赏析PercyByssheShelley.doc

Percy Bysshe Shelley Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1827), English Romantic poet who rebelled against English politics and conservative values. Shelley drew no essential distinction between poetry and politics, and his work reflected the radical ideas and revolutionary optimism of the era. Percy Bysshe Shelley was born on August 4, 1792, at Field Place, near Horsham in Sussex, into an aristocratic family. His father, Timothy Shelley, was a Sussex squire and a Member of Parliament. Shelley attended Syon House Academy and Eton and in 1810 he entered the Oxford University College. In 1811 Shelley was expelled from the college for publishing The Necessity of Atheism, which he wrote with Thomas Jefferson Hogg. Shelleys father withdrew his inheritance in favor of a small annuity, after he eloped with the 16-year old Harriet Westbrook, the daughter of a London tavern owner. The pair spent the following two years traveling in England and Ireland, distributing pamphlets and speaking against political injustice. In 1813 Shelley published his first important poem, the atheistic Queen Mab. The poets marriage to Harriet was a failure. In 1814 Shelley traveled abroad with Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, the daughter of the philosopher and anarchist William Godwin (1756-1836). Marys young stepsister Claire Claremont was also in the company. During this journey Shelley wrote an unfinished novella, The Assassins (1814). Their combined journal, Six Weeks Tour, reworked by Mary Shelley, appeared in 1817. After their return to London, Shelley came into an annual income under his grandfathers will. Harriet drowned herself in the Serpentine in 1816. Shelley married Mary Wollstonecraft and his favorite son William was born in 1816. Shelley spent the summer of 1816 with Lord Byron at Lake Geneva, where Byron had an affair with Claire. Shelley composed the Hymn To Intellectual Beauty and Mont Blanc. In 1817 Shelley published The Revolt Of Islam and the much anthologized Ozymandias appeared in 1818. Among Shelleys popular poems are the Odes To the West Wind and To a Skylark and Adonis, an elegy for Keats. In 1818 the Shelleys moved to Italy, where Byron was residing. In 1819 they went to Rome and in 1820 to Pisa. Shelleys works from this period include Julian And Maddalo, an exploration of his relations with Byron and Prometheus Unbound, a lyrical drama. The Cenci was a five-act tragedy based on the history of a 16th-century Roman family, and The Mask of Anarchy was a political protest which was written after the Peterloo massacre. In 1822 the Shelley household moved to the Bay of Lerici. There Shelley began to write The Triumph of Life. To welcome his friend Leigh Hunt, he sailed to Leghorn. During the stormy return voyage to Lerici, his small schooner the Ariel sank and Shelley drowned with Edward Williams on July 8, 1822. The bodies were washed ashore at Viareggio, where, in the presence of Lord Byron and Leigh Hunt, they were burned on the beach. Shelley was later buried in Rome.西风颂O Wild West Wind, thou breathe of autumns being, Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing, Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red, Pestilence-stricken multitudes: O thou, Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed The winged seeds, where they lie cold and low, Each likes a corpse within its grave, until Thine azure sister of the spring hall blow Her clarion oer the dreaming earth, and fill (Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air) With living hues and odours plain and hill: Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere; Destroyer and preserver; hear, oh hear! 1 狂野的秋风啊，你这秋的精气！ 