书面表达简单句型.ppt

主语+ be+ 表语(名词/代词),【用法】在本句型中，名词或代词作表语，名词或代词可带附加成分。要注意主谓一致和时态问题。 Im a college student. It must be a grammar mistake,人类居住的唯一家园是地球。 失败为成功之母。 所有这些词典都对我帮助很大。 门口那辆摩托车不是我的。 倘若我是你，我就采纳他的建议。,The only home for man to live on is the earth.,Failure is the mother of success.,All these dictionaries are a great help to me.,The motorcycle at the gate is not mine.,If I were you, I follow take his advice.,主语+ be + 形容词 + (介词短语),【用法】在本句型中，形容词作表语。用于本句型的形容词有：一般形容词，如pleasant, fine, busy, warm, absent, rich, angry, different等；表语形容词，如ready, sure, certain, sorry, present, content, fond, alive, awake, asleep, alike, alone, afraid, ashamed, aware等。be rich in, be busy with, be responsible for, be angry with, be different from, be fond of,中国自然资源丰富。 王先生正忙于备课。 他对他儿子学习上的进步感到自豪。 他们缺少时间和钱。 你真糊涂，竟然相信他说的话。 他总是乐于助人。,China is rich in natural resources.,Mr. Wang is busy preparing for his lessons.,He is very proud of his sons progress in study.,They are short of time and money.,Its very foolish of you to believe what he said.,He is always ready to help others.,主语+ be + 介词短语,【用法】在本句型中，介词短语作表语，说明主语的情况。有些介词短语已成为固定的短语，不能随意变动。,Everything is in good order. All the workers are on strike,那条铁路正在修建中。 全班学生都反对这个计划。 他们是同一国籍。,That railway is under construction.,All the students in the class are against the plan,They are of the same nationality.,There + be + 主语 + 状语,【用法】在本句型中there仅起引导作用, 本身无词义。谓语在前, 主语在后, 形成主谓倒装。动词be表示“有”或“存在”。谓语动词应与其紧邻的主语保持一致。be有时态的变化, 也可加入情态动词。,There is going to be a football match tonight.(将来时) There used to be a cinema here before the war.(情态动词),桌上有盏灯，一本字典和几本笔记。 我的小车一定是出什么毛病了。 这里战前曾有一座电影院。 今年有个好收成。 这一对夫妇之间可能发生过争吵。 老师手里拿着几本书。,There is a lamp, a dictionary and some notebooks on the table.,There must be something wrong with my car.,There used to be a cinema here before the war.,There will be a good harvest this year.,There might have been a quarrel between the couple.,There are some books in the teachers hand.,There + be + 主语 + 定语,【用法】在there+be结构中, 非谓语动词可作定语, 相当于一个定语从句。如果被修饰对象和非谓语动词之间是主谓关系, 且表示正在进行/状态, 则用现在分词作定语; 如是动宾关系, 且表示完成, 则用过去分词作定语; 如表示将来发生的事情, 则常用不定式主动式作定语。 There is a man waiting for you. There were ten people killed in the crash.,有许多家务要做。 我们没有一个可说话的人。 当心，有辆车正在开过来。 这里有一台刚从日本进口的新水泵。 现在有一个国际会议在这里召开。 老板告诉我有几封信要答复。,Theres plenty of housework to do.,There was no one for us to talk to.,Look out! There is a car coming.,There is a new pump just imported from Japan,Now there is an international meeting being held.,The boss told me that there were several letters to be answered.,主语 + 不及物动词 + (状语),【用法】在本句型中，作谓语的动词是不及物动词。状语一般都是用来修饰谓语动词做表示的动作，说明动作发生的时间、原因、目的、条件、结果、方式、方法、状态等。作状语的可能是副词、介词短语、名词短语等。,在地平线上升起了一轮红日。 这台机器运转得不正常。 解放前，他经常挨冻受饿。 中国属于第三世界国家。 昨天在我家房子的外面发生了一个事故。 我们学校每天八时开始上课。,A red sun is rising from under the horizon.,This machine is not running correctly.,Before liberation, he often suffered from cold and hunger,China belongs to the third world country,The accident happened outside my house yesterday.,Classes begin at eight in our school every day.,主语 + 动词短语 + (状语),The gas has given out.煤气用完了。 My ink has run out. 我的钢笔水用完了。,在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。 1919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。 有一些物种正在逐渐消失。 他在敌人面前宁死不屈。 哪里工作艰苦，他们就出现在哪里。 那些孩子们总是为小事而争吵。,Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.,The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919.,Some of the speices are dying out gradually.,He would rather die than give in before the enemy.,They showed up where the work is difficult.,Those children are always quarrelling over little things.,主语 + 不及物动词 + 副词(状语),【用法】在本句型中，作谓语的动词是不及物动词，但有被动意义。状语多是副词，说明事物的性质或特点。 Such houses rent easily.这样的房子很容易租出去。 The door locks easily.这扇们很容易锁。,我们的产品在欧洲市场上非常畅销。 这种不料很耐洗。 这种火柴很容易划着。 这个计划进展顺利。 