2012英语竞赛冠词精选.doc

2012年英语竞赛冠词精选一、不定冠词（a, an）的用法 1.指一类人或事，相当于a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly.2.第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。 3.表示 “每一”相当于every，one We study eight hours a day.4.表示“相同”相当于the same We are nearly of an age.5.用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 That boy is rather a Lei Feng.（活雷锋） 6.用于固定词组中 a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7.用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 This room i s rather a big one.8.用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.9.用于抽象名词具体化的名词前 success(抽象名词)a success(具体化) 成功的人或事 a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事 a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的东西 a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识 10.与序数词连用，表示“又一，再一”。 In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.二、定冠词（the）的用法 1.表示某一类人或物 In many places in China, _ bicycle is still _ popular means of transportation. C. the; a 2.用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3.表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 Would you mind opening the door? 4.用于演奏乐器 play the violin, play the guitar5.用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 the rich, the living, the wounded6.表示“一家人”或“夫妇”Could you tell me the way to _ Johnsons, please? Sorry, we dont have _ Johnson here in the village. B. the; a 7.用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前 He is the taller of the two children.8.用于国家党派等及江河湖海山川群岛名词前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French9.用于表示发明物的单数名词前 The compass was invented in China.10.在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代 in the 1990s(二十世纪九十年代)11.用于表示度量单位的名词前 I hired the car by the hour.12.用于方位名词，身体部位名词 He patted me on the shoulder.13.与比较级和最高级连用 比较级+ and +比较级表示“越来越”The harder he works, the happier he feels.表示两者间“较的一个”比较级前加the。 Who is the older of the tow boys?三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the + 最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。 Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.三、零冠词的情况 1.专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air2.名词前this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等I want this book, not that one. /Whose purse is this?3.季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring4.表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前 Lincoln was made President of America.5.表示球类，棋类等运动的名词前 He likes playing football/chess.6.与by连用表示交通方式的名词前 We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across the continent. 7.以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night8.表示泛指的复数名词前 Horses are useful animals.【个别情况下的冠词】1三顿饭前不加冠词。但是在adj.+餐名或餐名+形容词词组或从句的时候以及特指各种用途的宴席时应加上冠词。 He will be back after supper. The dinner I had yesterday was terrible.2四季一般没有冠词，担当表示特定的季节时应加上定冠词。Leaves fall in autumn. I was born in the spring of 1973.3. east/ west/south/north, left / right, present /past/future作名词的时候有the, 作副词的时候没有。1) He comes from the south. 2) Please turn left.4television没有冠词，I saw it on TV/television. 但是radio加the. I heard on the radio that our football team won the world cup.5. country (乡间), sea, seaside, desert, mountains要有the.I am going to the country for a week. We cant travel across the desert.6. 表示官职，身份，职业的名词与冠词的使用1)在人名前没有冠词：Queen Elizabeth, President Jiang, Chairman Mao, Professor Chen.2) 作专有名词的同位语的时候没有冠词。This is Mr. Li, professor of this college.3) 在elect, make, be词的后面的职业作宾语补足语，主语补足语或表语时应没有冠词。We elected him chairman. He was made president of the club.7. all和both后的the可以省略，all of/ both of后的the不能省。All (the) girls are his students.Both(the) brothers are clever. All/Both of the students are having an exam.8. 