2010中央电大网考资料大学英语B模拟试题辅导--阅读理解.doc

大学英语（B）模拟试题辅导2-阅读理解Test 1二、阅读理解Passage 1The French Revolution broke out in 1789. At the time France was in a crisis. The government was badly run and peoples lives were miserable. King Louis XIV tried to control the national parliament and raise more taxes. But his effort failed. He ordered his troops to Versailles. The people thought that Louis intended to put down the Revolution by force. On July 14,1789, they stormed and took the Bastille, where political prisoners were kept. Ever since that day, July 14 has been the French National Day. Louis tried to flee the country in 1792 to get support from Austria and Prussia. However, he was caught and put in prison. In September 1792, the monarchy was abolished. In the same year, Louis was executed. A few months later his wife, Marie, also had her head cut off. The Revolution of France had frightened the other kings of Europe. Armies from Austria and Prussia began to march against France. The French raised republican armies to defend the nation. The Revolution went through a period of terror. Thousands of people lost their lives. In the end, power passed to Napoleon Bonaparte. (190 words)法国大革命于1789年爆发。当时法国正处经济衰退中，政府腐败，人民生活凄惨。路易十六世企图控制议会并增加赋税，但最后失败了。他命令军队进入凡尔赛。人民都认为他企图用武力镇压革命。1789年7月14日，人民群众猛攻并占领了关押政治犯的巴士底狱。从那天以后，7月14日就被定为法国的国庆日。1792年，路易十六企图逃离法国，并从奥地利和普鲁士获得支持，但他被捕了。1792年王室被废除，路易十六被处以死刑。几个月后，他的妻子玛丽也被处以死刑。法国大革命令欧洲其它国家的国王感到害怕。奥地利和普鲁士的军队进入了法国。法国人民组织起了共和军来保卫祖国，革命陷入了一个艰苦阶段。成千上万的人牺牲了。最后，权力落入了拿破仑波拿巴手中。11. Whats this passage about? A. France B. King LouisC. The French Revolution D. Europe答案：C题解：此题考查主旨大意归纳能力。题干的意思为：本文是关于什么的？1) 了解主旨大意需要通观全篇，不能只看某些细节。2) 从全文可知，文章讲的全是法国大革命的事：介绍法国大革命的时间、事由和最后的结果。选项C意为：法国大革命，符合对问题的回答，因此正确选项为C。3) 选项A意为：“法国”；选项B意为：“路易国王”；选项D意为：“ 欧洲”。12. Which did not happen in 1789? A. The French Revolution broke out. B. The national economy was developing rapidly. C. The government wasnt well run.D. King Louis XIV was in power.答案：B题解：此题考查细节判断能力。题干的意思为：哪件事不是发生在1789年？1）选项A意为：法国革命爆发，从文章的第一句 “The French Revolution broke out in 1789”可知是1789年的事实；2）选项C意为：政府腐败，从文章的第三句“The government was badly run and peoples lives were miserable.”可知是1789年的事实；3）选项D意为：路易十六执政，从文章的第2、3行可知1789年确实是路易十六执政。选项A,B,C全是1789年法国发生的事实。4）选项B：国家经济快速发展，文章中没有提及到当时法国的经济。 13. Where were the political prisoners kept? A. In Versailles. B. In Austria. C. In Prussia. D. In Bastille.答案：D题解：此题考查事实细节判断能力。题干的意思为：那些政治犯被关押在哪里？此题为细节判断题。1） 选项A意为：在凡尔赛(宫)；2） 选项B意为：在奥地利；3） 选项C意为：在普鲁士；4） 选项D意为：在巴士底狱。从文章的第七句 “On July 14,1789, they stormed and took the Bastille, where political prisoners were kept.”可知，政治犯是关在Bastille（巴士底狱）的。 14. What does the underlined word “abolished ” mean? A. put off B. establishedC. united D. ended答案：D题解：此题考查词汇理解能力。