初二英语第3单元重难点和测试.doc

杨老师课堂（初二） 第_3_讲：Unit 3 I am more outgoing than my sister? 【考纲要求】掌握形容词的比较级和最高级【教学重难点】形容词的比较级和最高级【重难点命题方向】选择、改写句子 more outgoing更外向 asas与一样 the singing competition唱歌比赛 be similar to与相像的/类似的 the same as和相同；与一致 be different from与不同 care about关心；介意 be like a mirror像一面镜子 the most important最重要的 as long as只要；既然 bring out使显现；使表现出 get better grades取得更好的成绩 reach for伸手取 in fact事实上；实际上 make friends交朋友 the other其他的 touch ones heart感动某人 be talented in music有音乐天赋 be good at擅长 be good with善于与相处 have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 be good at doing sth擅长做某事 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事 as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与一样 Its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事的。1.He has shorter hair than Sam. 他的头发比萨姆的短。 than 比（用于形容词，副词的比较级之后）当两个人或者物进行比较时，要用形容词的比较级。“比较级 + than” 表示“比.更.”。一般形容词或副词的比较级是在词后加-er。但要注意比较的对象。如：I am taller than Jim. 我比吉姆高。His hair is shorter than Sams. 他的头发比萨姆的短。This book is more interesting than that one.这本书比那本书有趣。形容词和副词的比较级、最高级大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1）原级（不作比较），修饰词very,so,too,pretty,really；2） 比较级，表示“较”或“更”的意思（两者之间进行比较）, 标志词than,A or B,of the two, 修饰词much,a lot,a little；3）最高级，表示“最”的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带in（of）短语来什么比较的范围。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化： 构 成 方 法 原 级 比 较 级最 高 级单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er或-esthighshorthighershorter highestshortest以字母e词尾的词，加-r或-stlatefinelaterfinest latestfinest重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-esthotbigthinfathotterbiggerthinnerfatterhottestbiggestthinnestfattest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”，再加-er或-est funnyeasyearlyfunniereasierearlierfunniesteasiestearliest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或mostbeautifulathleticoutgoingmore beautifulmore athleticmore outgoingmost beautifulmost athleticmost outgoing形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化： 原 级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther（更远） further（更深远） farthest(最远) furthest（最深远）备注：（1）比较级前可加much, far, even , still, a lot, a little, a bit 等词修饰，不可加very. (2) 比较级+and +比较级（越来越.) 如 taller and taller或more and more popular (3) The + 比较级，the +比较级（越.就越.) 如The more books she reads, the better she understands. 2. 反意疑问句 肯定陈述句否定提问如：Lily is a student, isnt she? Lily will go to China, wont she?否定陈述句肯定提问 如：She doesnt come from China, does she?You havent finished homework, have you?提问部分用代词而不用名词如：Lily is a student, isnt she?陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。 如：He knows little English, does he?他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？ They hardly understood it, did they? 他们几乎不明白，不是吗？3. No,I am a little taller than her.a little, much, a lot, a bit ,far,any,no等可以+比较级4. Tara works as hard as Tina. 塔拉学习跟蒂娜一样努力。“.（not）as + 形容词或副词原级+ as.”是一种原级比较，意思为“.和.(不) 一样”。1） .not as + 形容词或副词原级+ as.表示双方在某个方面不同。如：His English is not as good as hers. 他英语不如她的好。He doesnt work as hard as his brother. 他没有他哥哥工作努力。2） as + 形容词或副词原级+ as 表示双方在某个方面一样。如：She is as tall as me. 她跟我一样高。I run as fast as he does. 我跑得跟他一样快。5. 辨析beat/win 相同点：都是动词，表示“赢”不同：beat+人/win+比赛，竞赛，战争等名词。 如：We played very well, and beat them. 我们发挥得很好，击败了他们。They won the match this time. 这次他们赢了这场比赛。6. care about意为“关心；在意”，期中care是动词 如：We should care about the old people.我们应该关心老年人。care for表示“喜欢”，“关心”之意，后接名词或v-ing形式作宾语，take care of也有这个意思。He cared nothing for skating. 他对滑冰没有兴趣。In our class, we care for each other. 在我们班上，我们相互关心。Maria takes good care of everybody. 玛丽亚很关心大家。【友情链接】care for还可以表示“照顾”，“照料”，相当于take care of或look after。At night he fed and cared for the cattle. 夜里他照料牲口，给牲口喂食。You must care for yourselves.=You must look after yourselves.