高考英语二轮专题复习形容词与副词课件

2017高考二轮复习,形容词与副词,考点纵横,考纲解读,根据考试大纲,考生要具备在特定语境中选择恰当的形容词、副词的能力,掌握它们的语法特点及语义差异。由此可见,形容词和副词在高考试题中占很重要的地位。高考对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在以下两点: (1)形容词的比较级和最高级; (2)在具体语境中辨析形容词和副词语义。,考题导引,1(2016全国，41)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of_(great)and less importance. 2(2016全国，短文改错)The teenage years from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me .They were also the best and worse years in my life._ 3(2016全国，短文改错)At one time, I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them._ 4(2016四川，短文改错)At dinner, we said to Mom, “Happy Mothers Day！”She was grateful and moving._ 5. (2015四川，7)Andy is content with the toy.It is the _(good)he has ever got.,greater,worse worst,freely free,movingmoved,best,知识网络,一、形容词、副词的原级比较 1“as形容词/副词原级as”与“notas/so形容词/副词原级as”表示同级比较，即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同/不同。 Actually, Jack is as old as Jim. 事实上，杰克和吉姆(年龄)一样大。 He doesnt run so/as fast as his younger brother. 他没有他弟弟跑得快。,知识梳理,2当as . as结构中有名词时，可用以下结构： Today is as busy a day as yesterday. 今天跟昨天一样忙。 Henry does not have so/as many books as I have. 亨利的书没有我的书多。 3“as形容词原级as具体数字”表示“高/深/多 达”。 The temperature here is as high as 39. 这里的气温高达39摄氏度。 The building is as tall as 100 meters. 这座楼高达100米。,知识梳理,二、形容词、副词的比较级 1形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 (1)规则变化,知识梳理,知识梳理,知识梳理,有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加er和est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是：common, handsome, quiet, wicked, pleasant, cruel, stupid, tired和以ow，er结尾的词。 有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right (正确的), wrong (错误的), excellent (优秀的), possible (可能的), empty (空的)等。,名师指津,知识梳理,(2)不规则变化,知识梳理,2.形容词、副词比较级的用法 (1)比较级than .“比更”；less .than“不如”。 Seeking information on the Internet is more convenient than searching in a library. 在网上搜寻信息要比在图书馆里方便。 (2)比较级的修饰语常见的有：rather, much, still, even, far, any (用于否定句或疑问句), a lot, a little, a great deal, by far, a bit等。,知识梳理,The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting. Why? Its far more interesting than the films I have ever seen. 我不得不说这部电影真的没意思。 为什么？它比我看过的所有电影都有意思。 (3)the比较级，the比较级“越，越”。 The earlier the treatment is given, the better the patients chances. 病人越早接受治疗，康复的可能性就越大。,知识梳理,(4)the比较级of (the)名词/代词“(两者中)较的”。 Of the two cameras, I would prefer the smaller one, which is very easy for me to carry. 这两个照相机，我喜欢较小的一个，它容易携带。 三、形容词、副词的最高级 1三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。表示范围的标志词有in, of, among等。 Raymonds parents wanted him to have the best possible education.(2014全国大纲卷单选) 雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的教育。,知识梳理,2最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far, nearly, almost等。 This is by far the most inspiring movie that I have ever seen. (2013辽宁高考单选) 这是我曾看过的最鼓舞人心的电影了。 3最高级含义的其他表达法。 (1)“否定词语比较级”或“否定词语such/so . as”结构表示最高级含义。 Do you think that the Chinese National Games were a success? Yes, absolutely! It couldnt be better. 你认为这届中国全运会成功吗？ 是的，绝对成功！没有比它更好的了。,知识梳理,(2)比较级形式表示最高级含义。 Julia is taller than any other girl in her class. Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class. Julia is the tallest girl in her class. 朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。,知识梳理,4the last表示“最不可能的”“最不适合的”“最不希望的”等。 The last thing they want is to work in the red areas where life is hard. 他们最不乐意的是在生活艰难的红色区域里工作。 四、形容词(短语)作状语 形容词(短语)作状语表示伴随或结果，通常用来说明主语的情况，表示主语的状态、性质、特征等，但并不表示动作的方式。 After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired. 经过长时间旅行后，他们三个回到家，又饿又累。,知识梳理,五、副词作评论性状语 连接副词和修饰整个句子作评论性状语的副词，通常位于句首。有时也用于句中或句尾。 Thankfully, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end. 谢天谢地，我终于打完比赛了，所有的辛苦都是值得的。,知识梳理,形容词和副词的词性转换 1常见的形容词后缀,知识积累,知识梳理,知识梳理,知识梳理,知识梳理,知识梳理,2.形容词转换为副词,考点突破,考点1 形容词与副词的语境辨析 1.