题干的意思为：有下划线的“abolished ”这个词是什么意思？1）选项A意为：推迟,拖延；2）选项B意为：建立,确立,创办；3）选项C的意思为：联合,合并；4）选项D意为：终止、废除,与abolish的意思“废止,革除”最接近。15. What was NOT the effect of the Revolution? A. July 14 has become the French National Day.B. It brought some impact on the other European kings.C. Louiss wife Marie was killed.D. The king tried to control the national parliament.答案：D题解：此题考查细节判断能力。题干的意思为：以下哪个不是法国大革命产生的效果？1）选项A意为：7月14日已经成为法国的国庆节，从文章的“Ever since that day, July 14 has been the French National Day”可知，7月14日是法国的国庆节；2）选项B意为：对欧洲其他国王产生了影响，从文章的“The Revolution of France had frightened the other kings of Europe”可知，法国大革命对欧洲其他国王产生了冲击和影响；3）选项C意为：路易的妻子玛丽被杀了，从文章的“A few months later his wife, Marie , also had her head cut off”可知，玛丽被杀是事实；4）选项D意为：国王试图控制议会，从文章可知，国王想要控制议会，才导致了国王和议会的不和，人民的不满，才爆发了革命。因此，选项A，B，C都是法国大革命的结果，而D是爆发革命的原因，不是革命的结果。因此，答案为D。Passage 2In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes its a matter of life or death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance. In social life, time plays a very important part. In the U.S.A. guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from different cultures that treat time differently. Promptness is valued highly in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U.S. no one would think of keeping a business associate waiting for an hour, it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late, will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence. (260 words)在美国，一般不习惯每天很早打电话给某个人。如果你很早打电话给他，在他刮胡子或吃早饭的时候，那就说明这件事情非常重要，需要立刻处理。晚上十一点以后打电话也是同样的意思。如果一个人在睡觉的时候接到电话，那他肯定觉得这是一件事关生死的大事。打电话的时间也显示事情的重要程度。在社会生活中，时间是一个非常重要的角色。在美国，如果在宴会三四天前才受到邀请，那受邀者就会认为自己不是很受重视。但并不是在所有的国家都如此。在世界上的其它地方，提前很多时候做约定被认为是很愚蠢的，因为约好一个星期以后的事情很容易忘记。所以时间的意义在不同的地方是不一样的。因此，来自不同文化背景的人之间就会产生误会。举个例子，准时在美国社会是受到高度认可的。如果某些人不准时，就会被认为不礼貌或不够负责任。在美国，没有一个人会把一次商务活动和等待一小时联系起来，这太不礼貌了。一个人如果迟到五分钟，就要作出解释，也许这还不够。16. What is the main idea of this passage? A. It is not customary to telephone someone in the morning and in sleeping hours in the U.S.B. The role of time in social life over the world. C. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible in the U.S.D. Not every country treats the concept of time as the same.答案：B题解：此题考查主旨大意归纳能力。题干的意思为：以下哪项表达了本文的中心思想？1）从全文可知，文章主要介绍时间在社会生活中扮演的角色。2）选项A的意思为：人们一般不习惯每天很早或在睡觉的时间打电话给某个人，这个选项的意思有点偏颇，文章不仅讲述了打电话的礼貌，还讲述了提前预约、遵守时间、不同文化的时间差异等；3）选项B的意思为：世界各地时间在社会生活中扮演的角色，较全面地概括了文章主要的意思，符合问题的回答；4）选项C的意思为：在美国如果不守时，则被认为对他人不礼貌或不够尊重，其概括意思太偏，不是问题的最佳答案；5）选项D的意思为：每个国家对待时间的观念不一样，文章只有一句话提及该方面内容，该选项不能概括文章大意。17. What does it mean in the passage if you call someone during his or her sleeping hours?A. A matter of work.B. A matter of life or death. C. You want to see him or her.D. You want to make an appointment with him or her.