惯用语： once in a while ;at/ from a distance, as a rule, all of a sudden, as a whole, in a hurry, in the morning/ afternoon. in the sun, on the other hand, in the end,.9冠词有无意不同类似的词组： in hospital在住院 in the hospital在医院里（不一定是病人）in prison坐牢in the prison在监狱 by day在白天 by the day按天计算 in case of以防 in the case of就来说 in charge of负责，管理in the charge of由负责 in office执政 in the office在办公室 in sight(of)看见in the sight(of)在看来 go to sea去当水手go to the sea到海边去 out of question毫无疑问out of the question不可能 take advice征求意见take the advice听从劝告 be of age成年be of all age同龄 go to church去做礼拜go to the church去教堂 leave school毕业、辍学 leave the school离开学校冠词的准确应用是优秀作文的标志！ 冠词专练1. _ Elephant/elephant is bigger than _ horse. A.不填/不填 B. The/aC. An/a D.不填/the2. It took me_ hour and_ half to finish _ work.A. a/a/a B. an/a/a C. an/a/the D. an/a/不填3. _ Doctor/doctor told me to take _ medicine three times _ day, stay in_ bed, and then I would be better soon.A. 不填/a/a/the B. A/the/the/不填 C. A/the/a/不填 D. A/不填/a/不填4. _Snow/snow is white. _ Snow/snow that covers _ top of _mountain is _ beautiful sight. A. The/The/the/the/the B .不填/不填/the/the/a C.不填/The/the/the/a D .不填/不填/不填/the/the5. _ Comrades/comrades here are friendly to me. A. A B. An C. The D. 不填6. My uncle was elected _principal of the No. l Middle School. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填7. He is _ of our school. A. a teacher B. the teacherC. teacher D. only teacher8. Alice is fond of playing _ piano while Henry is interested in listening to_ music .A. 不填/the B. the/theC. the/不填 D. 不填/不填9. The guard caught him by _ arm. A. an B. a C. 不填 D. the10. - Id like _ information about the management of your hotel, please.-Well, you could have _ word with the manager.A. an; some B. some; a C. some; some D. an; a11 . There is _ new magazine on the desk. A. an B. a C. the D. 不填12. We all know _ earth moves around _sun. A. the/the B . a/aC. an/an D. 不填/不填13. She likes to have butter and _ butter sold in this shop is very well made.A. the B. a C. an D. 不填14. He is _ last one to come and _ first one to leave. A. the/the B. a/不填C. an/a D. the/a15. _ Browns are all good at drawing. A. An B. A C. The D. 不填16. _ Rich/rich are not always happy. A. The B. An C. 不填 D. A17. Paper money was used in _ China when Marco Polo visited the country in_ thirteenth century. A. the/不填 B. the/theC . 不填/the D . 不填/不填18. In _ 1870s Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.A. a B. an C. 不填 D. the19. Is _ Mississippi the longest river in _ world? A. the/the B. 不填/aC. an/a D. a/the20 . China is on the east of _Pacific Ocean. A. 不填 B. anC. a D. the21. _ Philippine Islands are to _ south of our country.A. The/a B. A/theC. The/the D. 不填/不填22. _ Time is read all over the world. A. A B. An C. The D. 不填23. _ Summer Palace looks especially beautiful in the rain. A. The B. An C. A D. 不填24. _ Horses/horses are _animals.A. The/a B. 不填/不填 C. A/the D. An/a25. They will arrive here on _ New Years Day. A. the B. aC. an D. 不填26. Ill be on duty on _ Friday. A. 不填 B. theC. an D. a27. We often go swimming in _ summer and skating in _ winter.A. 不填/the B. the/theC. 不填/不填 D. a/a28 . My brother and I go to _ school after _ breakfast.A. 不填/不填 B. the/theC. the/不填 D. 不填/the29. My parents are going to watch me play _ chess. A. a B. theC. an D. 不填30. The visitors will come to our school _next week.A. the B. 不填C. an D. a31. The boss made them work _ day and _ night.A. the/the B. a/aC. an/an D. 不填/不填32. He is _ only man for the job. A. a B. an C. 不填 D. the33. We were born on _ same day and in _ same town. A. 不填 B. the/theC. a/a D. an/an34 . There is_ s in the word. A. the B. a C. an D. 不填35. I went to see him _ other day. A. the B. an C. a D. 不填36. My sister is _ university student. A. 不填 B. an C. a D. the37. He teaches _English in a middle school. A. the B. a C. an D. 不填38. _ Hero/hero as he is, he is sometimes afraid. A. 不填 B. A C. An D . The39. He was _ medical student before he turned _ writer.A. a/the B. the/a C. the/不填 D. a/不填40. _ worker and _ poet was invited to the party the other day.A. The/the B. A/a C. The/a D. The/不填41. How about taking_short break? I want to make_call.A. the; aB. a; theC. the; the D. a; a 42. Christmas is_special holiday when_who