熟记初中英语重点词组、句型.doc

熟记-初中英语重点短语、句型1. Thanks for sth./doing sth. 谢谢你2. Thanks to多亏，由于 3. like doing sth.:一贯性喜欢做某事经常性喜欢做某事like to do sth. 具体某一次喜欢做某事4. How much 修饰不可数名词；How many 修饰可数名词复数 它们都是“多少”的意思。5. want=would like want sth. want to do sth.want sb. to do sth. want sb. not to do sth. 6. be from= come from 来自. 7. across from= be opposite to 在的对面8. How is the weather today?= Whats the weather like today? 9. top to do sth.停止现在的事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 10. Its time to do sth. Its time for sb. to do sth. Its time for sth. 11. see/watch/hear/notice/find sb. doing sth. 某人正在做某事 （正在进行） see/watch/hear/notice/find sb. do sth. 某人做了某事 （全过程） 12. arrive in + 大地方 arrive at + 小地方 get to + 地方 reach + 地方13.国家-人-语言 Italy-ItalianItalian Japan-Japanese-JapaneseChinaChineseChineseAmericaAmericanEnglish EnglandEnglishmanEnglishCanadaCanadianEnglish GermanyGermanGerman FranceFrenchmanFrench 14. 询问职业：What does sb. do? What am/is/are sb? Whats sbs job? 15.询问天气How is the weather today?= Whats the weather like today? 16.使役动词make/let /have sb. do sth（get sb. to do sth.除外）在被动语态中省略的to要还原。 17.问路 ：Which is the way to？Can you tell me the way to the .？How can I get to the ？18. family name= last name 姓 first name = given name 名 19. take:把东西从此处带走. bring:把东西由别处带来.fetch/get：去把东西带来(go and bring) carry:携带，搬运（无方向性） 20. 系动词后用形容词作表语。sound/seem/look/become/get/turn/taste/feel/smell/touch+adj.21. sound:声音的总称。 noise:噪音 voice:嗓音 22. 询问年龄：How old are you? Whats your age? 23. look:发生看的动作 look at 看 see:看见没有的结果 listen:发生听的动作 listen to 听 hear:听见没有的结果 24. 询问怎么了？Whats the matter= Whats the trouble?=Whats wrong?=Whats up? 25. (有问题) Theres something wrong with 26. Its + adj.+for sb. + to do sth. (对某人来说做某事怎么样) 27. (花费某人时间做某事)It takes sb. some time to do sth. Sb. spend on sth./(in) doing sth. Sb. payfor sth Sth. cost 、28. be good at= do well in 擅长. be good for对.有好处。 be good to = be friendly to对.很友善。 be good with sb. 和相处融洽 29. A as + 原级 + as B (和一样A ) not as/so+ 原级 + as B(不如，不及)30. a little = a bit = a little bit= kind of 有点儿 31. a kind of 一种 all kinds of 各种各样的 different kinds of 不同种类的 be kind 和蔼的 32. 祈使句的反义疑问： Lets ，用shall we? Let us用will you? 祈使句的否定句：在句首加 Dont即可。 33. tooto可用notenough或 so that来改写。如： He is too young to go to school. = He isnt old enough to go to school. = He is so young that he cant go to school. 34. borrow sth. from sb = borrow sb. sth. 借进 lend sth. to sb. = lend sb sth. 借出keep 借并保存一段时间（常用于完成时for, since与搭配，代替borrow ） Ive kept this story book for a month , and I didnt return it . 35. 形容词做定语修饰不定代词(something, somebody, somewhere, anything, anything, anywhere, nothing) 时，形容词后置。eg. Im going to more something interesting.36. take+限定词+交通工具+to+某地 go/get to+某地+by +交通工具单数go to on foot = walk to 37. put on :穿衣的动作 wear : 穿着衣服的状态 be in + 颜色、衣服、帽子等，强调状态 dress sb (给sb穿衣)39. be/get mad at sb. = be/get angry with sb. 生某人的气 be mad about 对狂热的 40. be/get mad at sb. = be/get angry with sb. 生某人的气 be mad about 对狂热的 41. famous = well-known be famous for 因而出名 (跟出名的原因) be famous as以而出名（跟职业身份地位） 42. all the time 总是，一直 all the same 仍然、还是43. by the way顺便说一下 in the way妨碍、挡路 on the way在途中44.The + 比较级，the + 比较级 越， 就越 比较级 +and + 比较级（越来越）45. 