雅思经典词汇以及替换词.doc

I.经典单词A. 动词l Reassure(安慰/消除疑虑/使恢复信心/使安心)l Witnessl Stagnatel Outwitl Bewarel Dabble l Outnumberl Revitalize（复苏，振兴）l Intrigue 引起的兴趣l Unfoldl Adorn 装饰、佩戴l Marvel （vi or vt）=astonish 对感到惊奇l Fulfill 履行，实现/满足l Appreciate (体会)l Trigger （引发）l Cherishl Intertwine l Expire l Abstain 有意回避/弃权（投票） from 戒除l Be prone to=be inclined to=tend to 倾向于(have a favorable attitude towards )l Reckonl Serve(the purpose)=do good to l Encounter l Endeavor=try hard to l obliteratel Incurl Prosecutel Pose (a problem /question) 造成（问题）/提出疑问l Placein （someone in a difficult position/plight） (将某人)置于(困难的境地)/寄希望于 Place=put 放 l Attain 达到（目的，标准）- achieve 实现l Contribute to=lead to = cause = bring about 促成，造成l Entail 客观上需要（代替need）l Abound (happiness abounds in hard work)l Disseminate （传播，弘扬知识，文化，精神等）l Deteriorate 恶化l Represent=mean 意味着l undergo=experience 经历l Uphold=in favor of=endorse=support 支持l Barrier=impede=hinder 阻碍l Tailor=cater for (ones taste/need) 调整使适应l Cater(满足需要或欲望；提供饮食)l Prevaill jeopardizel Seize 抓住(机遇)l Seek for 寻求（发展）l Orient to使明确位置，使熟悉某物，正确的判断,约等于acquaint with（products to the needs of market）l Motivatel Nourish 怀有情绪并增长（hope, dream, notion, idea） nourish the dream of having an entirely tidy worldl Mushroom/burgeon 猛增l Conceive 设想/认为l Hype （n & v, 大肆宣传）l Envisage1.展望future, circumstance2.设想=conceive3.面对，约等于face withchallenge, dilemmal Contaminatel Exemplify 1. 举例说明(To exemplify what I mean, lets put a slant on) 2. 是的典型，约等于epitomizel Favorl Epitomize 集中体现，成为（某事物）的缩影 the popular conception of life in the publicl Disregard 漠视l Beautify=embellishl Avail 有益于/有助于(1. avail oneself of something 利用某物oneself of every opportunity to enrich your scope of knowledge./ Money will not avail you after you are dead.)l Bolster(支持ism/theory,支撑局面等，鼓励) the booming picture, l Adhere to 遵守(adhere 还有粘附的意思)l Facilitate=hasten加快,促进work/process Facilitate=make it convenient 使便利l Bump intol yieldl Define/determine 界定 Economic factors determine the progress which a society can make.l Spice 使增添乐趣l Specialize 专门从事，专攻l Enrichl Imitatel Espouse 拥护（事业，信仰，生活方式）l Brainstorml Prioritize 优先考虑/理出优先顺序l Propound=propose （doing something）l Perceive 察觉，把理解成l Endow 赋予l Reiteratel Integratel Unload （burden）l Treasure (opportunity)l Lie in 基于在的情况l Evokememory, feeling, imaginationl Overemphasizel Cry for 迫切需要l Amelioratel Eye 着眼于l Consistently maintain 坚持主张l Concede 不情愿的承认l Discount 不考虑/不全信l Discredit 使怀疑/败坏的名声/使不相信l Contemplate/mull 仔细考虑l minimizemaximizel ensue 继而发生l envisionB.名词l Aspirationl Assertion (There is a few data to back up this .)l Inspirationl Whereaboutsl Replica l Ascendancy (have/gain the ascendancy over 获得压倒性优势)l Outcomel Plea 请愿/托词l Initiative 首创性/主动性（注意是名词）l Priorityl Privilegel touchl thoughtl Mechanism 机制l Hierarchy 层次，阶层learning , social, a sense of(层次观念)， l Cohesionl Status symboll Endeavor l Insight/perception l Edificationl Ingredient/building blockl Grip 控制力/紧握/控制作动词时：吸引/紧握l Milestonel Cornerstonel Triumph 代替achievementl Landmark 标志性建筑/里程碑l Misconductl Resilience 适应能力/应变能力/恢复力l recessionl Life expectancy/life span 平均寿命l Discretionl Millennium 千禧年，一千年 believe in the approach of the millennium of peace and happinessl Stereotype (conform to) 陈见，老一套的见解（的人），不好的旧习（racial, sexual）l