反身代词的强调用法及翻译.doc

反身代词的强调用法及翻译 反身代词一般可用作宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语，有时也可用作主语。在这些一般情况下，反身代词多可译为“本人”、“本身”或“自己”。例如：He thinks more of others than of himself他想到别人的比想到自己的更多一些。The poor boy was myself那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。Motion itself is contradiction运动本身就是矛盾。We had better ask the president himself我们最好问校长本人。He offered to coach us himself他提出要亲自给我们辅导。但是，反身代词在下述几种情况下有特殊的强调含义，不可笼统地套用上面的一般翻译规则，否则将会造成误解。1反身代词作宾语，用在主语谓语宾语宾补结构中，有时表示某一动作所引起的后果。例如：He talked himself hoarse他一直讲到声音嘶哑。They quarrelled themselves red in the face他们争吵得面红耳赤。2反身代词作宾语，用在由find，hear，catch等动词构成的主语谓语宾语宾补结构中，有时表示主语所处的某种不自觉状态。例如：Mr Joyce found himself thinking乔伊斯先生不知不觉地沉思起来。He heard himself apologizing to her他不自觉地向她道起歉来。She caught herself making the same grammatical mistake她突然发现自己犯了同样的语法错误。3反身代词作宾语，用在see宾语宾补的结构中，往往表示一种想象或仿佛看到的情景。例如：She saw herself in Beijing她想象自己住在北京的情景。I cant see myself allowing people to cheat me我无法想象会让别人骗我。4反身代词用在某些固定的动词短语搭配中有其特定的意义，所以不可妄断词义。例如：You must pull yourself together你必须振作起来。He has really put himself out他确实已经尽力了。She lost her temper，but soon came to herself她大发脾气，但很快又克制了自己。Please help yourself to some fish请吃点儿鱼。5反身代词用在某些成语中，往往表示转义或隐喻的含义。例如：She should have kicked herself for commiting such a mistake犯了这样的错误，她确实应该严厉自责。He could have hugged himself for joy at his success他很可能会为自己的成功而沾沾自喜。Dont make a pig of yourself不要狼吞虎咽。6作介词补足成分的反身代词在一定的搭配中，可以产生特殊意义。例如：（1）by oneself：独自、自动、单干。例如：Dont you feel lonely living all by yourself？你一个人在这儿住不觉得寂寞吗？This is a machine that works by itself这是一部自动化的机器。I can do it by myself我可以自己来干。（2） of oneself：自动地、自然而然地。例如：The enemy will not perish of himself敌人是不会自行消亡的。（3）for oneself：为（替）自己；亲自地、独自。例如She felt sorry for herself她为自己感到难过。If you dont believe me，you may go and see for yourself你如果不相信我，可以亲自去看看。One cant do such a thing for oneself这样的事情，独自一个人是做不起来的。（4）in oneself：本性、本身。例如：This is not a bad idea in itself这主意本身并不错。They were good men in themselves他们本性都是好的。（5）to oneself：独占、独有。例如：How I wish to have a room to myself多么希望能独自拥有一间房子。（6）beside oneself：精神失常、发狂。例如：He was beside himself with joy他欣喜若狂。（7）above oneself：自高自大。例如：Hes a bit above himself now他现在有点自视过高。7反身代词作主补通常表示身体状况。例如：Sh