动名词/不定式做主语，谓语用三单形式。46. 例如： for example, such as47. 提建议：Why dont you + V原？ Why not + V原？ You should + V原.Youd better + V原. How about +Ving? What about+Ving? 48. Sb. need to do sth. (主语为人) Sth. need doing sth.（主语为物）49. too much + 不可数名词too many + 可数名词复数much too + adj.50. instead: 代替（放在句尾）；然而，相反的（放在句首）instead of: 代替（放在句中） 51. have/has been to+sp. 去过，已回来（人在） have/has gone to +sp.去了某地未回来(人不在) have/has been in+sp. 在某地呆多长时间52. 害怕做某事： be afraid of doing sth = be terrified of doing sth = be scared of doing sth be afraid to do sth 53. （多于）more than = over +数词+名词54.表示人口的“多”用 large/big,表示人口的“少”用small. 问“人口的多少”时，用“Whats the population of” 55. 甲怎样，乙也怎样： So + 谓语+ 主语 甲不怎样，乙也不怎样： Neither/Nor + 谓语+ 主语 甲怎样，乙赞同： So + 主语 + 谓语 甲不怎样，乙赞同： Neither/Nor + 主语 + 谓语（的确如此）56. 不再 anymore = any more not any longer = no longer（谓语用延续性动词） notany more = no more 57. be able to do sth.用于任何时态；can 用于一般现在时和过去时态58. 就近一致原则：There be, Either or , Neithernor , Not only but also,离动词最近的主语决定动词的单复数形式 59. 在状语从句中（由when, after, if, until, unless, as soon as等引导），主句是下列情况之一，从句用一般现在时表示将来的意思：主句有情态动词；主句是祈使句；主句是将来时） -即主将从现Ill call you as soon as I get there.60. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事. get on well with sb. 和某人相处得好 have a fight with sb. 与某人打架 argue with . 和争吵 out of style 过时in style 流行的 make a living 谋生 run out of 用尽by the way顺便说一下 be interested in对感兴 mind doing sth. 介意(反对)做某事 give away 赠送 make friends with 和交友 渴望做某事 be anxious to do sth 61. used to do sth. 过去常常 be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于be used by 被使用 be used for doing sth. = be used to do sth. 被用来做 be used as 把用作 62. because of + 短语because + 句子（主语+谓语） be worried about = worry about 担心63. at times = sometimes有时sometime 某时 some times几次，几倍 some time 一段时间 64. prefer to do sth.prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 65. be made from由制成（看不出原料）be made of 由制成（能看出原料） 66. take place和 happen 都是表示“发生”的意思，都没有被动语态。happen to sb. 某人发生了某事happen to do sth.（碰巧发生了某事）它们的区别是：happen:一切客观事情或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生 take place: 发生事先计划或预想到的事物.(历史上的事件，集会等先布置而后发生或举行的事情，不用于地震等自然现象) 67.have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 get/have sth. done 让别人做某事68. have trouble / problem / difficult / a hard time + doing sth 做某事很困难69. laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 regard .as = consider.as.= treat as把.当成 70. except 除以外. All the students went to the zoo except me besides 除.以外 （包括在内） I have few friends besides you. 71. Ill call you as soon as I get there.72. if 引导宾语从句时 “是否” if引导条件状语从句 “假如，如果”，主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。 I dont know if it will rain（ 宾从） if it rains, I wont go out. （条从 ）73. afford 买得起，负担得起（的费用） I cant afford a new car. afford to do sth 负担得起做某事 74. be proud of = take pride in + n / doing 对.感到骄傲 75. be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事allow to do sth 允许做某事 76. So +助、be、情态动词+主语 “某人也一样” I have to do my homework . So does he . Nor /neither助、be、情态动词+主语 “某人也不” Mary didnt go to the party last night . Neither /nor did 77. be strict with sb 对某人严格 be strict in sth 在某方面很严格78. 、have an opportunity to do sth 有机会做某事 79. some / any 均为“一些”，+可、不可数名词； some一般用于肯定， any多用于否定或疑问句。 但在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some. -Would you like some coffee ? -Yes, please. / No, thanks 80either指两者其一 neither 指两者都不 either.or. 不是就是. neither.nor.既不也不81. 1)other 别的、其他的 2)the other 两者中另一个one ., the other.一个另一个 3) others 泛指别的人或物 =other + 复数名词 some , others.一些.另一些. 4) the others 特指其余剩下的人或物 some., the others一些.，其余的 5) another 任何一个， 另一个。（指三者以上中的任何一个） 82. succeed (in) doing sth 成功地做某事 success n. successful adj83. 、数词+hundred/thousand/million/billion 几百/千/百万/十亿 hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+ of 成百的/千的/百万的/十亿的 84. If 的用法：在含有非真实条件句的复合句中，表示一种假设，需用虚拟语气，对现在情况的假设，条件从句中用一般过去时（be 动词勇were）,主句用 would/should/could + V原 If they were here, they would help you. 85. a lot of , lots of , some , plenty of 既可修饰可数，也可修饰不可数名词。 a number of + 可数名词复数+V复 “大量的” A number of trees are cut down. the number of +可数名词复数+V三单 “.的数量” The number of students in our class is 52. amount of , much , a little , little , a bit of , a deal of + 不可数名词 + V三单 many , a few , few + 可数名词复数+V复 86. (rather) than其后动词的形式，与前面动词的形式保持一致。 I like singing than dancing. 宁愿做而不愿做. 1）would rather do sth than do sth. 2）would like to do sth, than do sth 3）prefer to do sth rather than do sth 4）prefer doing to doing 87. 、taste v.品尝，尝起来 n.味道，品味 系动词 taste , smell , look , sound , feel + adj 88. 、使.想起. 提醒（某人） remind sb remind sb of sth The photos reminded me of my school days. remind sb to do sth Can you remind me to wake him up at 6:25. 89. though / although 和 but 不能连用 My grandfather is 100 years old , but he is very health.= Though my grandfather is 100 years old, he is very health. because 和so 也不能连用 90. a few+可数名词 （表肯定）一些 a little+不可数名词 （表肯定）一些 few （表否定） 几乎没有 little （表否定） 几乎没有 91. expect to do sth. = hope to do sth. = wish to do sth.92.玩得高兴，过得愉快 have a great time = have fun = enjoy oneself. 93. 加ed的修饰人“感到。的”；加ing的修饰物“令人。的”eg: She was surprised to read this surprising news. 94. be excited at be disappointed at be surprised at / to do sth be interested in = taka an interest in + n / Ving 95. (1) cross 从表面上通过 walk cross the street/ bridge/ river. (2) through 从空间通过 go through the forest/ jungle/ crowed 96. (1) hope to do sth. hope + 从句 (2) wish to do sth.wish sb. to do sth.wish + 从句 97. 、Why not + V原.? = Why dont you + V原.? Lets + V原 98. one of + adj最高级+复数名词+ V三单 One of the highest sights in Paris is Eiffel Tower.99. 辨析 cost spend pay take Sth. costs(cost) The TV cost me 500 dollars Sb. spend (spent) .on sth. /doing sth. I spent 500 dollars on the TV. I spent 500 dollars buying the TV. Sb pay (paid) . For I paid 500 dollars for the TV. It takes (took) sb. . to do sth. It took me 500 dollars to buy the TV. 100. unless = if not 条件状语从句，由if, unless 引导。 （主将从现， 主过从过） If it doesnt rain, well go fishing. Unless you see a doctor, you shouldnt take the medicine. 101. provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. offer sb. sth = offer sth to sb. She offered money to the poor children. offer to do sth. 自愿做某事 102. mind, finish, keep, be busy, feel like, practice, have fun, enjoy, have