versionsforsomesentencesinChapter6第六章版本.doc

第六章 分译一、单词的分译（1）副词的分译 例如：2) *He made many discoveries in chemistry but, characteristically, he did not publish them.*他在化学上有许多发现，但他生性超脱，淡于名利，并未发表其研究成果。4) *Somewhat surprisingly, the use of alternating current was at first opposed as dangerous by, for example, Edison who pointed out, accurately but irrelevantly, that it was used in the electric chair.*令人因惑的是，爱迪生等竞率先反对利用交流电，说电椅用交流电很危险。电椅用交流电固然危险，但是，这跟交流电的利用又有多大关系呢？（2）动词的分译 例如：6) *The temperature is believed to be the lowest temperature than can ever be reached.*人们认为，这个温度（273）是能够达到的最低温度。（3）形容词的分译 例如：（4）名词的分译 例如：12) *The price limits its production.*它价钱昂贵，还不能批量生产。13) *Three men worked on it independently from each other: an Englishman, an Austrian and an American.*有三个人彼此独立地研究这个问题：一个是英国人，一个是奥地利人，一个是美国入。14) *The orbits of the electrons are in layers, called shells.电子轨道是一层一层的，因而称为电子壳层。二、短语的分译 （1）分词短语的分译 例如：18) *He was Michael Faraday, born in 1791 in Yorkshire.*这个人就是法拉第。他于1791年生于约克郡。19) *Known to man for thousands of years, metals are the backbone of our modern world.*金属是现代世界的支柱；人类在数千年前就知道若干种金属了。（2）介词短语的分译 例如：22) *Great was his fathers joy at his success, and in having so powerful an agent to deaden the suffering of his patients.*父亲对他的成功感到极为高兴，因为他有了一种非常有效的麻醉剂，可以用来消除病人的痛苦。23) *Three hundred years elapsed between the invention of lense and the placing of one in front of another to make a telescope.*在发明镜片后过了三百年，才有人把一个镜片迭到另一个镜片上制成望远镜。（3）动词不定式词短语的分译 例如：25) *Several theories of atomic structure were produced when the electron was discovered, only to be discarded when more information about the atom was obtained.*发现电子后出现了若干种原子结构学说，后来获得了关于原子的大量资料，这些学说便被抛弃了。28) *We should expect rocks to be broken in this way near the tops of high mountain.*我们可以想象，高山山顶附近的岩石以这种方式变成碎块。（4）名词性短语的分译 有的名词性短语，若按原结构译出，或显得转折太大，译笔太秃，或显得意义残缺，不好理解。在翻译这类短语时，常增加一些词语，以进一步说明含义或缓和语气。增加词语的结果，常常会使短语变成分句。例如：31) *The wrong power-line connection will damage the motor.如果电源线接错了，就会损坏电动机。32) *Lower temperature are associated with lower growth rates.温度一低，生长速度就会慢下来。三、句子的分译（1）定语从句的分译 英语中的定语从句，在通常情况下不是译成一个分句，而是译成一个定语。例如：35) *Fine grains of dust can reflect blue light, which coarse grains of dust cannot.尘埃中较细的微粒能反射蓝色光，较粗的微粒却不能。36) *Matter and energy are related to each other by the equation: E=mc2, where E is energy, m is mass, and c the velocity of light. 物质与能量的关系用公式E=mc2表示，式中E代表能量，m代表质量，c代表光速。（2）单句的分译 单句分译实际上是各种句子成分的分译，是单词分译和短语分译的补充和综合应用。例如：40) *To achieve this goal, I have used a conversational writing style more characteristic of recreational reading than of technical texts.为了达到这个目的，我采用了会话的写作方法，这是消谴读物而不是科技教程所惯用的写作方法。41) *At sea, clothes had been towed behind the ship, the principle being to get