1.文首文末；2.隔开数行；3.紧邻填空；4.中心靠拢）不要指望第一遍的时候能够填出绝大多数的空格，事实上我个人觉得第一遍除了一些明显的逻辑关系可以马上做掉以外，其余的都留到后面几遍再去解，因为你会发现多读几遍以后，文章的逻辑关系彻底被我们识破并且牢牢把握。这样一来，信息点会很好找。CLOZE常见题型分类1.紧贴行文逻辑类1. 紧邻填空出现的并列、解释说明、补充说明能够提供足够线索。2. 找对应关系（文首文末，隔开数行，与中心一致）3. 根据文章逻辑的发展方向寻找连词这类题解题的关键在于从上下句中了解行文的走向和句子之间的逻辑关系，然后顺着文章的意思做出逻辑判断，轻松找到答案。2.概述和具体互辉映概述和具体的相对位置主旨和分论点3.固定搭配或者单词的精准使用完形填空中最恶心的一类就是考固定搭配或者单词的精准用法。这类题往往没有什么好办法，只能靠同学们平时勤修内功了。所幸这类题目历来占得比重很小，在34题。固定搭配如果不知道固定搭配的意思就很难答对，所以此类题目完全需要自身不断积累。当然有时候题目可能还会出得更加苛刻一些，比如给你四个固定搭配在中文上都表示同样的意思，不过在英文里用到的场合各不不同，那就需要根据英语语境再做甄别。平时可以多做一些总结规律性的东西（一味死记硬背效果未必好），比如up、out多表示“完、结束”的概念；off表示“结束或触发”，提高猜题命中率。单词的精准使用先通过基调排除肯定错误的，再通过对近义词的进一步辨析，来判断。挖掘逻辑信息突破口：1 时态、语态（动作是否已完结；判断意愿）2 基调（肯定、消极）3 连词或其他还有逻辑关系的短语4 学会从个别词来判断情形（副词、形容词）系动词：1. 感官：Look, sound, feel, appear, seem2. 存在性：Lie，exist，prove3. 保持：Stay，keep，remain，maintain，rest4. 变化：Turn，become，get，grow每个细节都要看，一点都不要省，做完一定代回去检查。第三章 技巧篇出题逻辑学1）中文思维：1. 中文惯用表达方式 2. 发散性思维2) 语法就近：1. 代词等禁用语法解题 2. now that / for3) 人名接近(其他专用名词、主语判断清楚)4) 白痴逻辑欺负同学粗心（ABC而非BAC）5) 拖个小尾巴（文章、选项都可能出现）6) 极端词汇出现在选项正确概率几乎为0（并非所有最高级都算极端）7) 四个选项均无明显漏洞，则选最长的那个8) Phrase直接字面翻译的话，肯定不是答案9) 主旨题首段首句，但是最后一段独立要综合考虑10）大等于三个逗号的并列关系很可能有一道细节题会考查到11）推理题中，常识性的选项马上排除12) 有两个选项待识别，看最本质最近主旨的；如果是并列关系，那么请认真研究选项必有一个意思于原文有偏差（定语从句的具体对象；拖了一个小尾巴；词汇的精准使用角度）沈阳吴军高分英语家教地址：铁西区启工街地铁口旁第一城A组团3号一层 网址: 电话： 2012高考英语翻盘逆转押题预测必考点知识清单主讲人：吴军第一部分：单项选择定语从句出题思路预测先行词 n./pron -被定语从句修饰的,根据先行词选择连接词物：which/that/whose 人：who/whom/that/whose当先行词与连接词后面的名词n存在所属关系时（的）2012定从预测1My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it 2012定从预测2The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _was more than we could expect.A.it B.what C.which D.that2012定从预测3Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which2012定从预测4The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city. A. whom B. which C. them D. those2012定从预测5A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever2012定从预测6In china, the number of cities is increasing _development is recognized across the world. A. where B. which C. whose D. that2012定从预测7Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from effects the people are still suffering.A.thatB.whose C.those D.whatas与which均可替代整个主句在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句. 如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用；如从句在主句之前，用as。 介词/逗号后, 永远不用that!They failed in the exam，as/which is natural.As is known to all，the earth moves around the sun. He passed the College Entrance Examination, made his parents very happy. A. as B. which C. that D. it2012定从预测8_is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What比较：_is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.2012定从预测9Jim passed the driving test, surprised everybody in the office.A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it2012定从预测10_ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. It B. As C. That D. What 2012定从预测11Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him. A. who B. that C. what D. which2012定从预测12_ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. A. That B. As C. It D. What 地点：where/which /that 时间：when/which/that2012定从预测13The Science Museum, we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions.A.which B.what C.that D.where2012定从预测14I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where2012定从预测15Occasions are quite rare .I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A.who B.which C.why D.when2012定从预测16We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when2012定从预测17The film brought the hours back to me_I was taken good care of in that far-away village. A. until B. that C. when D. where怎么确定关系代词前用什么介词?（1）定语从句中动词和什么介词搭配Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time. (about which- argue about sth) There is no one _ she can turn when in trouble (to whom-turn to sb for help)（2）先行词常和什么介词搭配。The reason _ he was late was that he got up late.