没看见你出现，枯叶已被扫空， 像群群鬼魂没见法师就逃避 它们或枯黄焦黑，或苍白潮红， 真是遭了瘟灾的一大片；你呀， 你把迅飞的种子载送去过冬， 让它们僵睡在黑黢黢的地下， 就像尸体在各自的墓里安躺， 直到你那蔚蓝的春天妹妹呀 对梦乡中的大地把号角吹响， 叫羊群般的花苞把大气吸饮， 又让山野充满了色彩和芳香。 狂野的精灵，你正在四处巡行， 既拉朽摧枯又保护。哦，你听！ II Thou on whose stream, mid the steep skys commotion, Loose clouds like earths decaying leaves are shed, Shook from the tangled boughs of Heaven and Ocean, Angels of rain and lightning: there are spread On the blue surface of thane arty surge, Like the bright hair uplifted from the head Of some fierce Maenad, even from the dim verge Of the horizon to the zeniths height, The locks of the approaching storm. Thou dirge Of the dying year, to which this closing night Will be the dome of a vast sepulchre, Vaulted with all thy congregated might Of vapours, from whose solid atmosphere Black rain, and fire, and hail will burst: oh hear!2 你呀，乱云是雨和闪电的使者， 正是在你震荡长空的激流上 闪电被冲得像树上枯叶飘落， 也从天和海错综的枝头骤降： 宛若有个暴烈的酒神女祭司 把她银发从幽暗的地平线上 直竖向中天，只见相像的发丝 在你汹涌的蓝莹莹表面四起， 宣告暴风雨的逼近。残年濒死， 你是它挽歌，而正在合拢的夜 便是它上接天穹的崇墓巨陵 笼着你聚起的全部水汽之力， 而黑雨、电火和冰雹也都将从 这浓云中迸发而下。哦，你听！ III Thou who didst waken from his summer dreams The blue Mediterranean, where he lay, Lulld by the coil of his crystalline streams, Beside a pumice isle in Baiaes bay, And saw in sleep old palaces and towers Quivering within the waves intenser day, All overgrown with azure moss and flowers So sweet, the sense faints picturing them! Thou For whose path the Atlantics level powers Cleave themselves into chasms, while far below The sea-blooms and the oozy woods which wear The sapless foliage of the ocean, know Thy voice, and suddenly grow gray with fear, And tremble and despoil themselves: oh hear!3 你呀，在巴亚湾的浮石小岛旁 地中海躺着听它碧波的喧哗， 渐渐被催入它夏日里的梦乡， 睡眼只见在那强烈的波光下， 微微颤动着古老的宫殿城堡 那墙上满是青春苔藓和野花， 单想想那芬芳，心儿就会醉掉！ 你却又把它唤醒。为给你开路， 平坦的大西洋豁开深沟条条， 而在其深处，那些水底的花树、 枝叶譃曰有树汁的泥泞密林 也都能立刻就辨出你的号呼， 顿时因受惊而开始瑟缩凋零， 连颜色也变得灰暗。哦，你听！ IV If I were a dead leaf thou mightiest bear; If I were a swift cloud to fly with thee; A wave to pant beneath thy power, and share The impulse of thy strength, only less free Than thou, O uncontrollable! If even I were as in my boyhood, and could be The comrade of thy wanderings over Heaven, As then, when to outstrip thy skiey speed Scarce seemd a vision; I would neer have striven As thus with thee in prayer in my sore need. Oh, lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud! I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed! A heavy weight of hours has chaind and bowd One too like thee: tame less, and swift, and proud.4 我若是被你托起的一片枯叶； 我若是随你飞驰的一团云朵； 我若是浪涛在你威力下喘息， 分享你有力的冲动，那自由，哦！ 仅次于不羁的你；我若是仍然 在我的童年时代，仍然能够做 你在天空邀游时的忠实伙伴 因为那时，奔得比你快也未必 是梦想；那我就不会如此艰难， 无须这样哀求你。请把我掀起， 哦，就当我是枯叶、云朵或浪涛！ 我，跌倒在人生荆棘上，滴着血！ 我，太像你：倔强、敏捷又高傲， 但岁月的重负把我拴牢、压倒。V Make me thy lyre, even as the forest is: What if my leaves are falling like its own! The tumult of thy mighty harmonies Will take from both a deep, autumnal tone, Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, Spirit fierce, My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one! Drive my dead thoughts over the universe Like witherd leaves to quicken a new birth! And, by the incantation of this verse, Scatter, as from an unextinguishd hearth Ashes and sparks, my words among mankind! Be through my lips to unawakend earth The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind, If winter comes, can Spring be far behind5 让我像森林一样做你的诗琴， 哪伯我的叶像森林的叶凋落！ 这