2026年最-新船员适任证书考试(三副)航海英语试题与答案

2026年最新船员适任证书考试(三副)航海英语试题与答案试题部分第一部分客观题（单项选择题，共40题，每题1.5分，总计60分。每题只有1个正确答案，多选、错选、不选均不得分）1.Accordingtothe2025updatedIMOe-Navigationguidelines,thecorefunctionof"RoutePlanning&Exchange"isdesignedto____.A.AvoidcollisionentirelyinnarrowwaterareasB.ShareintendedrouteswithnearbyvesselsandVTStoreducenavigationrisksC.AutomaticallyadjustshipspeedtomeetCIIemissionrequirementsD.Replacemanualwatchkeepingduringopenseavoyages2.AsperMARPOLAnnexVI2024amendment,theCarbonIntensityIndicator(CII)ratingofashipthatrequiresamandatorycorrectiveactionplanis____.A.GradeAB.GradeCC.GradeED.GradeB3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisinfullcompliancewithCOLREGsRule7(RiskofCollision)?A.Ifthereisanydoubtthatriskofcollisionexists,suchriskshallbedeemedtoexistB.Riskofcollisioncanberuledoutsolelybasedonlong-rangeradarscanningC.VisualobservationisnotrequiredwhenARPAfunctionisactivatedD.Smallvesselswithspeedlessthan5knotscanbeignoredduringriskassessment4.Whennavigatinginatrafficseparationscheme(TSS)asperCOLREGsRule10,avesselshall____.A.CrossthetrafficlaneatanyangletosavesailingtimeB.UsetheappropriatetrafficlaneinthegeneraldirectionoftrafficflowforthatlaneC.AnchorinthetrafficlanefreelywhenengineminorfaultoccursD.Sailclosetotheseparationzonetoavoidlargevessels5.AsperSOLASChapterV2025amendment,allocean-goingvesselsabove300GTshallbeequippedwith____compatibleEPIRBbefore1January2026.A.GLONASSB.GalileoC.BeiDouD.GPSonly6.TheminimumdistancebetweenClass9lithiumbattery(UN3480)containersandaccommodationareasrequiredbyIMDGCode(2024-2025edition)is____.A.8mB.12mC.6mD.10m7.AsperMARPOLAnnexV2023amendment,whichofthefollowinggarbageisallowedtobedischargedintheArcticSpecialArea?A.Foodwastecomminutedtolessthan25mm,12nauticalmilesfromnearestlandB.PlasticgarbageC.DomesticwasteD.Cookingoil8.Whenrecordingnavigationlogentries,thestandardabbreviationfor"estimatedtimeofarrival"is____.A.ETDB.ETAC.ATAD.ETD9.TherequiredminimumbreakingstrengthofcontainerlashingequipmentasperSOLASChapterVI2024amendmentis____timestheratedworkingload.A.1.8B.2.0C.1.5D.2.510.Whichofthefollowingisthestandardtermforameteorologicalsystemwhosecentralpressuredropsbymorethan24hPain24hours?A.TropicalcycloneB.ExplosivecycloneC.ColdfrontD.Warmocclusion11.WhencommunicatingwithVTSonstandardVHFchannels,thefirstsentenceoftheinitialcallshouldbe____.A.