连词被动语态比较级用法.doc

教学内容一、并列句（一）概念以及句型特点1并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间不是从属关系，而是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词连接。2. 句型特点：简单句+并列连词+简单句 (二)以常用连接词为线索剖析并列句常用的连接词有以and, or, but, so为代表的四大类。1. 以and为代表的表示意义延伸的并列连词此类并列连词包括and（和；同），not onlybut（also）（不但而且），and then（然后）等。He helps me and he also helps others. 他帮助我，也帮助别人。She not only gave us a lot of advice, but also helped us to overcome difficulties. 她不仅给了我们很多建议，而且还帮助我们克服了困难。Do it yourself, and then youll know how to operate it. 亲自动手做一做，然后你就知道怎么操作了。2. 以or为代表的表示选择概念的并列连词此类并列连词包括or（或者；否则），eitheror（或者或者），otherwise（否则）等。Hurry up, or well be late. 快点，否则我们要迟到了。Either you come to my home or I get to yours. 要么你到我家，要么我到你家。Cakes must be put in a cool place, otherwise them will go bad. 蛋糕必须放在阴凉的地方，否则会变坏的。3. 以but为代表的表示转折意义的并列连词此类并列连词包括but（但是；可是）, while（而） yet（然而），however（然而）等。He is young, but he works hard. 他虽然年轻，但工作努力。Generally speaking, butterflies are seen in the daytime while moths are seen in dark. 一般来说，在白天可以看见蝴蝶，而蛾子只有在天黑时才能看得见。I have failed, yet Ill try again. 虽然我失败了，但我会再尝试的。It looks like to rain. However, it is clear this morning. 天好像要下雨了。然而，今天上午是晴天。4. 以so为代表的表示因果关系的并列连词此类并列连词包括so（因此；所以），for（因为）。Mike didnt come to school, for he was ill. 迈克没有来上学，因为他病了。He works hard, so he is a top student of class. 因为他学习努力，所以是班上最优秀的学生。练习：1. Hurry up, _ we are late.A. and B. but C. so D. or2. Take exercise every day, _ you will become stronger and healthier.A. or B. and C. but D. while3. Never give up, _ you will make it. A. and B. but C. or D. yet二、被动语态英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。1.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。2.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。3.被动语态由 “助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。一般现在时的被动语态结构：be（am/is/are）+ 动词过去分词。 例如： Shakespeares plays are seen by millions of people every year. Confucius works are still read by many people today. Mark Twain isnt known as a great thinker. Parents are respected by Chinese people . Many trees are planted along the two banks of the river.练习：1. Newly-born babies_ in hospital. A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care2English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken 3. -How clean and tidy your bedroom is！ -Thank you. It _ every day: A. cleans B. is cleaned C. was cleaned D. is cleaning三、形容词和副词的比较等级和最高级1比较级、最高级的构成 (1)单音节和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加er或est great-greatergreatest，youngyoungeryoungest，slowslowerslowest 以e结尾的只加r或st nicenicer-nicest，largelargerlargest 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先变y为i，再加er或est heavyheavierheaviest， easyeasiereasiest， busybusierbusiest， funnyfunnierfunniest，earlyearlierearliest 以重读闭音节结尾的词，先双写最末的一个辅音字母，再加er或est bigbiggerbiggest， thinthinnerthinnest，fatfatterfattest，fitfitterfittest (2)多音节和部分双音节词，前加more为比较级，加(the)most为最高级 carefulmore carefulmost careful usefulmore usefulmost useful popularmore popularmost popular carelesslymore carelesslymost carelessly (3)不规则变化的词 goodwellbetterbest badillbadlyworseworst manymuchmoremost littlelessleast oldolderelderoldest(指年龄大小)eldest(指长幼顺序)farfartherfurtherfarthest(指距离)furthest(指程度)2形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法 (1)形容词和副词比较级的用法 用于两者比较，表示“比更”： “A+系动词+形容词比较级+than+B” egI am two years older than my little sister “A+谓语动词+副词比较级+than+B” egShe gets to school earlier than the other students 用于两者之间的同级比较，表示“和一样”： “A+系动词+as+形容词原级+as+B” eg. Bill is as funny as his father “A+谓语动词+as+副词原级+as+B” eg. Lucy speaks Chinese as well as Lily. 表示甲在某方面不如乙： “A+系动词+not asso+形容i司原级+as十B” egThese books arent as interesting as those “A+助动词情态动词+not+谓语动词+asso +B” eg. She didnt sing so well that night as she usually does 表示某个范围内的两者相比： “A十动词十the+比较级+of短语(比较范围)” egPenny is the taller of the two girlsPenny是这两个女孩中较高的一个。 表示“越来越”：“比较级+and+比较级” egIn spring the days are getting longer and longer 在春天，白天变得越来越长。 表示“越越”：“the+比较级the+比较级” egThe more you practice using English，the better youll learn it 你英语练得越多，就会学得越好。 可以用much，far，even，a bit，a little，a lot等修饰比较级表示程度，但决不可用very修饰。 egTom is a little taller than MikeTom比Mike稍高一点； it is even colder today than yesterday。 今天甚至比昨天更冷。 (2)形容词和副词最高级的用法 对三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时用最高级。形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the，副词最高级前可加the，也可省掉the；后面可带ofin短语来说明比较范围： “主语+系动词+the+形容词最高级+of短语in短语” egShe is the youngest of all “主语+谓语动词+(the)+最高级+of短语in短语” egLinda draws most carefully in her class练习：1. Your room is very _. Its much _ than mine. Its _ of all.（big） 2. This coat is too _. （expensive）I dont have enough money to buy it. I can buy a _ one than it. Sorry, this one is _ one in the store.（cheap） 3. Tom and Sam are _ at math than physics. And Tom is _ at English in our class.（good） 4. There are many _ places in Australia. You may go there to visit them on vocation. Thank you. But I think there are much _ places in Egypt. I want to go there. （beautiful） 5. Which unit is _ in Book 2, do you think? Is Unit 12 _?（difficult）I dont think so. I think its a little _ than Unit 9. （easy） 6. The air in Beijing is getting much _now than a few years ago. A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest7. Beijing is becoming_ and_. A. more beautiful, more B. beautiful, beautifulC. more, more beautiful D. more beautiful, more beautiful四、课后巩固一、单选1. Tea _ in the south of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow2. This kind of car _ in Japan. A. makes B. made C. is making D. is made3Doctors _ in every part of the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need4-Which ofThe Twins sings _ ？ -They are neck and neck，I think. A. well B. better C. best D. the best5. Id like to change this pair of trousers, _ give me my money back. A. so B. or C. but D. and6. Please come _ have dinner with us. A. or B. but C. and D. so 7. Mr John has worked in that small town _ he left Canada in 1998. A. when B. after C. for D. since8. That was our first lesson, _ she didnt know all our names.A. for B. but C. so D. or 9. The experiment was _easier than we had expected. A. more B. much more C. much D. more much10. This year our school is_ than it was last year. A. much more beautiful B. much beautiful C. the most beautiful D. beautiful11. Remember boys and girls. _you work,_ result you will get. A. The better, the harder B. The harder, . the betterC. The harder, the good12. Paris is one of_ cities in the world. A. more beautifully B. more beautifulC. the most beautiful D. the most beautifully13. Who is the_ student in your class?A. third tallest B. third tall C. three short D. third short二、完型填空Mr. Wang teaches English in a middle school. He likes his work very much. He wanted 1 a teacher even when he was a young boy.There are six classes in a school day at Mr. Wangs middle school. Mr. Wang teachers five of these six classes. 2 his free hour from 2 to 3 in the afternoon, Mr. Wang 3 meet with parents, check students homework and 4 many other things. So Mr. Wang works hard from the moment he gets to school early in the morning until he leaves for home late in the afternoon, and his free hour is not free at all.In his English lesson, Mr. Wang sometimes teaches poems (诗). He likes poems very much, and he likes Li Bais poems 5 of all.In his fifth class today, Mr. Wang taught a poem. He wrote the poem on the blackboard and read it. As soon as he finished 6 the poem, the students began to ask questions. He answered all the questions. Then he asked his students to talk about the poem. 7 one wanted to stop when the bell rang. 8 home, Mr. Wang thought about the fifth class. He was happy about what he did as a teacher. Every one of his students 9 the poem. When they started to talk, they forgot about the time. He did not have to make them 10 . He only had to answer their questions and help them understand the poem.( )1. A. was B. beingC. to beD. be ( )2. A. In B. AtC. ToD. On ( )3. A. has to B. hasC. able to D. will ( )4. A. take care for B. care ofC. take care ofD. be careful of ( )5. A. betterB. goodC. wellD. best ( )6. A. readingB. to read C. readD. doing ( )7. A. Not B. NoC. Have noD. Any ( )8. A. By the wayB. To his wayC. On his wayD. In the way ( )9. A. likedB. askedC. hadD. wanted ( )10. A. learning B. to learnC. learn D. leant 三、阅读理解1Bill and Tom were walking in the forest one day, and stopped to pick up some nuts under a tree. They heard a strange noise coming from a hole in the tree. Bill climbed up to look in. two baby squirrels(松鼠) were inside, crying for their mother. Someone killed her and left the babies to die. Each of the boys put a baby squirrel in his jacket pocket and carried it home. There the boys made a soft bed in a box for the little animals, and fed(喂养) them warm milk from a small bottle. The squirrels soon grew round and fat. Bill and Tom liked them very much.( )1. One day Bill and Tom were walking _. A. in the street B. in the forest C. in the park D. on the farm( )2. Bill and Tom found the baby squirrels _. A. at home B. on the ground C. in a hole in the tree D. under the tree( )3. What did the boys do to the squirrels?A. They left the babies to die. B、 They carried them home.B. They put them back in the tree. D、They threw them away.( )4. The boys fed the squirrels _. A. water B. bread C. nuts D. warm milk( )5. The squirrels soon _. A. were ill B. ran away C. died D. grew round and fat2Last month we bought our two-year-old daughter a little dog. There were few children near our house, and we thought a dog could keep her occupied(有事干). We were right. They play together happily. Our daughter now laughs a lot more than before. In a way they look like two children in the house. Both of them are playful, but cry when they do not get what they want. The dog is easier to look after than my daughter-he always eats all his food up and we dont have lots of dirty clothes to wash. I have given up smoking, because of my daughter and the dog. My wife is also pleased. We all like the dog.( )1. The writer bought his daughter a dog because his daughter _. A. had few friends B. had a few friends to play with C. liked a little dog D. wanted another child to play with( )2. How does the farmer know that his daughter happy with the dog? A. She sometime laughs. B. She wasnt alone any longer. C. She often plays with the dog. D. She laughs more than before.( )3. The dog is easy to look after because _.A. it doesnt cry as often as his little daughterB. it is not very dirtyC. theres no need to wash clothes for itD. it eats more quickly than his daughter( )4. The writer has stopped smoking for _. A. making his wife happy B. his daughters health C. making the room clean D. keeping the dog happy( )5. From the story we know that the writer _.A. likes the dog better than his daughterB. likes to have two children in the houseC. wants to make his daughter happyD. wants to make his wife happy3One of Nasreddins friends loves money very much, and never gives anything to anybody. Soon he becomes rich. One day, he is walking near t