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most _ statements of how，and on what basis，data are collected. (2016江苏，31) A.explicit B.ambiguous C.original D.arbitrary,解析 考查形容词辨析。句意为：他全面的调查提供了关于如何收集信息及在什么基础上收集信息的最清楚明确的说明。explicit清楚的，明晰的，详述的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original起初的，原来的；arbitrary任意的，随心所欲的。,2.A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience，_ if you are travelling at high speed.(2016浙江，13) A.eventually B.strangely C.merely D.especially,解析 考查副词辨析。句意为：突然停下来可能是一次非常可怕的经历，尤其是你正在高速行驶时。especially特别，尤其，符合语境。eventually最终；strangely奇怪地；merely仅仅，只。,3.In this article，you need to back up general statements with _ examples.(2016浙江，16) A.specific B.permanent C.abstract D.universal,解析 考查形容词辨析。句意为：在这篇文章里，你需要用具体的例子来支持你的总体性陈述。specific具体的，特定的；permanent永久的；abstract抽象的；universal通用的，普遍的。根据句意可知选A。,4.Im so_to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.(2015安徽，26) A.special B.superior C.grateful D.attractive,解析 考查形容词辨析。句意为：我非常感激所有那些志愿者，因为他们帮我愉快地结束了糟糕的一天。special特殊的；superior优越的；grateful感激的；attractive有吸引力的。根据句意可知，这里是在向志愿者表达感激之情，故选C。,5.They gave money to the old peoples home either _ or through their companies.(2015安徽，31) A.legally B.sincerely C.personally D.deliberately,解析 考查副词辨析。句意为：他们或者亲自或者通过他们的公司给敬老院捐款。legally合法地，法律上；sincerely真诚地；personally亲自，当面，个别地，就自己而言；deliberately故意地，谨慎地，慎重地。根据through their companies可知personally为正确答案。,6.It was _ of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.(2015福建，23) A.careless B.considerate C.patient D.generous,解析 考查形容词辨析。句意为：Michael通知我们他要迟一会儿以防我们担心，他想得真周到。本句使用了It is/was considerate of sb.to do sth.这一结构。careless粗心的；considerate考虑周到的；patient有耐心的；generous慷慨的，大方的。,7.Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food comes from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was _ alive.(2015浙江，13) A.steadily B.instantly C.formerly D.permanently,解析 考查副词辨析。句意为：我们大多数人，如果对食物来源多少知道一点点的话，就会明白我们嘴里的每一口食物从前都是有生命的。formerly以前，从前，符合语境。steadily稳固地，坚定地，不动摇地；instantly立刻，马上；permanently永久地，长期不变地。,8.Listening is thus an active，not a _，behavior consisting of hearing，understanding and remembering.(2015浙江，14) A.considerate B.sensitive C.reliable D.passive,解析 考查形容词辨析。句意为：聆听是一种积极的行为，而不是被动的接受，它包括听、理解和记忆。passive被动的，消极的，与前面的active对应。considerate体贴的，体谅的；sensitive易受伤害的，易受影响的，敏感的；reliable可靠的，可信赖的。,9.The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _ review of the case.(2015江苏，31) A.comprehensive B.complicated C.conscious D.crucial,解析 考查形容词辨析。句意为：警官们决定对该案件进行一次彻底、详尽的审查。comprehensive综合的，详尽的；complicated复杂的；conscious有意识的；crucial至关重要的。根据and判断，所填词和thorough(彻底的，细致的)意思相近，故选A项。,考点归纳,解决词义辨析题的关键是牢记某些高频词的词义，掌握词义的有效 办法就是通过语境去记忆，通过背诵句子来记忆词汇的音、形、义。 1.Did he break it accidentally (by accident/by chance)? No，purposely (on purpose). 他是不小心把它打碎了吗？ 不是，是故意地。 2.Search your heart and ask if youre equally to blame. 扪心自问，你是不是同样也应该受到谴责。,3.Im especially (particularly) fond of pop songs. 我尤其喜欢流行音乐。 4.Eventually (Finally)，he made it. 他终于成功了。,创设语境牢记下列高考高频词汇： increasingly，largely，meanwhile，merely，completely，partly，practically，rarely，accessible，accurate，adaptable，addicted，adorable，affordable，aggressive，alternative，apparent，artificial，available，casual，cautious，complex，confident，constant，contradictory，controversial，dramatic，effective，flexible，frequent，individual，inevitable，optional，permanent，potential，relevant，skeptical，secure，sensitive，responsible，subtle，transparent，unique等。,考点2 形容词和副词的比较等级 1.I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend _ in the coming years.(2016浙江，18) A.little more B.no more C.much more D.many more,解析 考查比较级。句意为：我一直喜欢你组织的所有活动，希望在未来几年里能参加更多的活动。many more后省略了events。根据句意可知选D。,2.Andy is content with the toy.It is_ he has ever got. (2015四川，7) A.a better B.the better C.a best D.the best,解析 考查形容词的最高级。句意为：Andy对这个玩具很满意。这是他得到的最好的玩具。根据he has ever got可以推知这是“他得到的最好的玩具”，故选D。,考点归纳,1.否定词与比较级连用表达最高级的意义。 I cant agree more. 我完全同意。 2.比较级than any other单数名词/any of the other复数名词/the others/any of the others表示“某人/物比同一范围的任何一个人/物都”，含义是“某人(物)最”。 