[VTSName],thisis[VesselName],callingB.MypositionisXXX,mycourseisXXXC.Ineedtoentertheport,pleasegiveinstructionD.Whatisthecurrenttrafficsituation?12.AsperSTCW2010ManilaAmendment2024revision,allthirdofficersshallcompletemandatory____trainingbeforetakingwatchkeepingduties.A.ShipcybersecurityB.MarinebiologyC.CargoloadingcalculationD.Weldingoperation13.Theabbreviation"GM"inshipstabilityrefersto____.A.GrosstonnageB.MetacentricheightC.GeneralmaximumdraftD.Grossmass14.WhichofthefollowingdocumentsshallbecarriedonboardwhentransportingdangerousgoodsasperSOLASChapterVII?A.DangerousGoodsManifestB.CargoplanC.StowageplanD.Alloftheabove15.Whenatanchorandvisibilityreducestolessthan2nauticalmiles,thedutythirdofficershallfirst____.A.SoundtherequiredfogsignalsatregularintervalsB.WakeupthecaptainimmediatelyC.WeighanchorandmovetoopenseaD.BroadcastwarningmessagesonVHFCH16continuously16.TheSART(SearchandRescueTransponder)shallbeactivated____whenadistresssituationoccurs.A.OnlyafterreceivingRCCinstructionB.ImmediatelywhentheshipisabandonedC.OnlywhennearbyvesselsaredetectedD.2hoursafterdistressalertissent17.AsperMARPOLAnnexI,whenanoilspillofmorethan100litersoccurs,thefirstreporttothenearestcoastalstateshallincludeallthefollowingEXCEPT____.A.ShipnameandIMOnumberB.TimeandpositionofthespillC.TypeandquantityofoilspilledD.Detailedfinancialcompensationplan18.Whenapilotisembarkingthevessel,thedutythirdofficershallensurethatthepilotladderissecuredandextended____abovethewatersurface.A.1-2mB.3-4mC.5-6mD.0.5-1m19.Thestandardalarmpromptforsteeringgearpowerfailureis____.A.SteeringgearpowerlossalarmB.SteeringgearoillowlevelalarmC.SteeringgearsystemerrorD.Rudderangledeviationalarm20.ThestandardabbreviationfortropicalloadlineaspertheInternationalConventiononLoadLinesis____.A.TB.SC.WD.F21.WhichofthefollowingparametersisNOTincludedinCIIcalculation?A.TotalfuelconsumptionduringthevoyageB.TotalsailingdistanceC.Ship'sgrosstonnageD.Numberofcrewonboard22.AsperCOLREGsRule19(ConductofVesselsinRestrictedVisibility),avesseldetectinganothervesselbyradaraloneshall____ifclose-quarterssituationisdeveloping.A.TakeavoidingactioninampletimeB.MaintaincourseandspeeduntilvisualcontactismadeC.SpeeduptopasstheothervesselassoonaspossibleD.Turntoportforavesselontheportbow23.Thestandardabbreviationfornavigationalwarningsissuedbyhydrographicofficesis____.A.NM(NoticetoMariners)B.MS(MarineSafety)C.PI(PortInformation)D.NW(NavigationalWarning)24.AsperGMDSSrequirements,NAVTEXmessagesarebroadcastonthefrequencyof____.A.518kHzB.156.8MHzC.2182kHzD.406MHz25.AsperSTCW2024revisiononfatiguemanagement,theminimumrestperiodfordutyofficersbeforetakingoverawatchis____hours,ofwhichatleast6hoursshallbecontinuous.A.8B.10C.12D.626.BeforereleasingthefixedCO2fireextinguishingsystemtotheengineroom,thedutyofficershallfirst____.A.EnsureallpersonnelhaveevacuatedtheengineroomB.CloseallventilationopeningsoftheengineroomC.ActivatethefirealarmD.Notifythechiefengineer27.Whichofthefollowingisthestandardpilotageinstructionmeaning"Steer10degreestostarboard"?A.Starboard10B.Steer10starboardC.Right10D.Turnstarboard1028.AsperMARPOLAnnexVI,themaximumsulfurcontentoffueloilusedinEmissionControlAreas(ECA)is____.A.0.1%m/mB.0.5%m/mC.1.0%m/mD.0.05%m/m29.Whichofthefollowingnavigationalwarninglevelsindicatesanimmediatedangertonavigation?A.WARNINGB.CAUTIONC.ADVISORYD.INFORMATION30.Thestandardtermforthedistancetraveledbytheshipfromthetimetherudderisputovertowhentheshiphasturned90degreesfromtheoriginalcourseis____.A.AdvanceB.TacticaldiameterC.TransferD.Turningcircle31.AsperSOLASChapterXI,themastershallsubmitamaritimesafetyreporttotheflagstatewithin____hoursafteraseriousmarineincidentoccurs.A.24B.48C.72D.1232.AsperSOLASChapterV2025amendment,thebackupsystemforECDISshall____.A.BeapaperchartsetthatcoverstheentirevoyageB.BeanindependentECDISunitwithseparatepowersupplyC.EitherAorB,dependingonshiptypeD.Nobackupisrequiredforshipsbelow10000GT33.Whichofthefollowingstowagecategoriesfordangerousgoodsmeans"maybecarriedondeckorunderdeck"?A.StowageCategoryAB.StowageCategoryBC.StowageCategoryCD.StowageCategoryD34.Whenonmooringduty,thedutythirdofficershallensurethatallmooringlinesare____.A.TightenedasmuchaspossibleB.EvenlystressedandregularlycheckedfortensionchangesC.OnlysecuredtobollardsontheshoresideD.Leftslacktoaccommodatetidechanges35.AsperSOLASChapterV2024amendment,theAISsystemonboardshallbecapableofreceivingandtransmitting____positiondata.A.Multi-constellationsatellitenavigationB.GPSonlyC.GLONASSonlyD.BeiDouonly36.Whichofthefollowingisthestandardtermforafrontwherecoldairisreplacingwarmairatthesurface?A.ColdfrontB.WarmfrontC.StationaryfrontD.Occludedfront37.WhensendingaMAYDAYdistressalert,thefirstcontenttobetransmittedaftertheword"MAYDAY"repeatedthreetimesis____.A.ShipnameandcallsignB.PositionoftheshipC.NatureofdistressD.Numberofpersonnelonboard38.TheOilDischargeMonitoringEquipment(ODME)requiredbyMARPOLAnnexIshallautomaticallystopthedischargewhen____.A.Theoilcontentoftheeffluentexceeds15ppmB.Theshipiswithin12nauticalmilesfromnearestlandC.TheshipisinaspecialareaD.Alloftheabove39.Whichofthefollowingisthecoreresponsibilityofathirdofficeraspership'ssafetymanagementsystem?A.Maintenanceofallfirefightingandlife-savingappliancesB.CargoloadingcalculationC.MainengineoperationmonitoringD.Deckequipmentmaintenance40.Amaritimedeclarationshallbesubmittedtotheportauthoritywithin____hoursafterthevesselarrivesattheportifthevesselencounteredheavyweatherduringthevoyage.A.24B.48C.72D.12第二部分情境分析题（共3题，总计25分。要求结合相关公约、规则及船舶实操规范作答，答案需逻辑清晰，表述准确）1.（8分）你轮为12000TEU集装箱船，2026年7月12日0830LT在新加坡海峡分道通航制区域航行，航向075°，航速18节，你作为值班三副，雷达观测到你船右舷30°方位、距离3.5海里处有一散货船航向010°、航速12节，正形成交叉相遇局面，同时VTS发布信息称你船前方2海里处有一小型渔船群正在作业，能见度当前为4海里并呈下降趋势。请回答以下问题：（1）请用标准航海英语表述你与来船的VHF沟通的完整流程；（2）请列出你在该情境下需执行的避碰操作及值班注意事项，至少4项。2.（9分）你轮装载220个UN3480类别（锂离子电池）集装箱，拟从上海港驶往洛杉矶港，开航前大副安排你负责危险品积载的核查工作，核查过程中你发现其中2个集装箱的积载位置距离居住处所仅8米，且该批次集装箱未粘贴最新版的9类危险品标识，同时部分系固索具的破断拉力仅为额定负荷的1.8倍。请结合IMDG规则（2024-2025版）、SOLAS相关要求回答：（1）上述三个问题分别违反了哪些具体规定？（2）请用英文撰写你向大副提交的核查报告的核心内容（不少于100词）。3.（8分）你轮在北大西洋航行时，一名水手在甲板作业时不慎落水，你作为值班三副第一时间发现险情，当前海况为蒲氏6级风，浪高2.5米，水温12℃。请回答：（1）请列出你发现人员落水后的第一时间操作流程（不少于5项）；（2）请用标准英文表述你向RCC发送的遇险报警的核心内容。第三部分英文写作题（总计15分）你轮为载重吨68000吨的散货船，船名MVPEACEOCEAN，IMO编号9876543，呼号BVOZ8，2026年9月18日1720UTC在北纬32°15′、东经125°30′处航行时，主机高压油管突发破裂导致主机全失速，你船立即启动应急预案，释放双锚锚泊，经轮机部排查故障修复时间预计为12小时，当前该海域通航密度较大，能见度为3海里。请你以三副的身份撰写一份向附近船舶及上海VTS发送的安全公告（SafetyNotice），要求符合GMDSS通信规范，内容完整，表述准确，字数不少于180词。参考答案及解析第一部分客观题答案及解析1.答案：B。解析：2025年IMO更新的e-Navigation导则明确，航线规划与交互功能核心是实现船舶间、船舶与VTS间的预设航线共享，降低碰撞及搁浅风险。A选项“完全避免碰撞”表述绝对，C属于船舶碳排放管理系统功能，D违反STCW关于人工值班的强制要求。2.答案：C。解析：MARPOL附则VI2024修正案规定，CII评级为E级的船舶需提交强制性整改计划，连续两年评级为D级也需提交整改计划，A、B、C级属于正常合规评级。3.答案：A。解析：COLREGs第7条明确规定，若对是否存在碰撞风险有任何怀疑，应认定存在碰撞风险。B选项错误，不得仅依靠远距离雷达观测排除碰撞风险；C选项错误，ARPA功能不能替代视觉瞭望；D选项错误，任何船舶都应纳入碰撞风险评估范围。4.答案：B。解析：COLREGs第10条规定，船舶在分道通航制区域航行时应使用对应通航分道，沿分道交通总流向行驶。A选项错误，穿越通航分道应尽可能与分道总流向成直角穿越；C选项错误，不得在通航分道内随意锚泊；D选项错误，应尽可能远离分隔带。5.答案：C。解析：SOLAS第V章2025修正案要求，2026年1月1日起所有300总吨以上远洋船舶需配备兼容北斗系统的EPIRB，提升遇险定位精度和可靠性。