不定冠词讲解与习题.doc

学生教案教师姓名许樱文学生姓名岑康华填写时间2013-08-03年级初二学科英语上课时间2013-08-0414:00-16:00阶段基础（ ） 提高（ ）强化（ ）课时计划第（10）次课共（20）次课教学目标1、不定冠词与定冠词的学习与掌握。2、不定冠词与定冠词的具体使用情况。重难点1、不定冠词与定冠词的区分使用。2、熟练掌握不定冠词与定冠词的使用情况。课后作业：1、完成所发的针对性练习。2、巩固所学的知识。教师评语及建议：科组长签字：冠词1、定义：冠词是用在名词前面，说明名词所表示的人或事物的词。2、冠词的分类冠词分为不定冠词a, an 和定冠词the（一）不定冠词a, an不定冠词表示数量一个或一. 不定冠词a 用于辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前, an用于元音音素开头的单数可数名词前.但语气没有one强烈。如:a book , a pen , a girl , a worker, an arm , an apple ，an orange , an hour , an egg以字母u 开头的单词，u的发音为/ju:/时, 前面要用a ; 发音为元音音素的单词,前面都要用an 如: a useful book a university an umbrella an hour an honest child an interesting stor用在某些固定词组中。 a bit 有一点儿; 一会儿 a bit of 一点儿; 少许 a few 一些; 少数几个 a little 一点儿 a lot (of ) 许多 a moment later 片刻之后 a pair of 一对，一双 after a while 过一会儿 have a good time 玩得很高兴have a rest休息once upon a time 从前 in a minute 一会儿; 立刻 just a moment 等一会儿 Exercise:一、判断正误 a story( ) a apple ( ) a paper（ ） a orange（ ） a pretty woman（ ） an school ( ) an useful book ( )二、用正确的a和an填空。1、（ ）cat can catch mice.2、The ant is ( ) insect .3、Lucy spends ( )hour doing her home work everyday .4、Bobs father is ( )engineer .5、John is ( ) honest boy三、在空格内填上a或an1. _ear 2._actor 3. _hen 4. _toy 5. _university 6. _elephant 7. _hat 8._umbrella9._rabbit 10._idea 11._hour 12_ honest boy13._interesting book 14._easy question 15._orange dress16_apple pie 17_X-ray machine 18._ice cream(二) 定冠词the定冠词the通常对所修饰的名词有指定作用。1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。The man in blue in my father. 穿蓝衣服的男人是我爸爸。2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。Open the window please. 请把窗户打开。(双方都知道指的是哪一扇窗户)3.指上文已经提到的人或事物。 There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. 窗户附近有一把椅子。椅子上坐着一位年轻妇女，怀里抱着一个婴儿。I have a book. The book is very interesting. 我有一本书。这本书非常有趣。4.指世上独一无二的事物。Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon?太阳、地球和月亮哪个最大？A kite is flying in the sky. 一只风筝在天空中飞翔。5.用在乐器名称前。Do you like playing the piano? 你喜欢弹钢琴吗？6. 用在集合名词前，指一个整体。The family are all music lovers. 全家人都是音乐爱好者。The public are the best judges. 公众是最好的审判员。7.用在序数词、形容词最高级前。The first truck is the fastest of all. 第一辆货车跑得最快。8.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。the Great wall长城 the Summer Palace颐和园9.用在某些形容词前，表示复数意义的某类人。the rich富人 the sick病人 the old老人 the young年轻人the poor_ the deaf _ the blind_10.用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。The Turners are going home on a train.11.用在方位词前。on the left在左边 in the east在东方 at the back/front of在的后/前面12.用在某些固定词组中。 all the time 一直at the same time 同时by the way 顺便说in the end 最后in the morning在上午on the earth 在地球上the day after tomorrow 后天the day before yesterday 前天3. 不用冠词的情况1）在物质名词，抽象名词前不用冠词 The desk is made of wood. What is work? Work is struggle2）专有名词前通常不用定冠词：England， China Mary Lilei Mr.Green 3） 在星期、月份，季节，节日等名词前：We have four seasons- spring, summer, autumn and winter一年有四季：春夏秋冬We often go to sea a film on Sunday. 我们经常周日去看电影。Tomorrow is National Day. 明天是国庆节。4）名词前有物主代词，指示代词，不定代词，名词所有格修饰时(this， my，that， those， these， her)如：this morning my pen your watch whose bike 等5） 在球类运动、一日三餐、学科和语言的名词前如：have breakfast play chess play basketball (注意 在乐器前必须加定冠词 如弹钢琴play the piano play the violin)6）固定短语：by bus 乘坐公共汽车 after school 放学后 in bed 卧床 at first 首先 at noon在中午 on foot步行冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。I. 