The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China/than any of the other rivers in China. 长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。,3.在倍数表达结构中，要把倍数放在比较结构前。 At a rough estimate，Nigeria is twice bigger than Great Britain. 粗略估算，尼日利亚的面积是大不列颠的3倍。 4.比较级前可用still，much，even，far，a lot，a bit，a great deal，以及分数、百分数等修饰，此时注意它们要放在比较级前。 Youre driving too fast.Can you drive a bit more slowly? 你开得太快了。你能开得慢些吗？,考点3 形容词作状语 Could you please explain the assignment for Monday，Miss Smith? Certainly.Read the next chapter and come to class _ to discuss what youve read. A.preparing B.prepared C.to prepare D.to be prepared,解析 句意为：史密斯小姐，请说明一下周一的任务好吗？当然可以。阅读下一章，来上课的时候准备好讨论你所读的内容。根据句子结构可知设空处应为状语，表示状态。此处prepared为过去分词转换为形容词，强调状态，说明到学校的时候已经准备好了。,考点归纳,形容词或形容词短语作状语用时，一般用逗号将其与句子的其余部分隔开。这种状语可位于句首、句末和句中，相当于一个状语从句，可表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间、条件、结果或让步。有时像非限制性定语从句一样，表示意义上的增补，其逻辑主语多为句子的主语。,考点4 常见的连接性副词 1.Thanks for your directions to the house；we wouldnt have found it _.(2014江西，23) A.nowhere B.however C.otherwise D.instead,解析 考查副词词义辨析。nowhere无处；however然而；otherwise否则，要不然；instead反而。句意为：谢谢你为我们指路，要不然我们找不到那所房子。故C项正确。,2.Its our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and，_，supply more jobs.(2014安徽，33) A.however B.anywhere C.therefore D.otherwise,解析 考查副词词义辨析。句意为：我们希望的是，我们能在市场发挥更大作用，因此，提供更多的就业机会。however然而，表转折关系；anywhere无论何处，表条件；therefore因此，表因果关系；otherwise否则，表相反的结果。根据句意选C。,考点归纳,1.表示增补：besides，further，then，similarly，likewise，moreover 2.表示等同：similarly，likewise，equally 3.表示对比：rather，oppositely 4.表示概括：altogether，generally 5.表示列举：first(ly)，second(ly)，finally 6.表示条件：otherwise,7.表示让步：however，still，yet，nevertheless，though，anyway 8.表示结果：therefore，consequently，accordingly，thus 9.表示时间过渡：meanwhile，sometimes，occasionally 10.表示同位关系：namely 11.表示着重特指：mainly，mostly，particularly，especially,考点5 形容词和副词的一些固定表达 1.The idea “happiness，”_，will not sit still for easy definition.(2014江苏，28) A.to be rigid B.to be sure C.to be perfect D.to be fair,2.What did you do last weekend? Oh，nothing _.(2014大纲全国，35) A.much B.else C.ever D.yet,解析,解析,解析 句意为：上周末你干什么了？哦，没(干)什么事。nothing much和nothing else是固定短语，nothing much意为“没什么事”，nothing else意为“没有别的东西，没有别的事情”；nothing不和ever构成固定短语，但可以一起用在句中，表示“没有什么事情曾经”；nothing和yet也不能构成固定短语，但也可以同时出现在句中。由语境可知，此处显然是表示“没什么事”，故A项正确。,1,2,考点归纳,1.to be sure诚然，无疑 to be rigid刻板地说，死板地说 to be perfect完美地说 to be fair公平而言 to be frank坦率地讲 2.good/nice and.很，非常，完全 3.much lessstill less(承接前述否定内容)更不用说 still more还有更多；更进一步,4.so much the better那样更好 for better or (for) worse不论是好是坏，不论是福是祸 5.Not a/one (little) bit！一点也不！ 6.last but not leastlast but by no means least最后但同样很重要的是,.单句填空 1.(2016全国)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which (gradual) turned into chopsticks. 2.(2016四川)Chinese scientists (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. 3.(2016江苏)His comprehensive surveys have provided the (explicit) statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.,真题感悟,gradually,recently,most explicit,4.(2015湖北)The girl used to be shy, but is (gradual) getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself. 5.(2014新课标)The river was so polluted that it _ (actual) caught fire and burned. 6.(2014新课标)Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is (clean) than ever. 7.(2014新课标)And the crowd of strangers _ (sudden) became friendly to one another.,gradually,actually,cleaner,suddenly,8.(2014辽宁)Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and (soft). 9.(2014辽宁)I cannot control my body well. My legs become _(pain). 10.(2014辽宁)It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well strong. 11.(2014辽宁)The (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you! 12.(2014广东)We had made our reservation six months_ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.,softly,painful,as,harder