曲线图写作常用词汇和句型.doc

曲线图写作常用词汇和句型各个阶段的同义表达描述：1a steady drop, a slight fall, a gradual decline, a small decrease2. a rapid leap, a sudden rise, a marked increase, a huge growth, a dramatic rise3. no change, a flat trend, the number remained unchanged4. a dramatic fall, a sharp drop, a rapid plunge, a steep decline5. a gradual drop, a steady drop, tailing off, falling off常见曲线图变化趋势上升动词：rose to 名词 a rise in Increased to an increase in Went up to a growth in Climbed to an upward trend in Boomed a boom in (a dramatic rise in)下降动词：fell to 名词：a decrease in Declined to a decline in Dipped to a drop in Dropped toWent down to a slump in (dramatic fall in)Slumped to Reduced to平缓 动词：levelled out at 名词：a leveling out at Did not change Remained stable at Remained steady at Stayed constant at no change in Maintained the same level 波动 动词： fluctuated around 名词：a fluctuation in Peaked at reached a peak of In the first year, unemployment stood at.在曲线图中表示变化程度可以用到的词汇(the degree of change)Dramatic dramaticallySharp sharplyHuge hugelyEnormous enormouslySteep steeplySubstantial substantiallyConsiderable considerablySignificant significantlyMarked markedlyModerate moderatelySlight slightlySmall Minimal minimally在曲线图中表示变化程度可以用到的词汇（the speed of change）Rapid rapidlyQuick quicklySwift swiftlySudden suddenlySteady steadilyGradual graduallySlow slowly图表描述常用句型模版1 开头段常用句型The line graph shows +名词短语或句子Show 可以换成下列一些词：describe/illustrate/reveal/unfold/compare/summarise/suggest/outline2. 表示“增加（上升）、减少（下降）、不变、波动”的常用词（1）表示“增加（上升）”的动词，括号中是不规则动词的过去式Increase/rise (rose)/go up(went up)/grow(grew)/jump/climb/surge/shoot up (shot up)/boom注意：surge/shoot up/boom 表示“大量增加，显著上升”（2）表示“增加（上升）”的名词Increase/rise/growth/jump/surge/boom(3) 表示“减少（下降）”的动词，括号中是不规则动词的过去式Decrease/decline/go down (went down)/fall (fell)/be reduced/drop/sink(sank)/dip/slump注意：be reduced 要用被动语态Slump 表示“剧烈下降，显著减少”（4）表示“减少（下降）”的名词Decrease/decline/fall/reduction/drop/slump(5)表示“快速的、剧烈的，显著的”形容词，修饰（2）、（4）中的名词Rapid/sharp/significant/dramatic/drastic(6)表示“快速地、剧烈地、显著地”的副词，修饰（1）、（3）中的动词Rapidly/sharply/significantly/dramatically/drastically(7)表示“逐步的，适度的，稳定的，慢的，一点点的”形容词，修饰（2）（4）中的名词Gradual/moderate/steady/slow/slight(8)表示“波动“的动词、名词Fluctuate/fluctuation between A and B(9)表示“不变”的动词短语Remain the same at/do not change/stabilize at/remain stable at/remain constant at/remain steady/stay constant at/maintain the same level/level off at3. 表示“增加（上升），减少（下降）不变，波动的常用句型（1）_increased sharply from 1957 to 1974.(2) There was a sharp increase in _from 1957 to 1974.(3) The price did not change over the period.（4）There was a steep fall in 1994 followed by a gradual improvement in the subsequent years.(5) The price rose and fell over the period, but the trend was definitely upwards.(6) The price collapsed in 1994.(7) The price plunged dramatically in 1994, but then it regained its previous level, before soaring to a new peak.(8) In spite of the sharp fluctuations in the price, the trend was obviously upwards.(9) The price remained static over the period.(10) Then around 1975 the price of grain doubled and this caused a rapid increase in the amount of land devoted to grain production.(11) From 1980 to 1995, there was a gradual decrease in the amount of lad used for grain cultivation.(12) The demand for energy dropped steadily between 1985 and 1990 from 5 units of energy to approximately 2 units.(13) From 1990 until about 1995, energy demand appeared to level off and remained constant at about 2 units of energy.(14) From this time onwards, energy demand climbs dramatically from 2 units of energy in 1996 and is projected to reach 7 units in the year 2005.(15) In contrast, the amount of energy available from fossil fuels increased quite rapidly from about 3.5 units in 1985 until it reached a peak of 6.5 in 1995.(16) The trend/momentum began to pick up speed in August.(17) The last 17 years saw the sharp decline in cinema admissions.4. 最高点、最低点1）In 1978, the number reached its top at 20%.2) In 1978, the number reached its highest point at 20%.3) In 1978, the number reached its bottom at 20%.4) In 1978, the number reached its lowest point at 20%.5. 同一数据的倍数。1）The profit increased three times/three-fold from March to May.5月的利润是3月的3 倍。2) They made twice the profit in May than in March.他们5月的利润是3月的两倍。3) There was a three-fold increase in the profit from March to May.5月的利润是3月的4倍。4）The turnover capacity of the harbor has increased by one-third.港口的吞吐量增加了1/35) Its output of cotton went up by 20 percent.它的棉花产量增长了20%。6） The output value of chemical fertilizer in the first quarter was 18 percent above that of the same period in 1975.第一季度化肥总产量比1975年同期增长了18%。7）Their military budget in that year was thirty times as large as that of 1938.那一年他们的军事预算是1938年的30倍。6. 比较不同的数据，使用比较级1）A greater number/percentage/proportion of men than women are found in managerial positions.2）People buy more white cars than red cars.3) White, which is 56.11%, is considerably more common than blue, which makes up 12.72%.4) The other colors, which constitute 3.12%, are considerably less popular than blue 12.72%.5) It is noticeable that Japan and Korea have similar profiles.6) There is not a great deal of difference between the percentage of men doing other forms of manual work (28%) and women in other manual work (32%).7) These figures were overwhelmingly greater than the corresponding figures of $160 in Peru and $ 130 in Zaire.7. 描述具体数据1）They account for one-sixth of the population.2) In 1950, more than 50% of people traveled to work on their own. However, by 1990, less than 20% of travelers were cycling or walking to work.3) By 1970, approximately one out of every four travelers drove to work.4) Although 77.4% of the population worked in natural resources in 1992, they produced only 19.2% of GDP.5) The 3.6% of the population who worked in industry produced 15.4% of GDP, and the 15.2% who worked I the service sector produced 58% of GDP.6) In 1975, for example, some 300 000 men and 250 000 women worked in the communication sector.7) The table shows that Japan and Canada had annual incomes of $15760 and $11100 per person respectively.Smoking in UK The graph compares the population of smoking in males and females in the UK between 1960 and 2004. It is clear that the population of smoking for both men and women made a steady decrease from 1985. In 1960, about 700,000 men were smoking, and this number dropped gradually to 50,000 by 1974 and continued to decrease until 2004. On the contrary, the population of smoking in women in 1960 was fairly low and was about 50,000. By 1970 this figure increased to 100,000 and 200,000 in 1980. But after 1985, the number of smoking in female began to decline and continued on this downward turn until 2004. In conclusion, the population of smoking in men and women dropped significantly throughout the period. But the smoking population of women remained lower than that of men during the entire period. The line curve above illustrates the number of patien