6.答案：B。解析：IMDG规则2024-2025版明确规定，UN3480类锂离子电池集装箱积载位置距离居住处所、救生站的最小距离为12米，避免电池热失控危及人员安全。7.答案：A。解析：MARPOL附则V2023修正案规定，北极特殊区域内仅允许排放粉碎至25mm以下的食品废弃物，且需距离最近陆地12海里以上，塑料、生活垃圾、食用油均严禁排放。8.答案：B。解析：ETA为EstimatedTimeofArrival的标准缩写，ETD为预计离港时间，ATA为实际到港时间。9.答案：B。解析：SOLAS第VI章2024修正案要求，集装箱系固索具的最小破断拉力为额定工作负荷的2倍，题干中1.8倍不符合要求。10.答案：B。解析：爆发性气旋的标准定义为24小时内中心气压下降超过24hPa的温带气旋，多发生在北大西洋、北太平洋冬季，伴随强风大浪，对航行安全影响极大。11.答案：A。解析：VHF通信标准流程规定，初始呼叫应首先通报呼叫对象和本船名称，再陈述需求，其余选项不符合标准通信规范。12.答案：A。解析：STCW2024修订案新增要求，所有值班驾驶员需完成强制性船舶网络安全培训，防范电子海图、GMDSS、主机控制系统等被网络攻击的风险。13.答案：B。解析：GM是MetacentricHeight（初稳性高度）的标准缩写，是衡量船舶稳性的核心参数。14.答案：D。解析：SOLAS第VII章规定，运输危险品的船舶需随船携带危险品舱单、积载图、货物清单等全套文件，供港口国检查使用。15.答案：A。解析：能见度不良锚泊时，值班驾驶员首先应按规则鸣放雾号，再视情况报告船长、发布安全提醒，无需立即起锚或连续广播。16.答案：B。解析：SART应在弃船时立即激活，无需等待RCC指令，便于搜救船舶和飞机定位。17.答案：D。解析：溢油初始报告无需包含详细赔偿计划，只需通报船舶信息、溢油时间位置、溢油种类数量等核心信息，赔偿方案为后续处置内容。18.答案：A。解析：引航员登离船安全规范要求，引航梯应高出水面1-2米，方便引航员登船，过高或过低都存在安全风险。19.答案：A。解析：舵机动力丢失的标准报警提示为Steeringgearpowerlossalarm，其余选项分别对应舵机油位低、系统错误、舵角偏差报警。20.答案：A。解析：热带载重线的标准缩写为T（Tropical），S为夏季载重线，W为冬季载重线，F为淡水载重线。21.答案：D。解析：CII计算参数包括航次总燃油消耗、总航行里程、船舶总吨，与船上船员数量无关。22.答案：A。解析：COLREGs第19条规定，能见度不良时仅通过雷达探测到他船，若即将形成紧迫局面，应及早采取避让行动，禁止对左舷的船向左转向，不得保向保速或加速通过。23.答案：A。解析：NoticetoMariners（NM）是海道测量部门发布的航海通告的标准缩写，包含航标变动、浅滩、沉船等航行安全信息。24.答案：A。解析：NAVTEX的标准播发频率为518kHz，156.8MHz为VHF16频道频率，2182kHz为MF遇险频率，406MHz为EPIRB发射频率。25.答案：B。解析：STCW2024疲劳管理规定，值班人员接班前最少休息时间为10小时，其中连续休息时间不少于6小时，禁止疲劳值班。26.答案：A。解析：释放机舱固定CO2系统前必须首先确认所有人员已撤离机舱，避免人员窒息伤亡，其余操作为后续步骤。27.答案：A。解析：标准引航指令中，“右舵10”的表述为Starboard10，符合IMO标准航海通信用语规范。28.答案：A。解析：MARPOL附则VI规定，排放控制区内燃油硫含量上限为0.1%m/m，非排放控制区为0.5%m/m。29.答案：A。解析：WARNING级别的航行警告表示对航行有即时危险，CAUTION为潜在危险，ADVISORY为安全提示。30.答案：B。解析：战术直径是指船舶从操舵到转向90度时的航行距离，是衡量船舶操纵性的核心参数。31.答案：A。解析：SOLAS第XI章规定，严重海事事故发生后，船长需在24小时内向船旗国提交海事安全报告。32.答案：C。解析：SOLAS2025修正案规定，ECDIS备份系统可选择覆盖全航程的纸质海图，或独立供电的备用ECDIS单元，两种方式均合规。33.答案：B。解析：IMDG规则规定，积载类别B指可装载在甲板或舱内，A为仅可舱内装载，C为仅可甲板装载。34.答案：B。解析：系泊值班时应确保所有缆绳受力均匀，定期检查张力变化，避免过紧或过松，防止缆绳断裂。35.答案：A。解析：SOLAS2024修正案要求，AIS需支持多星座卫星导航数据的收发，包括GPS、北斗、GLONASS等，提升定位可靠性。36.答案：A。解析：冷锋的定义为冷气团主动向暖气团移动的锋面，伴随大风、降温、降水等天气。37.答案：A。解析：MAYDAY报警发送顺序为：三次MAYDAY→船名呼号→遇险位置→遇险性质→需求→其他信息。38.答案：D。解析：ODME会在排放污水含油量超过15ppm、船舶距离陆地不足12海里、船舶在特殊区域内时自动停止排放，符合MARPOL附则I要求。39.答案：A。解析：三副的核心职责为全船消防、救生设备的维护保养和定期检查，货物配载为大副职责，主机监控为轮机部职责，甲板设备维护为水手长职责。40.答案：A。解析：航行中遭遇恶劣天气的船舶，需在抵港后24小时内向港口当局提交海事声明，声明货物可能存在的损坏，免除船方责任。