现在完成时资料.doc

1、 Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him . A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know2、 He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?A. already B.never C.ever D.still 3、 Have you met Mr Li _？ A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago 4、 The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written 5、 Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . A.has changed ; well B.changed ; good C.has changed ; better D.changed ; better 6、 Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . A. was ; studying B. will ; study C. has ; studied D. are ;studying 7、 We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew 8、 Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . A.will see B.have seen C.saw D.see 9、 These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ? A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone 10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . A.Did ; do ; finished B.Have ; done ; finished C.Have ; done ; have finished D.will ; do ; finish 10、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in 12、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made 13、How long have you _ here ? About two months . A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived 14、 Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began 15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . A. is B. has C. will D. was 16、 Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library . A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been 17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 18、 The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they 19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China? A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20、 His uncle for more than 9 years. A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university 22. I _ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in 23.The factory _ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened 24. Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become 225.You mustnt_ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left 26. The meeting _ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over 27. Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to D. became 29. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned 30. How long _ he _ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead 31. He _ at eight yesterday afternoon. A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept 32. He _ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had 33.-How long _ you _ ill ? -Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been 34 .Since 2000, he _ his hometown. A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from 35. Ill lend you the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. Take 36.The bus _ on the road for 2 hours so far. A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been 37.Are you _ the jacket these days? A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on 38. He _ for 2 hours. 39. A. got up B. has got up C. has been up 39. Tom is ill in hospital. He _ a cold for several days. A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had 40. - How long can I _ the book? - Two weeks. A. borrow B. lend C. get D. Keep2、 句型转换。 1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑问句） 2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) have they been here?3、 The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) （动词填空） 4、 This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory _ for twenty years. 5、 Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago. 6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Her mother _ the Party three years _ . 7、 The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换) _ two years _ the Green family moved to France. 8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) _ 3、 汉译英。 1、 吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。 2、 他昨天收到一封信。 3、 我父亲以前到过长城。 4、 她还没有看过那部新电影。 5、 她去过上海。 6、 他这些天上哪儿去了？4、 单项选择。 1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大5、往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B。 2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故2应选B。 3、C 4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故4应选D。 5、C 6、现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故6应选C。 7、C 8、现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故8应选B。 9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday , last week , a moment ago等）连用。故9的正确答案为B。 10、B 11、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故11的正确答案依次为：D。 12、B 13、A 14、C 15、A。 16、“have/has gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用。“have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）。”故16的正确答案为A。 17、A 18、D 19、C 20、C 二、句型转换。 1、has he? 2、How long 3、died, has been dead 4、has been open 5、has been away 6、joined；ago 7、It is, since 8、The bus has been here for ten minutes. 三、汉译英。 1、Jim has finished doing his homework already. He is free now. 2、He received a letter yesterday. 3、My father has been to the Great Wall before. 4、She hasnt seen the new film yet. 5、She has been to Shanghai. 6、Where has he been these days？ 现在完成时的讲解1、 基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done) 肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他） 二、用法 1） 现在完成时的完成用法完成用法完成用法完成用法 现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况-灯现在不亮了。) I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.) 2） 现在完成时的未完成用法 指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。这里的动词要用持续性动词。常与for+时间段,since+时间点连用. 3） Mary has been ill for three days. 4） Mary has been ill since three days ago. 注意:1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用(如表示过去的时间状语, yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等，除非与for, since连用 .现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用不确定的过去时间状语连用 ,如already, yet, just, before, recently, still, lately等: He has already obtained a scholarship. I havent seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet ? 3. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语表示频度的时间状语表示频度的时间状语表示频度的时间状语连用, 如ever, never, twice, several times等: Have you ever been to Beijing I have never heard Bunny say anything against her. I have used this pen only three times. It is still good. George has met that gentleman several times. 4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用, 如up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present(now), so far等: Peter has written six papers so far. Up to the present everything has been successful. 5. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作We have had four texts this semester. I have learnt to sing this year,6. have been to 和have gone to的区别 have been to 强调强调强调强调“去过去过去过去过”，现已不在那里现已不在那里现已不在那里现已不在那里，如： He has been to the USA three times. 他到美国去过三次。（过去“到美国”，现在已“不在美国”） have gone to主要强调的是主要强调的是主要强调的是主要强调的是“去了去了去了去了”，现在人不在说话的现场现在人不在说话的现场现在人不在说话的现场现在人不在说话的现场，如： -Wheres your mother? -你妈妈在哪？ -She has gone to the hospital. -她去医院了。 has been in has been in has been in has been in 一直在某地一直在某地一直三、现在完成时考点例析 现在完成时是较难掌握、中考考查较多的时态。涉及的考点有： 一、考查其构成考查其构成考查其构成考查其构成 助动词have (has) +动词过去分词构成现在完成时。如： 1. Kates never seen Chinese films，_ ? A. hasnt she B. has she C. isnt she D. is she 析：陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式，又因Kates是Kate has的缩写，故选B。 2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句) His uncle _ posted the photos to him _. 