答案：B题解：此题考查事实细节判断能力。题干的意思为：根据本文，如果你在某人睡觉时间打电话给他，意味着什么？1）从全文前1-5句话可知：在美国，一般不习惯每天很早打电话给某个人。如果你很早打电话给他，在他刮胡子或吃早饭的时候，那就说明这件事情非常重要，需要立刻处理。晚上十一点以后打电话也是同样的意思。如果一个人在睡觉的时候接到电话，那他肯定觉得这是一件生死攸关的大事。2）选项A的意思为：有关工作的事情，不符合文章原意；3）选项B的意思为：一件事关生死的大事，符合文章原意；4）选项C的意思为：你想见他或她，不符合文章原意；5）选项D的意思为：你想跟他或她进行一个约会安排。18. Which of the following time is proper if you want to make an appointment with your friend? A. at 7:00 am. B. at 4:00 pm. C. at the night. D. at 4:00 am.答案：B题解：此题考查推理判断能力。题干的意思为：如果你想约你的朋友，以下哪个时间是比较恰当的？1）从17题的具体解析可知：太早或太晚打电话都是不合适的。2）选项A的意思为：早上7点，这个时间一般为洗漱或吃早饭时间，打电话太早；3）选项B的意思为：下午4点，这个时间不早也不晚，符合问题的要求；4）选项C的意思为：晚上（night尤指夜开始深了的时候，注意：evening指傍晚,黄昏），不是问题的最佳答案；5）选项D的意思为：早上4点，这个时间太早了，一般人们都还在睡梦中，不是打电话的恰当时间。19. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. In the U.S.A guests tend to feel they are highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.B. There is no misunderstanding arising between people from different cultures about the concept of time.C. It may be considered foolish to make an appointment well in advance in the U.S.A.D. Promptness is valued highly in American life. 答案：D题解：此题考查是非判断能力。题干的意思为：根据本文，以下哪项陈述是正确的？1）做这种题型的阅读理解，要求在浏览原文的过程中要找到与四个选项所表述内容相关的语句。2）选项A表述的是 “ are highly regarded”，与原文的第七句话“are not highly regarded”不符；3）选项B “ no misunderstanding arising between people”与原文的第十一句话： “Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from different cultures that treat time differently.”不符； 4)选项C“在美国提前预约也许会被视为是愚蠢的事情”，与原文的第79句话不符；5）选项D在原文的倒数第四句话有明确的表述，是正确选项。20. From the passage we can safely infer that _. A. its a matter of life or death if you call someone in day timeB. the meaning of time differs in different parts of the worldC. it makes no difference in the U.S. whether you are early or late for a business partyD. if a person is late for a date, he neednt make some explanation答案：B题解：此题考查推理判断能力。题干的意思是：从文章可以安全地推断出-。1）要求对整篇文章内容进行推断判定，对于这种题型，需要在理解整篇文章内容的基础上来考查选项。2）选项A意为 “如果在白天打电话给某人是关系到生死的事情” 与原文不符。文章所表述的是在早上或晚上给某人打电话才会被认为是生死攸关的事情；3）选项意为“世界上不同地方的时间概念各不相同”，在文章的倒数第6句话： “The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world.”有明确表述；4）根据文章的最后两句话可以判定选项C和D的表述错误，因此正确答案为B。Passage 3A foreigners first impression of the U.S. is likely to be that everyone is in a rush and often under pressure. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going restlessly, seeking attention in a store, and elbowing others as they try to complete their errands(任务). Racing through daytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country. Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating places are waiting for you to finish so that they too can be served and get back to work within the time allowed. Each person hurries to make room for the next person. If you dont, waiters will hurry you.You also find drivers will be abrupt and people will push past you. You will miss smiles, brief conversations, and small courtesies with strangers. Dont take it personally. This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else wasting it beyond a certain courtesy point. The view of time affects the importance we attach to patience. In the American system of values, patience is not a high priority. Many of us have what might be called “a short fuse.” We begin to move restlessly about if we feel time is slipping away without some re-turns in terms of pleasure, work value, or rest. Those coming from lands where time is looked upon differently may find this matter of pace to be one of their most difficult adjustments in both business and daily life. Many newcomers to the States will miss the opening courtesy of a business call. For example, they will miss the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be a convention in their own country. They may miss leisurely business chats in a caf or coffee house. Normally, Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over prolonged small talks. We seek out evidence of past performance rather than evaluate a business colleague through social courtesies. Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially, we start talking business very quickly.(348 words)一个外国人对于美国的第一印象很有可能是每个人都在压力下匆匆忙忙。城市里的人总是表现得匆匆忙忙不知疲倦，为了尽快做完一件事情，他们会在店里拼命引起店员的注意或者用胳膊肘推搡别人。白天匆忙就餐也是这个国家生活节奏的一个部分。工作时间被认为是很珍贵的。在一些公共饮食场所，其他人会在你旁边等你吃完，这样大家都可以得到服务，并赶在规定的时间内回去工作。每个人都会尽快给下一个人腾出地方。如果你不这样，侍者会催促你的。你会发现司机也都很匆忙，人们从你身边匆匆走过。你会错过一些微笑、简短的交谈和一些与陌生人的小礼节。不要在意，这是因为他们非常珍惜时间，而且他们认为，一旦太注重这些社交礼节就会浪费时间。对时间的观念还会影响到我们对耐心的理解。在美国价值体系中，耐心并不是首要考虑的事情。我们中的很多人被称为”短保险丝”。如果我们觉得时间在毫无意义的溜走，在娱乐、工作价值或休息方面得不到回报，那么就会开始不停地徘徊。那些来自时间观念不同的国家的人发现他们在商业和日常生活中最困难的就是对时间节奏的适应。许多刚到美国来的人都会想念他们在商业会谈中一些开场礼节。举个例子，他们会想念因欢迎你到来而泡的一杯茶或咖啡这样的社交礼仪，这在他们国家是常规礼仪。他们会想念在咖啡屋悠闲的会谈。而通常，美国人不会与来访者在这么悠闲的环境中进行一些冗长的小会谈。对于同事，我们总是看他过去的表现而不是与他的社交礼仪。因为我们一般都是更注重职业性，而不是社交性，因此我们总是很快进入正题。21. Which of the following statements is wrong? _ A. Americans seem to be always under pressure.B. Americans attach less importance to patience.C. Americans dont care much about ritual socializing.D. Americans are impolite to their business colleagues. 答案：D题解：此题考查是非判断能力。题干的意思为：以下哪项陈述是错误的？1）选项A意为：美国人好像总在承受着压力，从文章第一句“A foreigners first impression of the U.S. is likely to be that everyone is in a rush and often under pressure.”可知是正确的；2）选项B意为：美国人觉得耐心不是很重要，从文章第四段的第二句“In the American system of values, patience is not a high priority. ”可知，在美国价值体系中，耐心并不是首先要考虑的；3）选项C意为：美国人不太注重社交礼仪，从文章的最后一句可知，美国人一般都是更注重职业性，而不是社交性的；4) 选项D意为：美国人对他们的同事不礼貌。