英语动名词归纳总结W.doc

英语动名词一、名词复数的变化规律1、规则变化1) 一般情况直接在词尾加-s . 如：chairchairs；appleapples；grapegrapes；deskdesks等。2）以s、sh、ch、x等结尾的词加es .如：busbuses；watchwatches；boxboxes；brushbrushes等。3）以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y 为i 再加es，babybabies；citycities；familyfamilies等。4）以f或fe结尾的将f或fe直接换成ves. 如：knifeknives；thiefthieves；shelfshelves等。2、不规则变化1）没有规律的变化。如：childchildren；footfeet；toothteeth；mousemice；womanwomen等。2）单复同形。如：deerdeer；sheepsheep；fishfish；yuanyuan；tofutofu；porkpork等。3）以o结尾的名词有的加es有的加s. 如：potatopotatoes；tomatotomatoes；Heroheroes等。二、动词第三人称单数的变化规则1）直接在动词后+s. 如：likelikes；playplays；readreads；getgets；helphelps；skiskis等。2）以s, x, sh, ch, 接尾的动词：+es. 如：washwashes；wacthwatches；teachteaches；brushbrushes等。3）以辅音+o接尾的动词：+es. 如：gogoes；dodoes等。4）以辅音+y接尾的动词：变y为i+es. 如：flyflies；study studies；carrycarries；skyskies等。 末尾字母y前为元音字母的，直接在动词后面加-s. 如：playplays；saysays等。5）特殊变化。如：beis；havehas等。这些没有规律，需要加强记忆。三、动词现在分词-ing形式的构成1）一般情况在动词原形后加-ing . 如：gogoing；standstanding；climbclimbing等。2）以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e，再加-ing. 如：writewriting；hopehoping；carecaring等。3）以-ie结尾的动词应先将e去掉，将i变成y然后再加-ing. 如：diedying，tietying等。4）如果动词最后一音节为重读闭音节，最后一个字母需要重复. 如：runrunning； stopstopping；hophopping；planplanning；starstarring；getgetting等. 但辅音x是个例外，无需重复（x其实起着两个辅音的作用）。如：taxtaxing，relaxrelaxing等。5）以-ee，-oe，-ye结尾的动词加-ing时应保留词尾e. 如：seeseeing；hoehoeing；eyeeyeing等。6）以-ue结尾的动词大多应先去e再加-ing. 如：suesuing；imbueimbuing；rueruing等。7）以-ic结尾的动词应先在字母c后加一字母k再加-ing. 如：frolicfrolicking；panicpanicking；mimicmimicking；picnicpicnicking；traffictrafficking等。四、人称代词的变化形式主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一人称单数I我me我my我的mine我的myself我自己复数we我们us我们our我们的ours我们的ourselves我们自己第二人称单数you你you你your你的yours你的yourself你自己复数you你们you你们your你们的yours你们的yourselves你们自己第三人称单数he他him他his他的his他的himself他自己she她her她her她的hers她的herself她自己it它it它its它的its它的itself它自己复数they（他/她/它）们them(他/她/它)们their(他/她/它）们的theirs(他/她/它）们的themselves他们自己五、动词的过去式变化1、规则变化1）一般情况下，在动词词尾直接加-ed. 如：workworked；piayplayed；wantwanted；actacted等。 2）以不发音的-e 结尾动词，在动词词尾加-d. 如：livelived；movemoved；decidedecided等。3）以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed. 如：studystudied；trytried；cry-cried 等。 4）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 ed, 如：stopstopped；begbegged； fretfretted；dragdragged；dropdropped；planplanned；dotdotted；dripdripped 等。2、不规则变化的动词有很多，规律性不强，需要加强记忆。小学常用的有如下：1）AAA型原形过去式过去分词汉语意思readreadread读cutcutcut切，割letletlet让putputput放costcostcost花费，值hithithit撞，击setsetset安排，安置hurthurthurt使伤痛2）ABA型原形过去式过去分词汉语意思becomebecamebecome成为comecamecome来runranrun跑3）ABC型 . ow ew own原形过去式过去分词汉语意思blowblewblown吹drawdrewdrawn画growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown 知道flyflewflown飞ia u原形过去式过去分词汉语意思beginbeganbegun开始drinkdrankdrunk喝singsangsung唱swimswamswum游泳ringrangrung打电话无规律原形过去式过去分词汉语意思am/iswasbeen是arewerebeen是dodiddone做gowentgone走taketooktaken拿4）ABB型 原形ought ought原形过去式过去分词汉语意思bringbroughtbrought带来原形aught