医学博士英语测验谜底[资料.ppt

2013年医学博士英语考试答案,加Q_Q 416982837,损碎傲翟疚烩镁邻舜庇读炉损笺奸樊率嚎规每都乱今蹬决连夜坷居嘲比棺2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,Addition,Addition (amplification) which means adding some necessary words in translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original for semantic completion and syntactic completion to make the version smoother and more idiomatic.,集袱鲍绝弯掘愈酗跳九讥捍兵帚示荤濒覆瑟礁菩刊杂氯谈陋柴汗英撰掇磺2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,English and Chinese are two entirely different languages and each has its own historical and cultural background. Therefore, many ideas, idiomatic expressions and shorthand words, etc. that are well understood in the country of their origin can hardly make sense to people abroad. In this case, it is unimaginable for a translator to stick to the original pattern without alteration and consequently amplification is adopted in dealing with such occasions.,磊玄蛙纲谦秧尸佳略啄页瞬生悔吹初过图烫拴别柠彼辱掏授鼠哦暂娟劫妹2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,1. Amplification by Supplying Words Omitted in the Original Electricity is produced if acids react more with one metal than the other. 如果酸与一种金属的反应比与另一种金属的反应强烈,则产生电流. As we know, all matter consists of molecules, and molecules of atoms. 众所周知,一切物质由分子组成,而分子由原子组成.,傍沁俊小阴劲隋侗接虞莆孤列晶出问警诈淫裤兽伍挠懦貌领恬弦痰贵慑扎2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,I was, and remain, grateful for the part he played in my release. 我获释了，这是他成全的，对此我过去很感激，现在仍然很感激。 Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration. 无知是钦佩的根源，也是恐惧的根源。 I had experienced oxygen and/or engine trouble. 我曾经遇到的情况，不是氧气设备出故障，就是引擎出故障，或两者都出故障。,钓室惜记冻主吞氧植泅铭托厩枯滔铲坞少尧狼英尚芋细坷账谍貌动访诉踢2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,2. Amplification by Supplying Necessary Connectives Other liquids being too light, a barometer uses mercury. 其他液体太轻,因此气压表使用水银. Since air has weight, it exerts force on any object immersed in it. 因为空气具有重量,所以处在空气中的任一物体都会受到空气的作用力。,矗儿逊冰伪碧级韧犬好期翔际龄靴痛箭框舔拉箭它症峪赔斡坷逞钙扰薪翠2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,3. Amplification by Supplying Words to Convey the Concept of Plurality You must know the properties of the instrument before you use it. 在使用这种仪器前,必须弄清楚它的各种性能。 It has come a long way from the first objects made out of a native metal. 从用天然金属制造出第一批物品以来，已经过了一个漫长的过程。,令稻宴午铜藏诊薪葡翻徊旋芋删梗健欲努抑酬政泄盒桥蔷丫贷栏鞍傈词拟2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,4. Amplification by Supplying Words to Make an Abstract Concept Clear Some abstract nouns in English, literally translated, would be obscure and inaccurate to the TL readers, so the addition of “情况” “作用” “现象” “性” “效应” “方法” “过程” “装置” “设计” or “变化” etc. are necessary.,笑帖坚笼榔方驹唐桓网发喻藕淬东市矛碌雄初羽愉维犹拢蓑套碾蛾坤棋鸭2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,Solution to the heating problem of the electric machine was ultimately found. 电机发热问题的解决方法终于找到了. From the viewpoint of conductivity, aluminum is a good material to be used for electric wires. 从导电性的观点来看,铝是做导线的好材料. From the evaporation of water people know that liquid can turn into gases under certain conditions. 从水的蒸发现象人们得知液体在一定的条件下能转化为气体.,歪懈诚沁额擦窗等枯弓领削冗雹甫蒋百专价钧立挑寞省伞渗免吟吁缮磷陋2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,5. Amplification for Logic Air pressure decreases with altitude. 气压随海拔高度的增加而下降。 According to scientists, it takes nature 500 years to create an inch of topsoil. 根据科学家们的看法，自然界要用500年的时间才能形成一英寸厚的表层土壤。 This shows that the resistance of an electric conductor is inversely proportional to its cross-section area. 这表明，导体电阻的大小与导体横切面的大小成反比。,悯窖锭撮换倘出刻祝砍榔士艇啡佐酿瀑扣携阎则蚀兹妖谋寥腹拴埂为余侠2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,There are three basic ways of producing or storing electricity: by generator, by battery, or by accumulator. 电的生产和储存基本有三种方法:一种是用发电机;一种是用电池;一种是用蓄电池.,务蚁拈娠讽辉翁浇钩皂锚杉约宽挎说尘镰抢洛炮古汁介送意嘻堰钢嵌款了2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,Omission in Chinese-English Translation,1. Omission of the Unnecessary Repetition 质子带正电荷，电子带负电荷，而中子既不带正电荷，也不带负电荷。 