动名词做主语终稿.doc

动名词做主语和宾语The -ing form as the Subject and Object 课型：新授课（语法）学习目标】1.认知目标： 了解动词-ing形式做主语和宾语在具体语境中的应用。 2.能力目标： （1）运用归纳或演绎等方法分析动词-ing形式做主语和宾语的用法。 （2）学会在具体语境中使用动词-ing形式做主语和宾语。 【学习重点】 （1）动词-ing形式做主语 （2）动词-ing形式做宾语【学习难点】 （1）动词-ing形式做主语的句型结构 （2）动词-ing形式做宾语的六种情况及其变形【学法指导】 运用归纳、演绎等方法分析主谓一致的用法。通过对学、群学、小组讨论合作等形式分析和解决问题。通过小组学习竞赛、积分，提高学习趣味性。I 自主学习 Lead-in 语法导入 动词的 -ing 形式可分为动名词和现在分词两类。作为动名词，它有名词的基本性质，因此动名词可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语，宾语补足语和定语。本单元学习动名词做主语和宾语。 1.动名词做主语 （动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时，谓语动词用单数形式） 动名词做主语有三种形式： 动名词在句首直接做主语 It 在句首做形式主语，而动名词短语在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语 There be + no + 动名词1） 形式一 动名词在句首直接做主语。1._ (sing) is his hobby.唱歌是他的爱好。2._ (play) computer games is a wate of time.玩电子游戏是浪费时间。3._ (drive) fast is dangerous.驾驶超速很危险。【归纳总结】动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数It 在句首做形式主语，而动名词在后面做真正的逻辑上的主语。It is no use _(wait ) here在这儿等是没用it is worth/worthwhile_(see) the movie.【小试牛刀】用下划线画出下面句子的形式主语和真正的主语 It was a waste of time reading that book. It is dangerous standing in the middle of the street.Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her?3）There be + no + 动名词。 There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很难说。 There is no (joke) about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 2.动名词做宾语 动名词做宾语的六种情形：作及物动词宾语 it 作形式宾语，代替动名词作 作动词词组的宾语 介词的宾语既可接doing 又可接to do 的动词，但意义不同 常接动名词的动词或动词短语作及物动词宾语。Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗？ The girl practises playing violin every evening. 那个姑娘每晚练习拉小提琴。作介词宾语。Since then, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. He always thinks much before doing anything. 他做任何事之前总是考虑很多。it 作形式宾语，代替动名词。 I found it pleasant walking along the river after supper. Do you consider it necessary trying again? We look forward to (study )in university.接doing的动词: want, wish, hope, ask, help, refuse, learn, demand, choose, decide, plan, manage, pretend, afford . 常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:考虑建议盼原谅，consider, suggest / advise ,look forward to ,excuse ,pardon 承认推迟没得想，admit, delay / put off , fancy避免错过继续练，avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practise否认完成停能赏，deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate不禁介意准逃亡，cant help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape不准冒险凭想象。forbid , risk , imagine注： need, require, want作“需要”解时, 后接动词-ing形式作宾语, 主动形式表示被动意义, 相当于to be done。The radio needs / requires / wants _（repair）.5）接doing 又可接to do 的动词: A 意义基本一样，如like, love, hate, begin, start, prefer, attempt B 意义明显不一样，如remember, forget, regret, mean, stop, try, want, needI forget to take the medicine. 我忘记吃那个药。 I forget taking the medicine. 我忘记把那个药吃了。 They stopped to talk. 他们停下来开始讲话。They stopped talking.他们停止讲话。既跟动词ing又接不定式作宾语的动词歌诀:双方一旦开始，不论喜欢与否，都得继续下去。不管记住与否，努力打算停止，后悔三个需要。begin, start, like, prefer, hate, dislike, continue.remember, forget, try, mean, stop, regret, want, need, require 6）常接动名词的动词或动词短语A. 此类动词有：admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest.如：Were considering paying a visit to the Science Museum. It can avoid damaging the environment or peoples health.3.当堂检测Lets have a competion1._(collect)stamps is his hobby. 集邮是他的业余爱好。 2.It was a waste of time _(read)that book. 读那本书是浪费时间。3.Is it worthwhile _ (quarrel) with her? 和她吵架值得吗？4.There was no _(know) what he could do. 他能做什么很难说。5.Would you mind_ (open) the window? 你介意打开窗户吗？6.The girl practices _ (play) violin every evening. 那个姑娘每晚练习拉小提琴。 7.Since then, he has devoted his life to _（find) ways to grow more and more rice. 一直以来他都在致力于寻找生产更多水稻的发法。 8. I found it pleasant _(walk) along the river after supper.我发现饭后在河边散步是及其美妙的。9.We look forward to_(study ) in university.我们盼望在大学里面学习。4.勤动脑，齐归纳形式构成： v+ing意义及功能：1.动名词做主语 （动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时，谓语动词用单数形式）动名词做主语有三种形式： 动名词在句首直接做主语 It 在句首做形式主语，动名词短语在后面做真正的主语 There be + no + 动名词2.动名词做宾语的六种情形：作及物动词宾语 it 作形式宾语，代替动名词作真正的宾语 作动词词组的宾语 介词的宾语既可接doing 又可接to do 的动词，但意义不同 常接动名词的动词或动词短语5.课后练习根据括号内的汉语提示, 完成下列句子。1). _ ( read)in the library is a bad habit. 在图书馆大声阅读是一种不好的习惯2). Its no use _ (talk). 像这样谈话是徒劳无用的。3). In my mind, _ _ (attend ) will be the only way to become a world-class writer. 在我看来，进入那所