你们要照顾好自己。The children are well cared for in the nurseries.=The children are taken good care of in the nurseries.孩子们在托儿所受到很好的照顾。7.I think a good friend makes me laugh.我认为好朋友能使我开心。牢记：make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 make+宾语+形容词 使某人/某事怎样 如：Our teacher makes us work ten hours a day 我们老师让我们一天学习10个小时。His words make us happy. 他的话使我们感到很高兴。8.laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） 如：Dont laugh at me! 不要取笑我!9. Theyre both tall. 他们两个都是高个子。both adj./pron./adv. 两个都用在be 动词后，行为动词前。 Y ou are both too young./They both speak English.Both of .+名词复数（复数谓语） Both of the flowers are beautiful. 两朵花都很漂亮。bothand两者都（复数谓语） 反义词组：neithernor两者都不（谓语单复数按照就近原则）【友情链接】 both 与 all both 指代两者； all指代三者或三者以上 如：My parents are both fine。 我父母都好。We are all here。 我们都在这儿。10. be ike意为“像”，这里的like是介词。如：She is like her mother 。 她长得像他妈妈。like 做动词，意为“喜欢”，构成短语 like sth. 喜欢某物 like sb. 喜欢某人 like to do sth. 喜欢做某事 如：I like to have friends who are like me. 我喜欢交像我一样的朋友。 like diong sth.11. need 是动词，需要。 need sth.需要 Plant needs water。 need to do sth. 需要做 You didnt need to tell him the news，it just made him sad need doing sth.=need to be done 需要被怎么样 Flowers need watering。【拓展】need作情态动词时，后面+动词原形，意思是必要，必须。这时need多用于疑问句，否定句或条件状语从句中。如：You neednt talk so loud. 你不必这么大声说话。11. As long as 只要；既然。如：You dont need a lot of friends as long as theyre good.你不需要很多朋友，只要他们好就可以了。12.Its not necessary to be the same.完全一样是没有必要的。 Its+adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth. It是形式主语，to do sth.是真正主语。意为“某人做某事怎么样”如：It is easy for me to make friends. 我交朋友很容易。13.My friend is the same as me.我的朋友和我一样。 be the same as “和一样”。反义词组：be different from“ 与.不同的” 如：My bike is different from yours.= My bike is not the same as yours. 我的系行车和你的不一样。14. serious 意为“严肃的；认真的；严重的” be serious about sth. 如： He was serious about the matter. 他对那件事很认真。 be serious with sb. 如： Theres nothing much serious with you. 对你来说没那么严重。15. touch ones heart 感动某人16. be talented in music 有音乐天赋17. However 意为“然而；但是”，表示转折关系，与but意义相同，但but一般谓语句首，而however比较正式，可位于句首、句中或句末，且常用都好隔开。如：You didnt finish your homework. You can, however, do it now. 你还没有完成家庭作业，但是现在你可以写了。18. hard-working意为“努力的”其比较级为 more hard-working 意为“更努力”，less hard-working 意为“不努力”。19. be similar to.意为“与.相似”。(注意与 be the same as 区别)如：My pen is similar to yours. 我的钢笔和你的相似。 I写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级。1. short _ 2. nice_ 3. loudly _ 4. thin_ 5. quietly _ 6.serious_7.outgoing_8. friendly_9. smart _10.hard-working_II用所给的适当形式填空。1. She is_ (tall) of the two girls. 2He is as tall as I,but hes a little _ (heavy).3English is not as_ (difficult) as Chinese.4The coat is _ (beautiful) of the three.5.He is_ (good)at cooking than me.【基础限时训练】I根据提示完成单词。1.Do you like the singing _(竞赛) yesterday? Yes, it was great.2. Its _(必须的) for us to work hard every day.3. Our maths teacher is very （严肃的）. He never laughs in class.4. Today we learned some _(谚语) in our Chinese class.5. He was so funny that he often makes his friends （发笑）.6. I was a p school student when I was seven years old.7 Alice is an o girl. She likes to stay with her friends and enjoys talking.8. Everyone wants to w_ the game.9. Sam and I are b_ good at swimming.10. Every morning I look at myself in the m_after I wash my face. 1I单项选择。