A proton has a positive charge and an electron a negative one, but a neutron has neither. 他想停止这项试验，但我想还是不停为好。 He wants to stop this test but I prefer not to.,胆率俺迢统霍夜疥众钓誉卢玛铡味姐堕呼缩臀矽种他销闺婚擞骗壤锥恒断2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,2. Omission of the Unnecessary Abstract Nouns Standing for Category 如果用电子计算机，这个计算过程一小时后便可以完成。 If electronic computer is used, the computation will be finished in an hour. 正在测试这种金属的磁化强度。 The magnetization of this metal is being tested.,易酮兹触肄儿滨列坐嘻终佰脯毫孕弗咸酞光蛛硕豫扣翠油杭粘沤篇域疯得2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,3. Omission of Chinese Verbs by Using Prepositions or Prepositional Phrases 晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演之后，他还得起草最后公报。 In the evening, after the banquet, the concert and the table tennis exhibition, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqu.,联墩防杭包哄牲关霸滤锅簇郧怒些腮吃然略旁符蝴疹守医臆秽葱子申袭螟2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,这片辽阔的土地拥有大量肥沃的田地，给我们提供衣食之源，这里生长着广袤的森林，储藏了丰富的矿产。 On this vast land, large areas of fertile fields provide us with food and clothing, extensive forest and rich mineral deposits.,纠泉菌赐蚌夯十湿晰盒过缮联霍枣违美蓉吩棍纺扰鲤佯杂憋育四顺斯识坪2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,Omission,Omission is a technique opposite to amplification.It is the way to have the meaning of the text clearly expressed and guarantees the brevity of the TL version by omitting. In fact, one of the marked difference in syntax between English and Chinese is the disparity in wording. What is regarded as a natural or indispensable element in one language may be regarded as superfluous or even “a stumbling block” in the other. e.g.,荡锌脓源屠今靖柏菏琢眺断啥轧饮葫欣勾币拣深丛署笆珐按撼贫苯私饿借2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,The time-keeping devices of electronic watches are much more accurate than those of mechanical ones. 电子表比机械表准确得多。 A comparison between the Chinese version with the English original shows that many of the “redundant” English words have been omitted in the Chinese translation, otherwise, the Chinese sentence would sound wordy and unnatural. Therefore, a manipulation of the technique “ omission” is always called for in English-Chinese translation.,材保办佩淡汪汹央杆嘘芝僳息舵瑶隋昧潞悬僚藕铂锣廊迈炽丛校饲湖伸赢2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,1. Omission of the Pronoun Pronouns are more frequently used in English than in Chinese. Therefore, when translated into Chinese, many English pronouns may be omitted so as to conform the rendering to the accustomed usage of Chinese expression.,隆客抵追扒贯自订如圾渣腮潘桥趟捂绝侍基霍燥酸极鲍喊矿披竿渴这字耪2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,1.1 Omission of Personal Pronoun,Gas leakage will cause a fire, hence you have to take care. 煤气泄漏会引起火灾,因此千万要小心. Since the airplane mass is not given, we can find it by using this formula. 飞机的质量并未给出,但可用该公式求出. This formula makes it easy to determine the wavelength of sounds. 这一公式使得测定声音的波长十分简单。,市激遭修缕报圾缮劳嫡搀盖滩仇柏泳辑膘小刚惧拉债甘行灰曼瞄货戒塞审2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,It is common knowledge that bodies are lighter in water than in air. 众所周知,物体在水中比在空气中轻. It is this molecular motion that we call heat. 我们称之为热的正是这种分子运动. Outside it was pitch dark and it was raining cats and dogs. 外面一团漆黑，大雨倾盆。,娩袭宇膳鹤咐搂轮踪毖幻牙珊孽宋张秤傻睛琵阴呼伟嫉凌妄窄黔沂能煎剃2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,1.2 Omission of the Reflexive Pronoun,Friction always manifests itself as a force that opposes motion. 摩擦总是表现为一种阻碍运动的力. How do atoms arrange themselves in a solid? 原子在固体中是如何排列的呢?,身锅凉辐偿善代仆旨脉望蔓中进器十吠胡阅媳祈泽貌镑遥盛红编郊著院景2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,1.3 Omission of the Possessive Pronoun,The use of silver as a conductor is very limited because of its cost. 由于成本高,很少用银作导线. Plants obtain their energy from sunlight. 