aught原形过去式过去分词汉语意思catchcaughtcaught捉,抓teachtaughttaught教buyboughtbought买fightfoughtfought打架thinkthoughtthought思考变其中一个元音字母原形过去式过去分词汉语意思meetmetmet遇见get gotgot得到sitsatsat坐winwonwon赢findfoundfound发现原形ltlt原形过去式过去分词汉语意思feelfeltfelt感到keepkeptkept保持leaveleftleft离开sleepsleptslept睡sweepsweptswept扫变其中一个辅音字母原形过去式过去分词汉语意思buildbuiltbuilt建造hearheardheard听见makemademade制造meanmeantmeant意思spendspentspent花费辅音字母和元音字母都变原形过去式过去分词汉语意思havehadhad有，吃paypaidpaid付钱saysaidsaid说sellsoldsold卖telltoldtold告诉standstoodstood站5）AAB型原形过去式过去分词汉语意思beatbeatbeaten打败6）情态动词原形过去式过去分词汉语意思cancould能maymight也许must必须shallshould将要willwould会以上内容，主要涵盖小学英语的名词复数的变化规律、动词第三人称单数的变化规律、动词现在分词ing形式的构成、人称代词的变化以及常用动词过去式的变化。望同学们多看多记，加以巩固！英语动词变名词、动词变形容词方法归纳动词变名词小结1.在词尾加er,r ,双写加er 或or:A. play _ player, sing _ singer, wait _ waiter , find _ finder,thrill _ thrillerB. write _ writer, drive _ driver, come _ comer, explore _ explorerdance _ dancerC. run _ runner, win _ winner, rob _ robber, traval _ travallerD. visit _ visitor, invent _ inventor2. 在词尾加ing:build _ building, draw _ drawing, end _ ending, begin _ beginning,swim _ swimming， skate _ skating, feel _ feeling, say _ saying,mean _ meaning, cross _ crossing， surf _ surfing, paint _ painting3.在词尾加ion 或去e加ion:A. decide _ decision, describe _ description, produce _ production,celebrate _ celebration,pronounce _ pronunciation, decorate _ decorationgraduate _ graduation,frustrate - frustration,pollute _ pollutioncontribute _ contribution, congratulate _ congratulation,educate _ education，organize _ orgnization,donate _ donation,appreciate _ appreciation，operate _ operation, invite _ invitationB. discuss _ discussion, invent _ invention, attract _ attractionimpress _ impression,inject _ injection,instruct _ instruction4.其它：know _ knowledge, please _ pleasure, enjoy _ enjoyment,practise _ practice， die _ death, succeed _ success, weigh _ weight,sit _ deat, change _ chance，enter _ entrance,fly _ flight,rob _ robbery, discover _ discovery，faile _ failure,appear _ appearance,breathe _ breath 动词变形容词小结1.词尾加ful:use - useful, care - careful, help - helpful,thank - thankfulpeace - peaceful, forget - forgetful, play - playful,succeed - successful, wonder - wonderful2.词尾加d或ed:please - pleased, unite - united, excite - excited,surprise - surprised, organize - organized, close - closed,wound - wounded, relax - relaxed,develop - developed,appreciate - appreciated,frustrate - frustrated,interest - interested, annoy - annoyed, use - used,frighten - frightened, crowd - crowded, thrill - thrilled,pollute - polluted3.词尾加ing:interest - interesting, surprise - surprising, excite - excitingdevelop - developing, frighten - frightening,thrill - thyrillingfrustrate - frustrating, relax _ relaxing, live - livingrock - rocking, sleep - sleeping4.词尾变y为i,加ed:worry - worried, marry - married,fry - fried, terrify - terrifiedsatisfy - satisfied5.词尾加able:know - knowled