析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑问句中，故填hasnt, yet。 3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So _her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have 析：so+助/系/情态动词+主语结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式保持一致，又后句的主语为her parents是复数,故选D。在某地一直在某地、考查考查考查考查其用法与标志词其用法与标志词其用法与标志词其用法与标志词 (一)当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时，常用现在完成时。如： 1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -_you_ your homework yet? A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished 2. -_ you _anywhere before? -Yes, but I cant remember where I_ A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed C. Did; surf; have surfed D. H(二)当句中有for +段时间或since +点时间等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。如： 1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice_he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. since D. for 析：主句用的是现在完成时，而从句用的是一般过去时，故选C。 2. Tom_the CD player for two weeks. A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 析：A、B、C均为非延续性动词，在肯定句中不与表段时间的短语连用，故选D。 3. I_a letter from him since he left. A. didnt receive B. havent got C. didnt have D. havent heard 析：据since可知，应排除A、C，hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb.意为收到某人的来信，故选B。 三、考查考查考查考查have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的区别的区别的区别的区别。如： 1. -Have you ever_Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors? -Yes, I have. A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to 析：据句中的have，排除A，B项意为去某地了，C项意为一直呆在某地，D项意为去过某地，符合题意，故选D。 2. My parents _ Shangdong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 析：本题句中有for+段时间结构，据此可排除C，B项意为去过某地，不合题意，Dave; surfed; have surfed 析：据yet和before可知,应用现在完成时，故1题选D，2题选D。2、 、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。如： 1. Suns aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正确的句子) 析：非延续性动词与段时间连用时，除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外，还可把动词改为一般过去时或借助句型Its +段时间+since+从句进行句子转换。故答案为：Suns aunt has been there for ten years. /Suns aunt went there ten years ago. /Its ten years since Suns aunt went there. 2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句) _more than ten years _Susan _to this city. 析：据上题分析，且since引导的从句要用一般过去时，故填It is, since, came。 3. I wont go to the concert because I _my ticket. A. lost B. dont lose C. have lost D. is coming 析：因我丢了票的动作发生在过去，而且对现在造成了我不能参加音乐会的结果，符合现完成时所表示的含意，故选C。3、 英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分，使用中应注意两者的区别使用中应注意两者的区别使用中应注意两者的区别使用中应注意两者的区别。 一、持续性动词: 表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间。 常见的study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write, clean , sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, sit, stand, lie, keep等。 2、 瞬间性动词: 表示一个动作发生在一瞬间，非常短暂。亦称终止性动词。 常见的-begin, start, finish, go, come, leave, find, get up, arrive, reach, get to, enter, hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up, set out, put on, get on/off等 瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，通常有两种方法： （1）用意思相当的持续性动词来替换 He has been in the army/a soldier for three years. (他参军已有3年了).不用has joined She has been up for quite some time.（她起床已有好久了。）不用has got up Has your brother been away from home for a long time? （离家已有好久了吗？）不用has left 4、 常用常用常用常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系： 1、gobe away 2、comebe here 3、come backbe back 4、leavebe away（be not here） 5、buyhave 6、borrowkeep 7、diebe dead 8、beginbe on 9、finishbe over 10、openbe open 11、closebe closed 12、 losebe lost 13、get to knowknow 14、turn onbe on 15、get upbe up 16、sit downsit/beseated 17、joinbe in（）或be amember 18、becomeb5、 （2）用it issince结构来替换瞬间动词 例如：电影已经开映5分钟了。（两种方法） （1）The film has been on for five minutes. （2）Its five minutes since the film began. 他离开上海已有3天了。（两种方法） （1）He has been away from Shanghai for three days. （2）It is three days since he left Shanghai. 这本书我还给图书馆已有两周了。（一种方法） Its two weeks since I returned the book to the library. 他找到他妹妹已有多久了？（一种方法） How long is it since be found his sister? 4、瞬间动词的否定形式瞬间动词的否定形式瞬间动词的否定形式瞬间动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用 例如：I havent seen you for a long time.（好久没见到你了。） 现在完成时专项练习单项选择题1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _whats happened to him . . knew . have known . must know . will know 2、 He has _ been to Shanghai, has he? . already . never . ever . still 3、Have you met Mr. Li _？ . just . ago .before .a moment ago 4、 The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written 5、 Our country _ a lot so far . Yes. I hope it will be even _. . has changed ; well . changed; good . has changed ; better . changed; better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . . was; studyin . will; study . has; studied . are; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . . Know . had known . have known . knew 8、 Harry Potter is a very nice film. I_ it twice . . will see . have seen . saw .see 9、 These farmers have been to the United States . Really? When _ there? . will they go . did they go . do they go . have they gone 10、 _ you _ your homework yet ? Yes. I _ it a moment ago. Did; do; finished .Have; done; finished .Have; done; have finished . will; do; finish 11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . . joined . has joined . was in D. has been in 12、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . . were . have been . have become . have made 13、How long have you _ here ? About two months. . been . gone . come . arrived 14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes. . has begun . had begun . has been on . began 15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . . is . has . will . was 16、 Miss Green isnt in the office. she _ to the library. . has gone . went .will go . has been 17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years. . have been in . have been to . have gone to . have been 18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they 19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China? A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20、 His uncle for more than 9 years. A. has come here B. has been here C. has came D. has coming二、句型转换。 1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑问句） 2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) have they been here? 3、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) （动词填空） 4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory _ for twenty years. 5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago. 6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Her mother _ the Party three years _. 7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换) _ two years _ the Green family moved to France. 8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) _ started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university 1、 三、汉译英。 1. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。（just） 2. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。(never) 3. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？ 4. 我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。 5. 他们已去了美国五年了。(for) 6. 在1992年他住在这里。(since) 一、构成 1.肯定句: 主语+have/has+过去分词+(其他）。 2. 否定句: 主语+have/has+not +过去分词+(其他）。 3. 一般疑问句 Have/has+主语+过去分词? Yes, S+have/has. No, S+have/hasnt. 二、特征词 already(肯定句) yet(否定句和疑问句) never，ever(疑问句) just (谓语动词之前) before(句末） so far= up to now, by now（到如今，迄今为止） in the past/last few years, (过去几年来) these days（这几天） since/ever since（自从，从那时起） for+ 时间段 :for two years 三、用法 1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 I have already seen the film.