高中非谓语动词复习.doc

非谓语动词复习判断下划线部分在句中的成分。(1) This is an interesting book. ( )(2) Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up. ( )(3) I saw the boy walking on the stree yesterday. ( )(4) Playing football is his favotire sport. ( ) (5) I didnt stop working last night. ( )(6) My work is teaching English. ( )(7) . To learn a foreign language is difficult. (_)(8). His wish is to be a driver. (_)(9). Tom wanted to have a cup of beer. (_)(10). The teacher told us to do morning exercises. (_)(11). The letter to be posted is very important. (_)(12). He study harder to make greater progress. (_)(13) He is a person loved and respected by all people. ( )(14) The children are very excited about going to the zoo. ( )(15) Yesterday I had my hair cut. ( )(16) Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. ( )注意：英语一句话只能有一个主谓结构 加连词（and / but / so） 如果出现更多动词： 放入从句 变为非谓语动词 The lady speaking to us is our English.The boy questioned by the teacher is our classmate.The task to be finished is very difficult. Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up.Scolded his parent, the girl felt very sad. To get a good result in the exam, we must study hard.非谓语动词的三种形式动词ing：表示_ _动词过去分词：表示_ _动词不定式：表示_ _作主语：例句：To complete the program needs much effort. 完成这项计划需要很大的努力。Riding a bike can make a man smart. 骑单车能使一个人敏捷。总结：1. 可以做主语的非谓语动词有_, _2. 位置：位于_区别Climbing mountain is my favorite sport.To climb the mountain took us more 3 hours.总结：1.动名词作主语表示的是_, _的动作；不定式做主语表示的是_, _的动作。2. 单个动名词或单个不定式作主语，谓语动词用_数高考直击 it 做形式主语 只能接动名词作形式主语的句型It is no good doing It is useless / no use doing It is worthwhile doing例句：It is _ _ _over spilt milk . 为洒了的牛奶哭泣是没用的。Its _ _ _for something to turn up.守株待兔是不好的。练习吧1. It is no use _ (think) about it now.2. It is useless _ (complain) without taking action. 3. It is worthwhile _ (read) the book.4. It is no good _ (play) games with mobile phone in class.只能接动词不定式作形式主语的句型It is + adj./ n. +for/of sb. to doIt takes / took sb. + some time + to do sth.帮助我你实在是太好了。It is so kind _ you _me.对他来说要赢得比赛是很难的。It is difficult _him _the game完成作业花了我3小时。It _me 3 hours _the homework.作宾语：不定式和动名词作宾语的区别英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式,也可跟动名词作直接宾语。但是，有的动词后面只能接动词不定式作宾语，有的动词后面只能接动名词，有的动词接不同的形式表达不同的意义。只能接动词不定式作宾语的动词attempt, afford, agree, arrange, appear, choose, claim, desire, determine, fail, hesitate, intend, long, manage, need, wish, offer, prefer, plan, promise, pretend, risk, seem,等。练习吧1. We have planned _(make) a school radio programme.2. Betty , we need _(ask) for help3. We have planned _(make) a school radio programme.4. The criminal (罪犯） attempt _ (escape) 5. He agreed _ (help) us.6. I pretended _( sleep) when mother came in.7. He cant afford _ （buy) a car. 8. I wish _ (have) a long holiday.只能接动名词作宾语的动词admit, avoid, bear, complete, cant help, consider, delay, enjoy, envy, finish, forgive, feel like , keep .mind, miss, permit, prevent, practice, suggest, stand 等。练习吧1. Hearing the story, they cant help _(laugh).2. Do you really enjoy _ (play) the violin every day. 3. You should avoid _(make) the same mistakes next time. 4. “Have you finished_ (write) your composition ?” 有的动词后面可以接动词不定式和动名词作宾语，但是意义不同stop to do stop doing forget to do forget doingremember to do remember doing regret to do regret doingmean to do mean doingtry to do try doinggo on to do go on doing need to do need doing- 0 -练习吧1.Im really sorry . I forgot _(close) the door before I left.2.Please remember _ (post) the letter for the old man. 3.Stop _ (chat), everyone. Our English teacher is coming .4.You look tired. Youd better stop _（have） a rest.5.The bike needs _(repair).6.English is important to us . We should try _ (study) it hard. 作定语：观察下列句子We have a lot of homework to do.Do you know the boy swimming in the swimming pool.We are studying in a school built in 1934. 总结：能做定语的非谓语动词有：_，_, _. 意义动词不定式：_过去分词： _ 动名词：_动词ing 现在分词：_ 注意：表示所修饰的动词正在进行的，被动的动作要用_正在修理的那辆车是我的。The bike_ (repair) is mine. 练习吧1. I have a lot of_. 他有很多作业要做。 