那天他们都衣着漂亮整洁。.,Our products sell very well on the European market.,This sort of cloth washes well.,The match lights easily.,The plan worked smoothly.,They all dressed well and neatly that day,三、主谓宾结构 (1) 主语 + 及物动词 + 名词/代词,刚才是谁接的电话？ 我简直不能相信我的眼睛。 他立即听出是他的声音。 警察抓住了火车上的小偷。 那位音乐家已收集了500多首民歌。 他们进行的一项科学实验很成功。,Who answered the telephone just now?,I just could not believe my eyes.,He immediately recognized his voice.,The police caught the thief in the train.,The musician has collected over 500 folk songs,They performed a scientific experiment successfully,主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 状语,他把桌子推近窗户。 她把她的婴儿抱在怀里。 我们跟随着化学老师进入办公室。 昨天校长领着外宾参观了我校。,He pushed the table near the window.,She carried her baby in her arms.,We followed our chemistry teacher into his office.,Yesterday our headmaster showed some foreign guests around our school.,主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 不定式,【用法】在本句型中，动词不定式作状语表示目的或结果。表目的时，可在不定式前加for sb.，表示不定式的逻辑主语；可在不定式前加in order或so as。 He opened the door to let the cat in. They will need two hours to finish the work.,昨天晚上他们开了个晚会来庆祝他们的成功。 他们学习英语是为了将来更好地工作。 他买了一辆自行车给他儿子骑。 他每天做晨练，为的是增强体质。 他写了许多小故事让孩子们读。,They gave a party to celebrate their success yesterday evening.,They study English in order to work better in the future.,He bought a bike for his son to ride.,He does morning exercise every day so as to build up his body,He wrote quire a few short stories for children to read.,主语+及物动词+与动词同源的名词,【用法】在本句型中，不及物动词用作及物动词，用作宾语的名词与动词同源，故被称为同源宾语。 She smiled a very sweet smile.她甜蜜地笑了一笑。 They all slept a sound sleep last night. 那晚他们都睡得很香。 They laughed a hearty laugh. 他们发出尽情的欢笑。 He died a heroic death on the battle field. 他在战场上壮烈牺牲了。,他现在正过着幸福安逸的日子。 昨晚我做了一个奇怪的梦 为保卫祖国，他们浴血奋战。 今天上午老师在班上讲了一个神话故事。 她在晚会上唱了一支优美的歌曲。 上星期孩子们在运动会上跑了百米。,He is now living a happy and easy life.,I dreamt a very strange dream last night.,They fought a bloody fight to defend their motherland,The teacher told a fairy tale in class this morning,She sang a very nice song at the evening party,The boys ran a hundred-metre race at the sports meet last week,主语+及物动词+可用作动词的名词,【用法】在本句型中，谓语动词是常用的及物动词，如have, take, make, do, give等，用作宾语的名词一般都可作动词。掌握该句型的关键是要记住动词和名词的搭配。 have + n.: a rest, a walk, a look, a bath, a drive, a ride, a nap, a share, a smoke, a try, a haircut, a good time take + n.: care, a breath, a turn, a notice, measures, a drive, a nap, a bath, a walk, a run, action, a step, an exam make + n. : progress, a telephone call, preparations, an effort, a discovery, a promise, a change, a mistake, success. give + n.: a ring, push, a pull, a kick, a try, a shout, a laugh, a call, a shock, a talk, a long sign, a nod do + n. : damage, service, work, exercise, repairs,我将尽一切努力帮助他。 昨夜风暴造成巨大损害 现在深呼吸，你就会感觉好一些。 他听了这些话，长叹了一声。 他们深入研究了我们的新方案。.,I will make every effort to help him.,The storm did a lot of damage last night.,Now take a deep breath, and you will feel better,When he heard the words, he gave a sign.,They made a deep study of our new project,主语 + have + 名词 + 不定式(短语),【用法】在本句型中，谓语仍是have (got), 不定式作名词的定语，表示“(主语)有某事要做”。不定式须为及物动词，若表示不定式的动作是句中主语做的，不定式用to do(主动式), 若表示不定式的动作不是由句中主语做的，而是由其他人去做的，不定式用to be done(被动式)。 He has nothing to say. We have nobody to depend on. She has a nice room to live in.,我今天下午有个会要参加。 经理有不少信要在十二点前打出来。 我有许多信要回。 那个秘书要处理的文件太多了。. 我有一件行李要受检查。,I have (got) a meeting to attend this afternoon,The manager has (got) quire a few letters to be typed out before 12 oclock,I have (got) a lot of letters to answer.,The secretary has (got) too many papers to deal with,I have (got) a piece of luggage to be examined,主语 + 短语动词 + 名词,【用法】在本句型中，作谓语的是短语动词(不及物动词加上一个介词)，名词作介词的宾语。短语动词可用被动语态，介词仍须紧跟动词之后。常见的短语动词有：wait for, look after, listen to, depend on, call on, belong to, happen to, hear from, stick to, succeed in, he