1. Her hair is_ than_. A long, your B longer, you C longest, yours D longer, yours2They_ students. They_ to watch TV.A are both, like both B both are, both like C are both, both like D both are, like both3. Which season do you like_, winter _ summer?A better, and B best, or C better, or D best, and4. She is_ than any other girl in her class. So she is_ .A outgoing, more outgoing B more outgoing, most outgoingC more outgoing, the most outgoing D most outgoing, more outgoing5Tom is not so _at sports as Bill. A good B well C better D best6The building is _than that one. A more tall B not tall C much taller D many taller7Pedro is _than I. A funny and outgoing B funnier and outgoing C funnier and more outgoing D more funny and outgoing 8.I have many good friends who_ me.A is different with B are different from C is different from D are different for9.I_think _are important _a friendship.A /,differences, on B dont, difference, in C /,difference, on D dont, differences, in10. _it is snowing, _they are still working. A Though,/ B/,though C But, though III完成句子1我不只有一个弟弟。I have _ _one brother2彼得不及杰克活跃。Peter is _ _ _ Jack.3最重要的事情是学一些新东西并玩得高兴。_ _ _thing is to _ _ _and have fun4. 拉里不如我用功，因此我总是取得更好的成绩。 Larry is_ _ _, so I always _ _ _.5. So its not easy for me to _ _. 因此对我来说交朋友不容易。6.你和你的妹妹一样友好吗？Are you _ _ _your sister?7.我最好的朋友和我很不同。My best friends _ _ _ _me.8.杰夫比大多数男孩都严肃。Jeff is _ _ than most kids。9. 对于我来说，好朋友喜欢跟我做相同的事情。 For me, a good friend likes to _ _ _ _ _.10. 我最好的朋友帮我把最好的方面发掘出来。My best friend helps to _ _ _ _ _ _.IV改写句子1. He took part in the singing competition.改为问句_ _ _ _ _ _2.He is not as tall as his father.(改为同义句)His father is _ _him.3.She is funnier than any one I know. She is _ _in any other people I know.4.They both like eating dumplings. (改为同义句)_ _them like eating dumplings.5.Peter is in Class1.I am in Class1,too.(改为同义句)Peter and I are _ _ _class.6His brother is different from him.(改为同义句)There are_ _ his brother_ him.7She does well in English. (改为同义句)She _ _ _English.8.Mary is 16 years old. Tara is 18 years old.(合并句子)Mary is _ _ _ than Tara.9.He is the tallest in his class. (改为同义句)He is _than_ _ student in his class.10There are over sisty students in our class. (同义句)There are _ _sixty students in our class.V完形填空Jenny and Ann are sisters. They live 1 town. Jenny is 2 than Ann. She likes living in town very much. Jenny thinks living in town is 3 than living in the countryside. Because she likes the lights in town. She thinks the lights 4 night 5 more beautiful than the stars in the sky. She likes to read books, and she reads more quickly 6 Ann. She often reads until late at night.Ann likes the countryside better. She likes to visit 7 aunt. She always helps her aunt 8 her work. Ann likes to run. She runs faster than Jenny. In the countryside, Ann can run longer. She 9 thinks running in the countryside is the most exciting thing 10 .( )1A in B on C at D for( )2A old B older C oldest D the old( )3A interesting B less interesting C more interesting D most interesting( )4A in B on C at D for( )5A am B is C are D be( )6A as B than C from D in( )7A she B he C his D her( )8A at B with C on D in新 课 标 第 一 网( )9A also B to C either D to( )10A do B doing C to do D doesVI阅读理解。My names Mary.I am a heavy and tall girl with long hair.I like to have friends who are different from me.My best friend is Wang Fang.She comes from china.She is shorter than me.And she has longer hair than me.She is much more outgoing than me.She often tells jokes.Her favorite thing is reading books. My favorite thing is playing chess.But we have one thing in common.We both like playing ping-pang.She plays better than me.We often help and learn from each other.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。( )1Mary is_ .A heavy B thin C little D short( )2Mary likes to have friends who are_ .A taller than B the same as C calmer than D different from( )3Wang Fangs hair is_ than Marys.A shorter B longer C curlier D darker( )4Wang Fangs favorite thing is_ .A reading books B drawing C playing basketball D singing( )5Mary and Wang Fang both like to_ .A play soccer B dance C play ping-pang D tall jokes【拔高限时训练】I单项选择。1Traffic is heavy and the price of oil is much _so that many people go