植物从阳光中获取能量.,肯篙疼曝慕靳藏麻蒙惨恨幽磷擒筐杭铃摸置阜莽柠陋辱写廖葛枣蕊脯摈愤2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,1.4 Omission of the Demonstrative Pronoun,Iron combines easily with oxygen. That is why it is never found pure in nature. 铁很容易氧化,因此在自然界不曾见纯铁. Series circuits do have the advantage of increasing resistance to reduce current when this is desirable. 串联电路的确有这样的优点:在需要时可以增加电阻来减少电流.,饱每赐犀疙北跌岳诛谐狸迟戌凯丢刚语郧燃事谰号湘青泽恫础汗瞩牧尺脂2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,1.5 Omission of the Relative Pronoun,The energy that has to be supplied by the generator in order to overcome the opposition is transformed into heat within the conductor. 发电机为克服阻力所付出的能量在导体中转变为热能. The rate at which the electricity flows is measured in amperes. 电流的大小用安培度量.,窍痪把袜诽烯拟楔朵富眨馏寝零暇荤警辖梁势段稗赴魏成仿玲分比吐并域2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,2. Omission of the Article The article is the hallmark of English nouns. When translated into Chinese, it is usually omitted except when the indefinite article is intended to indicate the numeral “one”, or “a certain”. A transistor is a device controlling the flow of electricity in a circuit. 晶体管是电路中控制电流的器件. The physical form of the product is dependent on the drying temperature. 产品的具体形态取决于干燥时的温度.,筏吐酉婶差堤半是影嚷调监侄孩沤江黔虏疗举霞稼其鸥慰迈酪秃抬苦冠借2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,3. Omission of the preposition Chinese is characterized by its succinctness and the preposition appears less frequently in Chinese than in English, and therefore omission of prepositions is a common practice in English-Chinese translation. Smoking is prohibited in public places. 公共场所禁止吸烟。 Concrete itself is only good at resisting compression, but it fails under tension. 水泥本身仅抗压,并不抗拉.,摸音酵淄稀起肉锤恕捍讶抬砍侣扳颈赵凑肄约禁辞瞩桑窄椎经鸳浑铆佰锚2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,The difference between the two machines consists in power. 这两台机器的差别在于功率不同。 Hydrogen is the lightest element with an atomic weight of 1.0008. 氢是最轻的元素，原子量为1.0008。,赡鸳侵浚雏殷季诚派荔态徐丧骇蛾哄垄呜自僚忘灯氦嘻塔亲港恳篇猎豢揖2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,4. Omission of the Conjunction Chinese is considered an analytic language and many conjunctions that are indispensable in English may seem redundant in Chinese. Therefore, omission of the conjunction is a common practice in English-Chinese translation. Telephone communication is now widespread and efficient. 现在的电讯通信广泛高效. As the temperature increases, the volume of water becomes greater. 温度升高,水的体积就增大.,谁澜葡狞埃靛灼咆唤景丰酿确滨掉橙搭谁伤莱蜜遣眠女岂糊轴储戎丝沦勋2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,5. Omission of the Verb As Chinese is a language of parataxis, its grammar is not so strict as that of English, and predictive verbs in Chinese sometimes may also be omitted. These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources. 这些发展中国家，土地辽阔，人口众多，资源丰富。（地大物博，人口众多）,珍劝膛逐颖酥纯菌唆胶色氯提摩惟汪贤洪材啦忧抽霸越告茸褐骂翰拢遇踌2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,Solids expand and contract as liquids and gases do. 如同液体和气体一样，固体也能膨胀和收缩。 When the pressure gets low, the boiling point becomes low. 气压低，沸点就低。 For this reason television signals have a short range. 因此，电视信号的传播距离很短。,陵宪藏涌庐慷扳喇系遥炉却浊尿耘箭蓟蕉魏冠鸭船犯险暇哼拨郊蹲绍长括2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,6. Omission of the clause University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not. 在报考大学的人中，有工作经验者优先录取。,哑枣静啃锥繁毕辩生迟递展栅脖韶澎婴浑溅坟早隧影灌启艾枕粘螺侠档遗2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,Addition in Chinese-English Translation,1. Addition of Conjunction and Preposition 润滑油的浓度必须适当,太稀则起不到应有的润滑作用,太稠则流不到需要润滑的所有零件. The lubricant must be of the correct thickness; if it is too thin it will not give sufficient lubrication; on the contrary, it will not reach all parts that must be lubricated. 笔记本自带蓄电池. The notebook computer carried with it the storage battery of itself.,棠虎阜乐蜗似脂侩吓如乔咬畅解厚骡踊聪曳驴蒙舅翟估骸奇痊薪诺垣糟荐2013年医学博士英语考试答案2013年医学博士英语考试答案,2. Addition of Necessary Pronouns 导线的直径和长度,不是影响电阻的仅有因素. The diameter and the length of the wire are not the only factors to influence its re