第二部分情境分析题参考答案1.（1）VHF沟通流程：①切换到VHFCH16，呼叫来船：“M/VBulkCarrier[对方船名],thisisM/VContainerShip[本船名],callingonchannel16,over”②收到对方应答后，约定工作频道：“M/VBulkCarrier[对方船名],pleaseswitchtochannel13forcommunication,over”③切换到CH13后通报本船动态及避让意图：“M/VBulkCarrier[对方船名],thisisM/VContainerShip[本船名].Mypositionis01°15′N,104°30′E,course075degrees,speed18knots.Weareincrosssituation,Iintendtoaltercoursetostarboardtopassyourportside,pleaseconfirmyouraction,over”④收到对方确认避让意图后回复：“Roger,Iwillmaintaincourse090degreesuntilwepassclear.Thankyouforyourcooperation,out”（2）避碰操作及注意事项：①立即安排专人加强瞭望，开启雷达ARPA功能对右舷来船、前方渔船群持续跟踪，设置碰撞预警阈值；②按照交叉相遇局面规则及早采取大幅度右转行动，给右舷来船让路，同时避开前方渔船群，转向幅度不小于30度，确保来船可通过雷达观测到明确避让动作；③按能见度不良要求鸣放雾号，开启所有航行灯，立即将当前局面和避碰操作报告船长，通知机舱备车；④核对ECDIS航线数据，确认转向后水域水深充足，无水下障碍物、养殖区等风险点；⑤持续向新加坡VTS通报本船动态，接收VTS交通组织指令，避让完成后恢复原航线航行。2.（1）违规内容：①锂电池集装箱距离居住处所仅8米，违反IMDG规则2024-2025版关于UN3480类货物积载距离居住处所最小12米的要求；②未粘贴最新版9类危险品标识，违反SOLAS第VII章关于危险品集装箱需粘贴符合最新IMDG规则要求的标识的规定，2023年之后9类锂电池标识新增了电池热失控警示图标；③系固索具破断拉力为额定负荷的1.8倍，违反SOLAS第VI章关于系固索具最小破断拉力为额定负荷2倍的要求，存在系固失效风险。（2）核查报告核心内容：```To:ChiefOfficerFrom:ThirdOfficerDate:10July2026Subject:InspectionReportofUN3480DangerousGoodsContainersDearChiefOfficer,Ihavecompletedtheinspectionof220UN3480lithiumbatterycontainersbeforedeparture.Duringtheinspection,Ifoundthreenon-conformities:first,twocontainersstowedatbay12starboardsideareonly8metersawayfromtheaccommodationarea,whichdoesnotmeetthe12-meterrequirementofIMDGCode2024-2025edition.Second,all220containersarenotpastedwiththelatestversionofClass9dangerousgoodsmarkswithlithiumbatterywarningicon.Third,12setsoflashingwiresusedforthesecontainershavebreakingstrengthofonly1.8timestheratedworkingload,whichislowerthanthe2.0timesrequiredbySOLASChapterVI.Itisrecommendedtoadjustthestowagepositionofthetwocontainers,replacethedangerousgoodsmarksandunqualifiedlashingequipmentbeforedeparturetoavoidportstatecontroldetention.Regards,ThirdOfficer```3.（1）第一时间操作流程：①立即高喊“人员落水”，抛出救生圈带自亮浮灯和烟雾信号到落水人员位置；②按下驾驶台人员落水报警按钮，记录落水时间、船位、航向航速、海况等信息；③下达舵令“右满舵”，避免船尾螺旋桨打到落水人员，同时将航速降到最低；④立即向船长报告人员落水险情，通知全船启动人员落水应急预案；⑤开启雷达、AIS对落水人员位置进行标记，安排专人瞭望持续跟踪落水人员位置；⑥准备好救生艇筏、救助艇，通知医护人员做好急救准备。（2）向RCC报警核心内容：```MAYDAY,MAYDAY,MAYDAYThisisMVOCEANSTAR,MVOCEANSTAR,MVOCEANSTARCallsign:BCD23,IMOnumber:9765432Position:45°20′N,30°15′WDistresssituation:Onecrewmemberfelloverboardat1230UTCtodaySeacondit