2. There is_. 没什么好担心的。3. Books _ is popular. 韩寒写的书很受欢迎。4. Not far from the house is a_. 离房子不远处是一个游泳池。5. The man_ is bound to be good at writing. 写这篇文章的人一定很擅长写作。6. The building _is a teachersdormitory. 正在建的那幢建筑是一幢教师宿舍。作表语：观察下列句子All I want is to have a rest.The book is very interesting.I am interested in the book.总结：能做表语的非谓语动词有：_，_, _.位置：_ 系动词有:状态类: be, keep, stay, remain变化类: become, grow, get, go, turn感官类: feel, look, appear, seem , sound, taste, smell我的梦想是成为一名医生。My dream is_.他的工作是每天清扫教室。His work is _every day.意义动词不定式&动名词：_现在分词&过去分词: _ _练习吧1. The new is quite_ (surprise) . 2. His wish is _ (be) a driver3. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _ (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop. 作补语：带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：We must get the work finished.宾语补足语宾语（名词或代词）某些及物动词（如make等） 1. 能接宾语补足语的几类动词:see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to结构 省略to的动词不定式 (do sth.)主语+感官动词+名词+ 动词现在分词 (动词ing) 动词过去分词（V-ed）感官动词接不同宾语区别I saw her come into the classroom.I saw her coming into the classroom.I saw her taken out of the classroom.I saw him _(play) basketball on the playground just now.He was seen _(play) basketball just now.The teacher saw him _ (slip) away from the classroom.2. 带有“致使”含义的使役动词 ( make, get, have, keep, leave等)常用结构1. make /have /let sb. do2. get sb. to do3. make/ have/ get sth. done4. have/ get sb. doing练习He wants to make/ have/get himself _（hear）.The mother get her daughter _（help) her in housework all day.The teacher had him _(stand) all the time. “have” + 宾语 + -ed 分词”表示完成一件事情，不一定自己亲自动手做，也许请别人做 We had the engine repaired. 我们已经把发动机修理了。 I had my hair cut yesterday.我昨天剪了头发。表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击”，并非有意去做，自己是受害者。He had his leg broken when he was climbing the tree. 当他爬树的时候把腿伤了。They had all the money stolen .他们所有的钱都被偷了。她想让别人明白她的意思。 She wanted to _ _ _.你应该让大家知道你的观点。 You should _ your views _.她把自己的一颗牙拔掉了。 She _ her tooth _ _.司机无法将车子启动。 _ _ couldnt _ _ _ _.他闭着眼睛。 _ _ _ _ _.他起床太慢，以致于留下午饭没吃完。 _ _ _ so slowly that he _ _ _ _. sb/sth doing (让某人/某物一直处于某种状态）keep leave sth. done (使某事物被）keep 和leave 在该句型中具有使役意味，但同时也保留了自身的意义，keep 有“保持”的意思，leave有“留下”的意思。练习The manager promised to keep me_ (inform) of how our business was going on.The mother didnt pay any attention to her sons request. She went out and left the boy _(cry) in the room.4) . “希望，愿望，命令”这一类动词（want, wish, like, expect, order等）The teacher didnt want the problem（to be) discussed at the moment.老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。我们想让这项工作在6点整完成。 _ _ _ _ _ at 6 oclock.他命令计划在周五前执行。 _ _ _ _ _ _ before Friday.他不希望将此事提及。 He didnt _ it _. 我想把我的鸡蛋煮了。 I would _ _ _ _.父母们期望孩子们得到好的照顾。_ _ _ _ good _ _.5） “with 宾语非谓语动词”结构The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ (tie) behind his back. With a lot of work_（finish）, he wont go traveling with us.With the homework_（finish） , he was allowed to watch TV. With a man _(stare) her, the girl felt upset.作状语：一 动词不定式作状语1.动词不定式通常作状语表示原因.结果.目的.条件等。1）目的状语To learn English well, he went to England.In order to achieve the aim, we must learn from other countries.常可与in order to (为了)或 so as to (以便)连用。2）结果状语动词不定式和ving形式作结果状语区别：1 动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果，常与only连用构成only to do sth2 动词ing形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的情况或结果。He ran to the station only to find the train had left.His father died, leaving him a lot of debts.3)原因状语We are excited to hear the news.4) 条件状语To turn to the left, you could find a post office.二 动词ing作状语可表示原因.结果.条件.让步.方式伴随等，可转化为相应的状语从句1.表时间Walking out of the room, he saw the boy still there.= when he walked out of the room, he.Having made full preparations, we are ready for the exam.= After we have made full preparations, we.2.表原因Being ill, he didnt go to school yesterday.= Because he was ill, he.Not mastering the way of studying, i didnt get a good result.=As i didnt master the way of studying, i .3.表结果(并列谓语)His father died, leaving him a lot of money.