(for which- the reason for)2012定从预测18Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which2012定从预测19Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which2012定从预测20For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, New York is an example.A.for whichB.in which C.of whichD.from which2012定从预测21By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, appeared a rare rainbow soon.A.of whichB.on which C.from which D.above which易错点:插入语和定语干扰!2012定从预测22She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction had taken more than three years.Afor whichBwith whichCof whichDto which2012定从预测23The newly built caf, the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. A. that B. it C. what D. which2012定从预测24Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.A. who B. which C. what D. that2012定从预测25She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.A. them B. who C. whom D. these2012定从预测26Last week, only two people came to look at the house, wanted to buy it.A.none of them B.both of them C.none of whom D.neither of whom定语从句真题练习2009辽宁Theyve won their last three matches, _I find a bit surprising A. that B. when C. what D. which 2007辽宁Eric received training in computer for one year, he found a job in a big company.A.after thatB.after whichC.after it D.after this2006辽宁I was told that there were about 50 foreign studentsChinese in the school, most were from Germany.A.study;of whomB.study;of themC.studying;of themD.studying;of whom2004辽宁The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that DBDA名词性从句出题思路预测区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。I have forgotten where we went yesterday.Where we went yesterday is covered with all kinds of flowers.Oh! This is where we came yesterday. This is the place where we came yesterday.Here, he made the promise that he would come here 10 years later.I will make a mark where he made the promise.where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词; 缺名词性成份时，指人用who/whom，指物用what; 不缺意思和成份时用that。That只有在宾语从句中可以省略。2011江西卷The villagers have already known well do is to rebuild the bridge.AthisBthatCwhatDwhich2011四川卷Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A. why B. how C. what D. which2011陕西卷Id like to start my own business thats Id do if I had the money. A.why B.when C.which D.what易错点:插入语干扰!2012名词性从句预测1The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. A. which B. that C. what D. who2012名词性从句预测2 was most important to her, she told me, was her family.A.It B.This C.What D.As2012名词性从句预测3The shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enough.A.where B.how C.what D.which1 In my eyes, _ is known to all _ Chinese economy has taken off.2 _ is known to all, Chinese economy has taken off.3 I took some medicine for the bad cold, but _ didnt help.4 I took some medicine for the bad cold, _ didnt help.5 I find _ is a pity that he failed in the driving test.A. which B. that C. it D. As2012名词性从句预测4 is known to us all is that the 2014 Olympic Games will take place in L.A.It B.What C.As D.WhichWhether是解! 不充当从句的任何成分，表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性。不可以省略。通常，引导主语从句、表语从句和引导同位语从句时，要用连词whether，不用if；习惯上也只能说whether or not，而不说if or not。_ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That试题中的从句位于句首，不难知道这是一个主语从句，所以答案是C。但是在宾语从句中表达“是否”既可用if也可用whether。主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,只能用 whether 引导，不能用 if .主语从句Whether it is true remains a problem. 这件事是否真实还是个问题。表语从句What the doctors really doubt is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.医生真正怀疑的是我母亲能否很快从重病中恢复过来。同位语从句I am in doubt whether I should agree to the plan. 2012名词性从句预测5Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it.A. whereB. whatC. whetherD. which2012名词性从句预测6Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and it is rough or smooth.A./ B.whether C.how D.what2012名词性从句预测7What the doctors really doubt is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. why 名词性从句真题练习2006辽宁 makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.WhoeverA状语从句出题思路预测转折关系:but,however,Altough,Though,什么时候选?2011四川卷Frank insisted that he was not asleep I had great difficulty in waking him up.A. whether B. although C. for D. so2009湖南_ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as2007全国Between the two generations, it is often not their age, their education that causes misunderstanding.A.like B.as C.or D.but2007湖南Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, _ the way they actually are.A.as B.or C.but D.and2012状从预测1Excuse me for breaking in, _ I have some news for you. A.so B.and C.but D. yet1 It was in this city _ he was born.2 It was this city _ he