选修8Unit3InventorsandInventions(句法).doc

Book 8 Unit 3 Inventors and Inventions (句法导学案)一、学习目标1. 知识目标：复习过去分词用作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法，并能够在练习中熟练地运用过去分词。 2技能目标：学会在做题过程中正确理解含有过去分词的句式，并学会在书面表达及口语表达中正确运用动词的过去分词。3. 情感目标：培养学生学习语法的兴趣及合作学习的意识。二、学习重点 1. 复习过去分词用作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法。 2掌握并正确运用动词过去分词。三、学习难点 领会过去分词和现在分词用作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法的区别。四、学习过程 【知识链接】定语是用来说明名词（代词）的品质与特征的词或一组词，通常放在所修饰的名词前后。表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，是一种主语补语，它常位于连系动词（be, become, appear, seem等）之后。宾语补足语是用来补足宾语意义的句子成分，通常放在宾语之后。【自主预习】（一）学法指导1.阅读知识链接部分，查阅相关资料，根据所给例句归纳动词过去分词的用法。2.自主完成所给题目，记下预习中遇到的问题和疑惑。（二）活动任务判断划线部分在句子中的成分（定语、表语或宾语补足语），并填写下列空格。1）. The excited people （=the people who were excited）rushed into building. 在本句中，excited用作 语，放在所修饰的名词 之_，称为前置定语。2）. The meeting, attended by a lot of people (=which was attended by a lot of people), was a success. 在本句中，attended by a lot of people用作 语，放在所修饰的名词 之 ，相当于一个 从句。3）. I was disappointed at his response.在本句中，disappointed用作 语，放在连系动词 之后，构成系表结构，表示主语 的感受。4）. My grandfather had his old house rebuilt在本句中，rebuilt用作 语， 放在句子宾语 之后，与宾语构成逻辑上的 关系。【合作学习】（一）学法指导1.根据自主预习部分的练习，查阅相关资料，归纳过去分词和现在分词的用法。2.自主完成所给练习，随后进行小组讨论。（二）活动任务1.归纳总结动词过去分词和现在分词的区别，完成下列表格。成分用法区别过去分词（-ed）现在分词(-ing)作定语单个的过去分词作定语，常常放在被修饰的名词之 ； 而分词短语作定语时，通常置于被修饰的名词之 ，其作用相当于一个 从句。作定语时，与所修饰的名词构成逻辑上的 关系,表示已完成的动作Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.作定语时，与所修饰的名词构成逻辑上的 关系，表示正在进行的动作。The boy sitting over there is my brother.作表语分词做表语通常当作形容词来使用，作表语无“完成”、“被动”或“进行”之意，而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。作表语时，表示主语自己的感受或状态，主语多为 _，译为 “ ”。作表语时，表示给人的感受或状态，主语多为_, 译为“_”。作宾语补足语1. 位于see, hear, feel, observe, notice, find, consider等表示感觉和心理状态的动词宾语之后。2. 位于like, want, wish等表示“希望、要求”的动词宾语之后。3. 位于make, get, have, leave等表示“使、让”的动词宾语之后。4. 位于 with, without 等介词宾语之后。做宾语补足语时，与动词宾语之间是 关系。He was trying to make himself understoodDo you know the man with his hair tied back?作宾语补足语时，与动词宾语之间是 关系。I saw some students playing in the playground.2. 单句改错。1).The foreigner tried his best to make his point be understood. _2). Mark got his hands be burnt in the accident. _ 3). How would you like the rent to pay, in cash or by cheque? _ 4). What kept you so exciting? _ 5). You should speak loudly enough to make yourself hear. _6). I know little about the girl calling Lily. _3.单项选择。（先自主完成，再对错题进行小组讨论。）1）Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 2) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 3）The first text books for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B.to be written C. being written D. written 4) The Olympic games, in 776 BC, didnt include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 5) - Good morning. Can I help you? - Id like to have this package _, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed 6）From the dates _ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. hav