= his father died and left him .The fire lasted nearly a month, leaving nothing valuable.= The fire lasted nearly a month and left nothing valuable. 4.表条件Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed.=if you work hard at your lessons, you.If you dont make use of time, you will regret.=Not making use of the time, you will .5.表让步Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.= Athough they knew all this, they.Studying from morning till night, i didnt pass the exam.= Athough i studied from morning till night, i .6.方式.伴随或补充说明(并列结构）He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.= He lay on the grass and stared at the .The gril came into the classroom, singing and dancing.= The gril came into the classroom and they sang and danced.注意：1 为了使动词ing形式作状语表达的意思更明确，可在动词ing前加上适当的连词：when 、while 、if 、though 、unless 、even 等.Dont talk while having dinner.Once losing the chance, you cant easily find it.2.动词ing形式做状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。While reading the book, the telephone rang.While reading the book, she heard the telephone ring.Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.Looking out through the window, we found a beautiful garden.3.独立成分作状语常见的分词短语有：Frankly speaking ; honestly speaking;Judging from ; considering; to tell the truthHonestly speaking, he is not fit for the job.Judging from his accent, he is from the south.三 过去分词ed作状语过去分词做状语可表示被动和完成的动作。表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式等，相当于相应的状语从句。1 表时间Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.= when it is seen from the top of the hill, the city.Asked what had happened, he lowered his head.=when he was asked what had happened, he. 2.表原因Surrounded by a group of young people, the old man felt happy.=As he was surrounded by a group of young people, the old man.Greatly touched by the teachers words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates.=Because the boy was greatly touched by the teachers words, he. 3.表条件Given more time, we could do it better.= if we were given more time, we.Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English.= if you are compared with your brother, you.4.表让步Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.= Although he was laughed at by many people, he.Even if invited, i wont take part in the party.Even if i am invited, i .5. 表示方式或伴随Supported by a girl, the old man got off the bus.He turned away, disappointed.He walked up and down the room, lost in thought.注意：1.某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，常用于一些系表结构中。此时的过去分词既不表被动也不表完成，而表示一种状态。这样的词有：lost；seated；hidden；lost/absorbed in；dressed in；tired of 等。Disappointed at the examination result, she sat there silent.Satisfied with our performance, the teacher kept nodding.2.过去分词做状语时，其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致。Asked why she was late, her face went red.Asked why she was late, she went red in the face.3.过去分词或短语做状语时，也可在其前面加上连词when、if、once、though、unless等，以便明确作何种状语。Though beaten, we were not discouraged.=Though we were beated, we.Once tasted, the dish is hard to forget.=once it is tasted, the dish.4.过去分词做状语与现在分词作状语的区别：过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系或被动关系。现在分词与句子主语构成主谓关系或主动关系。Used for a long time, the book looks old.Using the book, i find it useful. _ from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. _ from the space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall.A seeing B seen总结非谓语动词的形式： _ _ _ 它们特点是： _ _ _非谓语动词可作句子的成分： _针对性练习1.The meeting _ next week is sure to be a great success.A. to take place B. to be taken place C. to have taken place D. being taken place2._ by the Comrade Lei Feng, we try our best to do good deeds.A. Inspired B. Being inspired C. To be inspired D. Inspiring3.Its no good _ here. Lets go home.A. to waitB. waitedC. waitingD. being waited4.I listened to the wind, _ that he would not come tonight.A. thinkingB. to thinkC. thoughtD. being thinking5.As a result of