was born.3 It was in 1989 _ he was born.4 It was three days _ he was born.5 It is three days _ he was born.A. where B. which C. that D. before E.since20100陕西John thinks it wont be long he is ready for his new job. A. when B. after C. before D. since2008北京Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _Brian gets back. A. before B. since C. till D. after2011四川卷 As it reported, it is 100 years Qinghua University was founded.A. when B. before C. after D. since2012状从预测2The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time we meet them again.A.after B.before C.since D.when2012状从预测3He was told that it would be at least three more months he could recover and return to work.A.when B.before C.since D.that2012状从预测4That was really a splendid evening. Its years I enjoyed myself so much.A.when B.that C.before D.since but,however, although didnt Unless/if .not never Without 接名词,主句有would或could until so, therefore, as a result, accordingly because, since, as, for前后两句一肯一否，除了转折关系,2009-2011年考的更多的是因果关系,until和unless. However和 instead同时出现在选项中时，容易选instead ；However和otherwise同时出现在选项中时容易选otherwise；but和so同时出现在选项中时容易选so（therefore） ；but和because同时出现在选项中时容易选because（as,since），具体结合语境。2008北京Did you return Freds call? I didnt need to _Ill see him tomorrow. A. though B. unless C. when D. because2006北京He found it increasingly difficult to read, his eyesight was beginning to fail.A.and B.for C.but D.or2007天津It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life_weve actually had that lesson.A.until B.after C.since D.when2006广东“You cant have this football back_you promise not to kick it at my cat again.” the old man said firmly. A.because B.since C.when D.until2010上海 our manager objects to Toms joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. A. Until B. Unless C. If D. After2010全国The little boy wont go to sleep _ his mother tells him a story.A. or B. unless C. but D. whetherso that(宾语从句后面有can)是解!2005北京Id like to arrive 20 minutes earlyI can have time for a cup of tea.A.as soon as B.as a result C.in case D.so that2004全国IRoses need special care _ they can live through winter.A. because B. so that C. even if D. as 2003安徽春Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report _ her boss could read it first thing next morning.A. so that B. because C. before D. or else2002 NMETJohn shut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.A. which B. when C. so that D. as ifin case (万一, 以防)是解!2011山东卷He had his camera ready_ he saw something that would make a good picture.A. even if B. if only C. in case D. so that 2010浙江I guess weve already talked about this before but Ill ask you again just . Aby nature B.in return Cin case Dby chance2007北京Leave your key with a neighbor you lock yourself out one day.A.ever since B.even if C.soon after D.in caseWhile主句从句主语不同,表示“而” I do every single bit of housework _ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then. A. sinceB. whileC. whenD. asWhile置于句首可表示As long as 或 AlthoughWhile I admit his good points, I can see his bad ones.（2008湖南)_ the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it. A. If B. While C. Because D. As2011四川卷 volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at basketball.A. Since B. Once C. Unless D. While2010全国Mary made coffee _ her guests were finishing their meal .A. so that B. although C. while D. as if2008湖南 the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it.A.If B.While C.Because D.As2008四川In some places women are expected to earn money men work at home and raise their children.A.but B.while C.because D.thoughwhere2010重庆Today, we will begin _we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A. when B. where C. how D. what2009江苏 _ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until2009山东The little girl who got lost decided to remain _she was and wait for her mother.A.where B.what C.how D.who2004全国IIIThere were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands.A. where B. which C. when D. that as long as 2010江西 Our holiday cost a lot of money. Did it? Well, that doesnt matter_ you enjoyed yourselves.A as long as B unless C as soon as D thoughHowever WhateverHowever 接形容词或副词!However (=No matter how) expensive it may be, Ill take it.无论它有多贵，我也要买下它。_, I hav