动词不定式的完成体.doc

动词不定式的完成体1. 如果不定式动作是瞬间动作动词，它表示一个在现在或过去某时之前已经完成的动作；如果是持续动作动词，它表示一个一直持续到现在或过去某时的动作。A. 常见的可接不定式完成体的动词有：happen / see / appear / prove / pretend / seem, etc.He seemed to have lived a happy life.他似乎一直过得很幸福。（他的幸福生活一直持续到现在）B. 常见的可用于“主语+be said+to have done / been”相当于主动句“People say + that”结构的句型有：be said / reported / thought / supposed /expected / believed / considered / known等。如：Her husband is said to have given up smoking.（“戒烟”发生在“据说”之前）The young girl is reported to have been a League member for five years. 不定式谓语动作前所处的状态C. 常见的可接不定式完成体的形容词有glad / happy / sad / disappointed / satisfied / sorry/ surprised等。如：I am sorry to have given you so much trouble.比较下面不定式的一般时和完成时的区别：Im happy to have seen you. 见到你很高兴（分手时说）Im happy to see you. 见到你很高兴（见面时说）Im sorry to keep you waiting for a minute. 对不起，要请你等会儿。（说话时还未等）Im sorry to have kept you waiting for a long time. 对不起，要请你等会儿（说话时已等了很久）2. be +不定式完成时态表示该做或想做但未做的动作。如：You were to have arrived there early that day.那天你们应该早点到那儿。（但你们晚到了）I was to have helped him then, but I was too busy.当时我本想帮他的忙，可我太忙了。（未能帮他的忙）3. 表示“意图，打算”之意的动词如hope, wish, expect, think, suppose, want, plan, agree, mean, try 等用过去时，又后接不定式完成式作宾语时，表示想做而未做的事情。这种意义也可用这类词的“过去完成时+ 不定式的一般式”表达。如：We wished to have put out the fire in thirty minutes. (= We had wished to put .)我们本打算半小时就把火扑灭的。（结果没有做到）The engineers planned to have removed the temple before the dam was completed. (=The engineers had planned to remove the )工程师们本决定大坝建成之前把那座寺庙移走的。（结果没有）1. This company was the first _ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.A. producing B. to produce C. having produced D. produced 2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, _it more difficult.A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make 3. Helen had to shout _above the sound of the music .A .making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself heard D .to make herself heard 4. I dont know whether you happen_ ,but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September.A .to be heard. B. to be bearing C .to hear D .to have heard 5. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _the film stars had left.A .to tell B .to be told C .telling D .told 6. You were silly not _your car.A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked 7. The teacher asked us _so much noise.A .dont make B. not make C. not making D .not to make8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _clear warnings before firing any shots.A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued9. Id rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_ a room with someone else.A. to share B. to have shared C. share D. sharing10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_ in broad daylight yesterday. A. robbed B. to have been robbed C. being robbed D. having been robbed11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed _in a fire. A. being destroyed B. having been destroyed C. to be destroyed D. to have been destroyed12. The meeting _ next week is sure to be a great success.A. to take place B. to be taken place C. to have taken place D. being taken place13. As a result of my laziness, I failed _ my work in time.A. and finishedB. to finishC. and finishingD. to finished14. I am sorry _ written you a letter at the time.A. to have notB. to not haveC. not to haveD. not having 15. Will you lend him a magazine _?A. to be readB. for readingC. to readD. he read16. He could do nothing but _for the bus _. A. wait, to come B. wait; come C. waiting; coming D. waited; came17 .It is a problem that doesnt need _ right now.A. to solveB. solvingC. being solvedD. to be solving18. Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _ trouble.A. making B. to make C. to have made D. having made19. I remember _him _the bike needed _.A. hearing, saying, to repair B. to hear, say, to repairC. hearing, say, repairing D. to hear, saying, to be repaired20. - You should have thanked her before you left.- I meant _, but when I was leaving I couldnt find her anywhere.A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing so21. Robert is said to _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in.A. to have studied B. to study B. to be studying D. to have been studying22. Im gong to Xian next week. Have you anything _ to your parents?A. to take B. to be taken C. to be bought to D. to buy23. when are they _ in their plan?A. hand B. handed C. to hand D. give24. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _.A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survived D. will survive25. When we hurried to the station, there happened _ no bus at that time.A. to have B. to be C. having D. being 26. I lost my way in complete darkness and, _ matters worse, it began to rain.A. made B. having made C. making D. to make27. At _ time does the salesgirl get up late in the morning, though she is always too busy _ a good rest.A. no, to take B. no, taking C. any, to take D. one, taking28. -Are you a student?-No, but I used _.A. to be B. to was C. to do D. to be a29. I stopped to listen, and my son seemed _ himself _ in the living room. A. to enjoy, to shut B. to be enjoying, shutting C. to be enjoying, shut D. to have enjoyed, having shut30. With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled31. Were leaving at six oclock, and hope _ most of the journey by lunch time. A. to do B. to have done C. to make D. to have made32. The study of the wild world may help to make the world easier _. A. understood B. to be understood C. to understand D. understand33. Who will you get _ the project for us? A. design B. to design C. designed D. designing34. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government know _. A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it35. We are not allowed _ outdoors with some other children. A. playing B. to be playing C. to play D. be playing36. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. A. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much37. She feels so strongly that each of us should have a role _in making the earth a better place to live in. A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing38. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _. A. to send B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to39. Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears _ everything. A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told40. There are five pairs _, but Im at a loss which to buy. A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing41. The problem is _ difficult for us _. A. so; work out B. very too; to be worked out C. rather too, to work out D. quite too, to work it out42. -Where should I _ my application? -The personnel office is the place _. A. send; to send it B. send for; to send it to C. send for; for sending it D. send; to send it to43. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect C. expects D. to be expecting44. I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame45. Can you imagine the questions I had _ our teacher? A. asked B. to ask C. asking D. ask46. Who did you _ the wall yesterday? A. have painted B. have paint C. have to paint D. have painting47. -Whats the matter with John? -He didnt pass the test but he still _. A. hopes so B. hopes to C. hope it D. hope that48. Much attention should be paid _ peoples living conditions. A. in improving B. to improve C. improving D. to improving49. _ that evening was due to his ill health. A. He failed to come B. That he failed to coming C. His failure to come D. His failure in coming50. I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone51. My family considers _ a computer, which is considered _ a great help in our work and study. A. to buy; to be B. buying; being C. to buy; being D. buying; to be52. With the plane _ in ten minutes, all the passengers on board were asked to turn off their mobile phones. A. taken off B. taking off C. to take off D. would take off53. Thank you for all the trouble youve taken _ me.A. to help B. with to he