文章中提到，美国人不太有耐心，不在乎社交礼节等是他们珍惜时间的表现，不是对同事不礼貌。22. In the fourth paragraph, “a high priority” means _. A. a less important thing B. a first concernC. a good business D. an attractive gift答案：B题解：此题考查词汇推测能力。题干的意思为：第四段里划了下划线的“a high priority”是什么意思。1）选项A意为：不重要的事；2）选项B意为：首要考虑之事；3）选项C意为：一桩好买卖；4）选项D意为：诱人的礼物。5）priority的意思是“优先”，“a high priority”与选项B“首要考虑之事”意思最接近。23. Americans evaluate a business colleague _.A. through social courtesyB. through prolonged business talksC. by establishing business relationsD. by learning about their past performance答案：D题解：此题考查细节判断题。题干的意思为：美国人评价他们同事的根据是什么？1）选项A意为：通过社交礼仪，从文章最后一句话“Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially, we start talking business very quickly”可知，美国人一般都是更注重职业性的，而不是社交性的；2）选项B意为：通过长时间的交谈，从文章最后一段可知，美国人不会与来访者在这么悠闲的环境中进行冗长的小会谈；3）选项C意为：通过建立商业关系；4）选项D意为：通过了解他们过去的表现，从最后一段的“We seek out evidence of past performance rather than evaluate a business colleague through social courtesies.”可知，美国人是“看同事过去的表现而不是看与他的社交礼仪”。 24. This passage mainly talks about _.A. how Americans treasure their timeB. how busy Americans are every dayC. how Americans do business with foreignersD. what American way of life is like答案：A题解：此题考查主旨大意归纳能力。题干的意思为：文章主要是讲什么？1）选项A意为：美国人是如何珍惜时间的，统观全篇，都是从不同的角度谈论美国人是如何珍惜时间的，因此正确选项为A。2）选项B意为：美国人每天是多么忙碌；3）选项C意为：美国人是如何和外国人做生意的；4）选项D意为：美国人的生活方式是怎样的。25. We can infer from the passage that the authors tone in writing is _.A. critical B. ironical C. appreciative D. objective答案：C题解：此题考查作者语气判断能力。题干的意思为：从本文我们可以看出作者写作的口吻是什么？1)本文作者在讲述美国人的特征、性格、为人准则等时充满了自豪，所以选项C“赞美的”是正确的。2) 选项A意为：批评的；3) 选项B意为：讽刺的；4) 选项D意为：客观的。Test 2Passage 1 Sixteen-year-old Maria was waiting in line at the airport in Santo Domingo. She was leaving her native country to join her sister in the United States. She spoke English very well. Though she was very happy she could go abroad, she was feeling sad at leaving her family and friends. As she was thinking all about this, she suddenly heard the airline employee asking her to pick up her luggage and put it on the scales (称). Maria pulled and pulled. The bag was too heavy and she just couldnt lift it up. The man behind her got very impatient. He, too, was waiting to check in his luggage. “Whats wrong with this girl? He said, “Why doesnt she hurry up?” He moved forward and placed his bag on the counter, hoping to check in first. He was in a hurry to get a good seat. Maria was very angry, but she was very polite. And in her best English she said, “Why are you so upset? There are enough seats for everyone on the plane. If you are in such a hurry, why cant you give me a hand with my luggage?The man was surprised to hear Maria speak English. He quickly picked up her luggage and stepped back. Everyone was looking at him with disapproval. (224 words) Maria，十六岁，她正在圣多明各(多米尼加首都)的机场排队等候。