材料物理性能实验报告.doc

材料物理性能实验报告一 实验目的： 了解压电常数，压敏性能，介电常数，电滞回线的测试方法和掌握相关测试仪器的使用方法。二 实验中的名词解释：压电性：由于晶体受外力形变而使内部正负电荷中心不重合出现极化产生电场的性能叫正压电效应，反之叫逆压电效应。压敏电阻器：具有非线性伏安特性并有抑制瞬态过电压作用的固态电压敏感元件。当端电压低于某一阈值时，压敏电阻的电流几乎等于零；超过此阈值时，电流值随端电压增大而急剧增加。介电常数：表征材料极化并储存电荷能力的物理量铁电性：某些晶体具有的自发极化，并且极化方向可随外场转向的性质。三 实验数据处理及分析：压电常数：厚度直径d33d33(平均)1.4710.21596264636662.81.4810.21163138145151152149.81.4710.041079895100104100.81.5810.111071029410398100.81.5210.13142135140146123137.2压电陶瓷片边缘处与中心处的d33相比变化不大压敏特性： 直径厚度14.791.6自动电压206.08电流电压0.15494.020.07681.730.05470.060.04161.280.02654.61直径厚度12.061.35自动电压60.41电流电压0.05455.820.03550.930.02645.290.01940.790.01335.46直径厚度14.991.5自动电压70.14电流电压0.00652.030.00445.340.00235.460.00130.030.00126.53直径厚度15.091.49自动电压96.44电流电压0.31780.110.29376.330.19770.870.14665.610.10760.68直径厚度15.191.52自动电压71.91电流电压0.64465.780.38160.210.26155.980.16150.410.10944.53压敏陶瓷随着电压增大，电流呈非线性变化介电常数：Hz（k）Cp（F）Dh（mm）d（mm）20540.280.00841.3110.21977295221376003.00 50539.580.00731.3110.21976029013752246.00 80541.540.007081.3110.21979574395098764.00 110546.4430.007131.3110.21988443275069162.00 140556.280.007221.3110.211006237109919010.00 Hz（k）Cp（F）Dh（mm）d（mm）20463.0790.03471.67900 50454.5520.034141.679.771144716622390740.00 80450.5210.034681.679.771134565192620640.00 110448.0570.035391.679.771128360002108730.00 140445.3610.03591.679.771121570556646020.00 Hz（k）Cp（F）Dh（mm）d（mm）20359.1730.02571.639.77882854696498608.00 50354.5910.027561.639.77871592045298890.00 80353.5740.028991.639.77869092238168790.00 110354.4130.030141.639.77871154517600603.00 140357.2290.031291.639.77878076304108330.00 Hz（k）Cp（F）Dh（mm）d（mm）20377.2140.027861.659.8932838943146102.00 50372.1310.029961.659.8920268836129895.00 80370.8860.031461.659.8917189988355907.00 110371.0020.03261.659.8917476852887460.00 140375.3770.033921.659.8928296097073158.00 Hz（k）Cp（F）Dh（mm）d（mm）20457.8170.037581.579.941047142704583170.00 50499.8520.033991.579.941143287329154020.00 80447.450.033351.579.941023430766366780.00 110471.2560.033981.579.941077881079975290.00 140443.7450.033821.579.941014956498874570.00 介电常数随着频率的增大而变化，变化曲线与所做的样品含量有关铁电性能BK-15BK-20BK-25极化电压加大，电畴转向程度高，剩余极化变大，以上随着外加电场增加，铁电体的剩余极化强度变大，所以图形变窄。五 实验小结： 通过这次实