新概念2第33课重点字词.doc

Lesson 33 Out of the darknessdarkness out of the darkness 冲出黑暗The room was in darkness 房间一片漆黑构词法dark (黑暗的)+ness(名词后缀)=darknesscareful(细心的)+ness=carefulness(仔细)good+ness=goodness(仁慈)explain vt&vi 说明,阐明;解释,辩解The girl was able to explain what had happened.那个女孩能够讲述发生了什么。This phenomenon is so hard for me to explain.Could you please explain what this word means? explain away 搪塞（过失,怀疑）He tried to explain away the missing money.他试图为丢失钱而进行辩解。explain oneself 说明自己的意思，为自己辩解explain sth as sth 把解释为explaination n.说明解释You must give me an explanation.你必须给我解释解释.同义词interpret v. （用知识，理解，信念等等）解释 Interpretation n. 说明；口译coast n. 海岸 shore n. 海岸She set out from a coast. 他从海岸出发。seashore n. 海岸beach n. 沙滩bank n. 河岸，坝，堤 towards prep. 向, 朝, 接近We have to try hard towards success. 我们要努力朝成功前进He is walking towards here.他正朝这边走来。rock n. 岩石,礁石;摇滚乐;摇摆 v, 摇摆;震惊The boat struck a rock. 这艘船触礁了。The Presidents murder rocked the nation.总统遇刺震惊了全球as firm as a rock 屹立不动的，值得信赖的.on the rocks 触礁，毁坏，破产.rock the boat 捣乱，搞破坏.light n. 灯光，光线灯Please turn on the light. 请开灯light tower 灯塔v. 点亮，点灯，点火 light a cigarette 点燃一支烟You light up my life. 你照亮了我的一生adj. 轻的，温柔的=gentleahead adv. 在前面ahead 的用法： 放在被修饰词的后面作定语, 定语后置There is a light ahead 前方有灯光 ahead of 在前面 He went ahead of me. go ahead 朝前走；请便(回答请求时用)-Would you mind my using your phone? / Can I use your telephone?-Ok, go ahead.-Can I smoke here?-Go ahead. /Sorry, youd better not. struggle n./ v. 斗争，挣扎She struggled up the cliffs. 她挣扎着爬上峭壁。Struggle is the bridge to ideal. 奋斗是理想的桥梁。Every day is like struggling if you dont have a goal in your life. 每日如同煎熬。struggle against 与作斗争 struggle along 挣扎生活下去struggle for = fight for 为而斗争struggle on 坚持生活下去 Large numbers of people had to struggle on the verge of starvation.许多人不得不挣扎在饥饿的边缘。hospital n. 医院go to hospital & go to the hospital去住院 & 去医院+the 只表示地点in hospital & in the hospital 在住院&在医院go to the school & go to school go to the church & go to churchclinic n 诊所，门诊部Sentence analysis1Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. 几乎过了一个星期，那姑娘才能讲述自己的遭遇。（1）这句话有两个从句。before一直到结尾是句子的时间状语从句。在这个从句中，explain又有自己的宾语从句，what为这个从句的主语。（2）before在引导时间状语从句时，有时不一定译为“在之前”，虽然表达的是这个意思，如文中的这句话。类似的情况有：It will be months before he can come back.要过好几个月他才能回来。He ran off before his mother could stop him.他母亲还没来得及阻止他，他就跑掉了。2One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. 一天下午，她乘小船从海岸出发，遇上了风暴。（1）set out表示“出发”：Captain Alison will set out at eight oclock.艾利森船长将于8点钟启航。set out from表示“从出发”。set to 动手干, 认真开始干Having enough data in hand, we can set to work. 手头有足够的资料我们可以开始工作了。set about 开始做, 着手做He set about learning Chinese at age ten. 他在十岁时开始学中文。（2）be caught in表示某人“（突然）遇到/上（风暴等）”：He was caught in a heavy rain on the way home.他在回家途中遇到了大雨。3Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. 她在海里游了整整一夜才游到岸边。介词after的宾语是动名词spending及这个动名词的宾语、状语，这个结构在意义上等于 after she had spent the whole night in the water。4During that time she covered a distance of eight miles. 在那段时间里，她游了8英里。（1）that time指上句话中提到的the whole night。（2）cover可以笼统地表示“行过（一段路程）”，根据上下文可具体译为“走过”、“飞过”、“游过”等：The bird covered the distance in three minutes.这只鸟用3分钟飞完了全程。（3） 表示具体的距离可以用“a distance of+ 具体长度”这个结构。5high up on the cliffs 在高高的峭壁上up为形容词， 表示“在上面的”、“高高的”、“在较高处的”，high为副词，修饰up。6On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. 到达岸边后，姑娘朝着她看到的灯光方向挣扎着往峭壁上爬去。（1）“on+ 动名词”相当于 as soon as或 when 引导的时间状语从句：On reaching the airport, he was arrested by the police.他一到机场就被警察逮捕了。（2）she had seen为 the light的定语从句，关系代词 that/which省略了。（3）up 在此处为介词，表示“沿着往上”。7That was all she remembered. 她所记得的就是这些。that指前面描述的内容。she remembered为all 的定语从句，关系代词that（不能用which）被省略了。Grammar point用于表示方向和目的地的介词和副词（也被称为小品词）（1） 表示“上”、“下” 的两对小品词是on和off，up和 down：Jims standing on the roof. I hope he wont fall off. 吉姆正站在房顶上。我希望他不会掉下来。Toms climbing up the tree. I hope he wont fall down. 汤姆正在爬树。我希望他不要摔下来。（2） 表示“来”、“去” 的一对小品词是from和to；towards的意义与to相近，表示“朝”、“向”、“接近”等； for在有些动词后面也表示“往”、“向”的意思：He came from Moscow. Hes going to New York.他从莫斯科来。 他将要去纽约。The plane flies from Moscow to New York.这架飞机从莫斯科飞往纽约。He went towards the shop quickly.他快速地向商店走去。He went for home.他回家了。He left/ set out for New York yesterday.他昨天动身去纽约了。（3） 表示“进去”、“出来” 这两种方向的介词为into和out of；表示“在某个地方”或“在里面/外面”可用 at，in，out of等；表示目的地或位置往往用at：When did you come into the restaurant?你什么时候进的餐馆？You werent in the restaurant when I come in. 我进来的时候你不在餐馆。We ran out of the house.我们从屋里跑了出来。We arrived in the country on Sunday.星期天我们到达乡下。（范围大时用in）We arrived at the station in the evening.晚上我们到达车站。（范围小时用at）（4）表示“穿过”、“越过”、“绕过” 等动作时，往往用 t