她正要离开自己的祖国去美国和她的姐姐团聚。她的英语讲得很好。虽然她要出国了觉得很高兴，但此时要离开她的家人和朋友也很伤心。正在她想这些的时候，她突然听到机场的工作人员正在叫她把行李放到称上。Maria拉了又拉，包太重，她根本抬不起来。她后面的男人很不耐烦了。他也是等着托运行李的。“这女孩怎么了？”他说道，“她为什么不快点？”他走到前面，把包放在台上，希望能先登记。他急着想要得到一个好的座位。Maria很生气，但她很有礼貌。她用最优美的英语说，“你为什么如此不耐烦？飞机上的每个人都有座位。如果你真的很急，为什么不能帮我搬一下行李？”这男人听到Maria会讲英语觉得很惊讶。他很快拿起自己的行李退了回去。每个人都很不赞成的看着他。11. Marias story happened _. A. when she was leaving America B. on her way back to Santo Domingo C. before she left the USA D. when she arrived at the airport 答案：D题解：此题为事实细节题。题干的意思为：Maria的故事发生在什么时候？从文章第一段的第一句话可知：十六岁的Maria正在圣多明各（多米尼加首都）的机场排队等候。因此知道该故事是发生在她到达机场后。选项A的意思为：当她离开美国的时候。这个选项的意思不正确，故事是发生在她去往美国的途中；选项B的意思为：当她回到圣多明各的时候。选项的意思与文章内容不符合；选项C的意思为：在她离开美国之前。选项的意思与文章内容不符合，不是正确答案；选项D的意思为：她到达机场后。符合文章内容，是正确答案。因此正确选项为D。12. You believe that the work of the airline employee mentioned in the story is to _ at the airport. A. help carry peoples luggage B. ask people to pick up the luggageC. check peoples luggage D. take care of peoples luggage答案：C题解：此题为分析推理题。题干的意思为：你认为故事中提到的机场工作人员的工作是什么？从文章第一段的第五句话可知：她突然听到机场的工作人员正在叫她把行李放到称上。由此可以推理出，这个机场工作人员的工作是检查旅客的行李。选项A的意思为：帮助旅客提行李。这个选项的意思不正确；选项B的意思为：叫旅客提起行李。这个选项的意思不正确；选项C的意思为：检查旅客的行李。选项的意思与文章内容相符合，是正确答案；选项D的意思为：照顾旅客的行李。不符合文章内容，不是正确答案。因此正确选项为C。13. “Why are you so upset?” Maria said to the man. She wanted to tell him that he should not be _. A. surprised B. sad C. unhappy D. sorry答案：C题解：此题为事实细节题。题干的意思为：“为什么你如此不耐烦？”Maria对那个男人说。她这么说是要告诉他不要什么？从文章第一段和第二段可知：Maria的包太重，她根本抬不起来给工作人员检查。她后面的等着托运行李的男人很不耐烦了。Maria很生气，但她很有礼貌。她用英语说，“你为什么如此不耐烦？飞机上的每个人都有座位。”因此知道Maria这么说是要告诉这个男人不要不高兴。选项A的意思为：惊讶的，这个选项的意思不正确；选项B的意思为：难过的，选项的意思不正确；选项C的意思为：不高兴，选项的意思与文章内容符合，是正确答案；选项D的意思为：对不起的，不符合文章内容，不是正确答案。因此正确选项为C。14. “Everyone was looking at him with disapproval.” This sentence means that the people around felt _. A. worried about Maria B. worried about the man C. sorry for Marias manners D. sorry for the mans manners答案：D题解：此题为事实细节题。题干的意思为：“每个人都很不赞成地看着他”这句话的意思是周围的人为这男人的行为感到什么？从文章最后一句话可知：每个人都很不赞成的看着他。因此知道人们对这个男子的看法是不支持。选项A的意思为：人们担忧Maria。这个选项的意思不正确；选项B的意思为：人们担忧那个男子。选项的意思与文章内容不符合；选项C的意思为：人们对Maria的行为感到很遗憾。选项的意思与文章内容不符合，不是正确答案；选项D的意思为：人们对那个男子的行为感到很遗憾。符合文章内容，是正确答案。因此正确选项为D。15. The author mentioned Marias age at the beginning of the story in order to show that _. A. she was young but behaved properly B. she would not have left home alone C. everyone around her was wrong D. it was not good that nobody offered to help her答案：A题解：此题为分析推理题。题干的意思为：作者在故事的开头就提到Maria的年龄是为了表达什么？从全文可知：十六岁的Maria虽然很小，但她行为很得体，得到人们的赞同。因此可以分析推理出作者强调Maria的年龄，是为了表达她很小但行为很得体的意思。选项A的意思为：她很小，但行为很得体。这个选项的意思正确，符合题目要求；选项B的意思为：她不应该独自一人离家，选项的意思与题目要求不符合；选项C的意思为：在她周围的人都是错的。选项的意思与文章内容不符合，不是正确答案；选项D的意思为：没有人为她提供帮助是不正确的。这不