不定冠词的用法：1指一类人或事，相当于a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.2第一次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you.3表示“每一”相当于every，oneWe study eight hours a day.4表示“相同”相当于the sameWe are nearly of an age.5用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were outThat boy is rather a Lei Feng.6用于固定词组中A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.8用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.II. 定冠词的用法：1表示某一类人或物The horse is a useful animal.2用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Would you mind opening the door? 4用于乐器前面play the violin, play the guitar5用于形容词和分词前表示一类人the reach, the living, the wounded6表示“一家人”或“夫妇”the Greens, the Wangs7用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前He is the taller of the two children.8用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French9用于表示发明物的单数名词前The compass was invented in China.10在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代in the 1990s11用于表示单位的名词前I hired the car by the hour.12用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前He patted me on the shoulder.III. 零冠词的用法：1专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air2名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?3季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring4表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前Lincoln was made President of America.5学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前He likes playing football/chess.6与by连用表示交通工具的名词前by train, by air, by land7以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night8 表示泛指的复数名词前Horses are useful animals.练习填空1. There is _picture of _ elephant on _ wall 2This is _ useful bookIve read it for _hour 3 _elephant is much heavier than _ horse 4 _doctor told him to take _ medicine three times _day 5Lets go out for _ walk 6Its too hotOpen _ door，please 7There is _ woman over there _woman is Meimeis mother 8 _sun rises in _ east 9 _Changjiang River is _ longest river in _ China 10Are you going to do it _ second time？ 11Washington is _ capital of _ USA 12 _Turners are living at the end of _Turner Street 13He joined the army in _ spring of _1995 14 _old man is _teacherHe likes playing _basketball after _ supper 15After I had _ quick breakfast，I hurried to school 16Are _ sheep kept by _ farmers for producing _ wool and _meat？ 17They went to _ Peoples Park，but we both went to _Peoples Cinema yesterday 18I often watch _ TV in _ evening 19 _day of _ December 20，1999 is Monday 20Tomorrow is _Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _Christmas tree today 21I think _ maths is more important than any other subject 22He often goes to _ school by _ bike 23What does this _ word mean， _Father？ 24What _ important news！ 选择填空1Does Jim have _ruler？ Yes，he has _ Aan；some Ba；one Ca； Dany；one 2There is _ old bike _old bike is Mr Zhaos Aan ；The Bthe；An Ca；The Dthe；The 3 _apple a day keeps the doctors aw ay AThe BA CAn DTwo 4How many books do you have？ I have _ bookThats _ English book Aa；an Ba；one Cone；an Done；one 5At that time Tom was _one-year-old baby Aa Ban Cthe D 6 _tiger is _ China AThe；a BA；the CThe；from DThe；the 7We cant see _ sun at _ night Athe；the Bthe； Ca； D； 8 _useful book it is！ AWhat an BHow a CWhat a DWhat 9One afternoon he found _handbagThere was _“s”on the corner of _handbag Aa；an；the Ba；a；the Can；an；an Dthe；a；a 10 _old lady with white hair spoke _ English well at _meeting AAn；an；a BThe；an CThe；a DThe；the 11 _Great Wall is _ longest wall in the world AA；a BThe；the CA；the DThe；a 12 _new bridge has been built over Huangpu River AThe；a BA； CA；the DAn；the 13 _woman over there is _ popular teacher in our school AA；an BThe；a CThe；the DA；the 14He used to be _ teacher but later he turned _ writer Aa；a Ba；the C；a Da； 15They made him _ king Aa Bthe Can D 16His father is _ English teacherHe works in our school Aa Ban Cthe D 17Is he _ American boy ？ Aan Ba Cone D 18Does Tom often play _ football after _ school？ A； B；the Cthe； Da； 19They passed our school _ day before yesterday Aan Bone Ca Dthe 20Australia is _ English-speaking country Aa Ban Cthe D 21She has _ orange skirt _skirt is nice Aa；The Ban；The Can；A Dthe；The 22This is _ appleIts _ big apple Aan；a Ba；the Ca；an Dan；the 23Look at _ horse over there Aa Ban Cthe D 24Dont play _ basketball hereIts dangerous Aa Ban C Dthe 25There is _ old woman in the car A Bthe Ca Dan 26Beijing is _ beautiful cityIts _ capital of China Aa；a Bthe；the C；the Da；the 27Shanghai is in _ east of China A Ban Ca Dthe 28Ive been a student there for nearly two and _half years Aa Ban CtheD 29Bill is _ English teacherHe likes playing _ football Aa；the Ban；the Ca； Dan； 30The museum is quite farIt will take you half _ hour to get there by _bus Aan； Ban；a Ca； D；阅读：AJimmy lived in the country, and he loved playing in a very shallow(浅的)river near his house;but then his father got a job in a big city, and he moved there with his family.Their new house had a garden, but the garden was very small. Jimmy wasnt very happy.“Is there a river near here?” he asked his mother on the first morning. His mother answered,“ No, there isnt, but theres a beautiful park near here, Jimmy, and theres a pool in it. Well go there this afternoon.” Then Jimmy was happy.After lunch, Jimmy and his mother went to the park, Jimmy wanted to walk near the pool, but there was a sign in front of it. His mother read it to him:“WARNING: This pool is dangerous.(危险的)367 people have fallen into it.”Jimmy looked into the pool carefully. Then he said,“I cant see them.”根据短文内容判断正（T）误（F）（ ）1.Jimmys father worked in a big city.（ ）2.After breakfast, Jimmy and his mother went to the park.（ ）3.The garden was very small.（ ）4.Theres a pool in the country.（ ）5.367 people have fallen into the pool.BWe drink tea every day. But more than 400 years ago, most people in Europe(欧洲) did not know anything about tea. Some had heard about it ,but very few knew what to do with it.Here is a story about an English sailor（水手）who went to countries all over the world. He had been to China and India. One day he came home and brought some tea as a present for his mother. She told her friends about the present and invited them to a “tea party”.When her friends came to the “tea party”,the old woman gave them brown tea leaves. Her friends began to eat them of course, nobody liked the tea leaves. At that moment the sailor came in ,he looked at the table and said,“Mother, what have you done with the tea?”“I boiled it, as you said.”“And what have you done with the water?”“I poured it out, of course.”answered the mother.“Now you may throw away the leaves.”said the sailor.（ ）1. The mother_.A. boiled the tea and threw the leaves awayB. boiled the tea and poured the water outC. knew more about tea than othersD. enjoyed herself very much（ ）2. At the “tea party_.A. everybody enjoyed the brown tea leavesB. some of her friends enjoyed the brown tea leavesC. nobody enjoyed the brown tea leavesD. the old woman enjoyed the brown tea leaves（ ）3. The son asked his mother to throw away the leaves, because_.A. his mother had treated (招待)her friends with the wrong thingB. the tea his mother has made was too strongC. he didnt like his mothers friendsD. he himself didnt like the tea leaves（ ）4. Where does