机械专业英语期末考试复习题库.doc

metal金属nonferrous非铁金属，有色金属ferrous黑色金属copper铜aluminum 铝strength强度hardness硬度corrode腐蚀foundry 铸造、铸造厂casting铸件、铸造pig iron 生铁drop forging 落锤锻tolerance公差furnace炉子pyrometer 高温计solder焊料weld焊接electrode 电极anneal退火Melting point熔点grinding 磨削加工tempering 回火quench 淬火、熄灭modulus 系数，模elasticity弹性elastic 弹性的mesh 啮合worm蜗杆spur gear直齿圆柱齿轮helical gear斜齿圆柱齿轮straight bevel 直齿锥齿轮worm gear 涡轮lubricant润滑剂pitch螺距lead 导程torque 扭矩rack齿条left hand threads左螺纹right hand threads 右螺纹cam凸轮follower从动件pulley 滑轮belt 皮带critical 临界点woodruff key 半圆键cantilever 悬臂tepered key 锥形键washer 垫圈spring 弹簧screw 螺钉bolt螺栓coupling 联轴器nut 螺母chain 链条bearing 轴承rigid刚性的intensity 强度flexibility挠性inertia惯性tolerance公差pin-joint 铰接hinge 铰链brake制动器lathe 车床thread 螺纹drilling钻削boring 镗削milling铣削turning 切削friction 摩擦力chip 屑片external grinder 外圆磨床die 模具internal grinder 内圆磨床finish粗糙度surface grinder 平面磨床centerless grinder 无心磨床cutter grinder工具磨床wear 磨损refinement精加工roughing operations 粗加工twist drill麻花钻twist drill麻花钻trail 踪迹, 痕迹, 形迹jack 提高robotics机器人技术manipulator 操作者, 操纵者, 机械手binary二进位的, 二元的swarf金属屑rake angle前角rolling contact bearing滚动轴承sliding contact bearing滑动轴承angular contact bearing角接触轴承Read-only memory 只读存储器Hard automation刚性自动化Random access memory 随机存储Geometric modeling几何造型Engineering analysis工程分析Kinematics运动学Automatic drawing自动绘图numerical control 数字控制factory Management工程管理Computer Numerical Control计算机数控Direct numerical control直接数控User interface用户接口Knowledge base知识库（1）.cad，cam全称，功能Cad：Computer-aided design1. Geometric modeling 几何造型2. Engineering analysis 工程分析3. Kinematics运动学 4. Automated drafting 自动绘图Cam：computer-aided manufacturing1. Numerical control 数字控制2. Process planning 工艺加工过程 3. Robotics 机器人技术 4. Factory management 工厂管理（2）齿轮的种类：1.spur gear 2.helical gear3.straight bevel（3）铸造工艺包括那几步：1. making molds2.preparing and melting the metal3. pouring the metal into the molds4. cleaning the castings.（4）列举几种常用的机械零部件：Gear key shafe screw bolt bearing（5）皮带传动是否精确为什么？not precise Belt depend on friction on the pulleys and some slippage is inherent in their operation.（6）道具磨损类型有哪些：1. Flank wear2. crater wear3.notch wear（7）钢的力学性能：(1) Strength 强度(in tension张力, compression压力, shear 剪切力and bending弯曲力) (2) Stiffness刚性(3) Ductility延展性(4) Impact strength 冲击强(5) Hardness硬度(6) Toughness韧性句子翻译1对于深沟球轴承沟槽的深度大约是球直径的1/4In deep-groove ball bearings, the races are approximately one fourth as deep as the ball diameter.2.把金属件焊接强度来决定There are a number of methods of joining metal articles together, depending on the type of metal and the strength of the joint which is required.3.软钎焊的工艺Soldering is the process of joining two metals by a third metal to be applied in the molten state.4.力学性能是什么Mechanical properties are the characteristic responses of a material to applied forces.5.用于冷加工的机器叫做压力机The machine used for most cold-working operations is known as a press.6.切削刀具The cutting tool must be made of an appropriate material; it must be strong, tough, hard, and wear r