语法Lesson5不定式.doc

语法Lesson5 不定式10.不定式做状语,表结果.so + adj./adv. as to do sth./that如此以至于eg.He studied so hard as to pass the examination.He studied hard enough to pass the examination.toto太以至于不能(否定含义)eg.You are to young to learn to drive.11.省略to的不定式see,hear,watch,let,feel,notice,etc.have,make 当做”使” 也省略toeg.I saw him swim yesterday.I willl have him come here.He made me tell the truth.12.不定式省略to的惯用语.had better do / d better dodo nothing but + do sth. 只是eg.He does nothing but play all day.may/might as well + do sth. 不妨;倒不如would rather + do than + do 宁愿.而不愿eg.I would rather stand rather than sit.I ask him to go to the movie tonight but he didnt want to .Will you visit NewYork someday.Id like to.13. 不定式的时态eg.He seems to be ill. = It seems that he is ill.他现在好像生病了.He seems to have been ill. = It seems that he was ill.他好像生过病.to do 同时发生to have P.P. 发生在之前eg.Im glad to meet you.Im gald to have met you.Im sorry to have offended 冒犯 you the other day 前几天.14.表示希望期待打算的动词.与不定式的 “一般时”连用,表示未来的时间.eg.I hope to see you again.=I hope that I will see you again.表示希望期待打算的动词.与完成时连用表示希望或愿望没有达成.=表示希望愿望的动词使用过去完成时eg.I hoped to have finished the book .I had hoped to finish the book.我原本希望完成这本书(但是没有)I expected to have helped her.I had expected to help her.15.不定式的语态表被动:to be +P.P.eg.他喜欢诽谤别人.He 诽谤他人.likes to speak ill of others.没有人喜欢被诽谤.Nobody likes to be spoken ill of.爱人并且被爱是世界上最幸福的事.To love and to be loved are the greatest happiness.The house is to lent.16.不定式的短语To sum up, 总之= to conclude,=in a word = in conclusionto be brief, 简而言之to begin with, = first of allneedless to say, 不用说to tell the truth , = to be honest ,to make matters worse, 更糟糕的是to be frank with you, 坦白的说eg.to be frank with you he is good with nothing.介词短语to my surprise,to my shock,to my disappointment eg.To our teachers satisfaction.不定式句子练习:1.有句格言说 as a saying goes,活到老学到老 it/one is never to old to learn.要过充实的生活,我们应多读书.有些人 onethe othersomethe others读书是为了追求知识,而有些人读书则只是为了兴趣.老实说,养成读书的习惯是很好的.As a saying goes,one is never too old to learn.In order to live/lead/have a full/enriched life wo should read more booksSome people read books so as to/in order to/to pursue/acquire knowledge others/othe