Hospitalityl Recipe/knack 诀窍l Elitel Embryo 萌芽状态l Cradlel Corel Crunch time 关键时刻l Momentum 动力/势头l Groundl Specialty 招牌菜/专业l Commodity 代替product l Facadel Dilemma, 约等于hassle(困难的事，麻烦事/激烈的辩论)l Approach=gateway方法，途径l Consciousness=awarenessl Setback/frustration/discouragement 挫折 reverse 逆境l Well-beingl Trait 代替characterl Tableau 戏剧性的场面l Exhilarationl Delinquencyl Severity 艰苦的环境/严酷l Fabric 代替 structure(构造)l Apparatus(器械/组织,机构)l Prevalencel metropolisl Microcosm l Crossroadl Challenge l Prerequisite/necessityl Offspring，descendent 子女，后代l Commercializationl Disorientation 方向迷失l Cybercrime 网络犯罪l Upbringing/ cultivation/nurturel Refinement 优雅的举止（装置的改进）l Backbone(支柱)l Perill Deprivation （perils of deprivation）l mainstreaml Blueprint(蓝图)l Threshold 门槛，开始（喻）l LikelihoodThe likelihood that animals living in forests will become extinct is increased when the forest are cut down.C.形容词l Ongoing/progressive 不断前进的，正在进行中的（过程/工作）l Everlastingl Energetic 充满活力的，精力充沛的l Redundant因人员过剩而被解雇的,多余的 l Foolproof 万无一失的l Miraculousl Traumaticl Premierl Stubborn l Persuasive l Spontaneous天真率直的、自然的、无意识的l Extrovert l Tangiblel Feasible=available l Spacious l friendlierl Leftoverl Irreplaceable(historical significance) l Vigorous 有力的/精力充沛的l Venerable (因年岁、品格、有某种关联等)值得尊重的, 受敬佩的l Fruitful 多产的/富有成效的，成功的（形容物）l Formidable 可畏的/可观的l Foremost=most significantl Apt 适合/聪明(be apt to, 倾向于，易于)l Burning, pressing（dilemma）l Favorablel multilaterall Untimelyl Epochal 新纪元的l Pernicious 有害的l Permissive l Weary 厌倦的/不耐烦的/萎靡的/困乏的l Groundlessl Affectionate 充满热爱的，柔情的l Addictive 使上瘾的，上瘾的l Prompt-rapid-swiftl Tempting 诱人的l Time-honoredl Well-grounded l Unwholesome 不卫生的/有害身心健康的 （works, idea, performance）l Unadvised 轻率的l Volatile l pointlessl Uncompromisingl Rational理性的l Judicious=sensible 明智的l Prudent 有先见之明的l Prevalent, prevailingl Inexhaustible l Self-contemptuous 自卑的l Irresistiblel Preferential 优惠的l Palatable 可口的l Magnanimous 宽宏大量的l Money-oriented 向钱看的l Obscure 晦涩的l Inward 内在的l Irreparable 不可挽回的l Instructive 有教育意义的l Demanding 要求高的l Predominantl Tumultuous 无秩序的l Humane 人道的l Ingrain 根深蒂固的l Indigenous 土生土长的l Post-mortem 事后的l Profoundl Excessive, lavishl Unprecedentedl Pregnant /loaded1.意味深长的 a pregnant pause/reply negative 暧昧的否认 be pregnant with meaning 富有意义His words were followed by a pregnant pause.2.孕育 be pregnant with new ideas3.丰富，有创造力 pregnant years 丰年/an pregnant artist/seem pregnant with life 充满了活力l indispensable 不可或缺的（注意拼写）l Interdependent 相互依存的l Gear 使搭配、使适合（vt./vi.）l Forthcomingl Arduous 艰苦的l Cordiall snappyl Compassionatel Compatiblel Contributive 约等于 beneficiall Authoritative l Exotic 外来的/奇异的l Enthusiasticl Quite a 不寻常的l Exquisitel Needyl Cogent, potent（强有力的） 有说服力的l Elaboratel utilitarianl Sophisticatedl Given 特定的/规定的/假设的l superlativel Compulsory 义务的，必须做的l Comprehensive 全面的，综合的l Chronic malady/evil 长期的弊病l prospective预期的,未来的可能的l Equivalentl Inconceivable 难以想象的l Subjective-objectivel Spiritual-materiall Controversiall Grave (mistake, threaten)l Stressfulleisurely l Comfortable-laboriousl Subsequent l Expedient 权益之计的，应急有效的 约等于would betterD.介词：l Amid 用法同amongl Beneathl Via 替代 byE.副词/状语l Apacel Ground（v） on (grounded on=due to; somebody ground his opinion on facts)l afterwardsl Beforehandl Amazinglyl Hitherto 迄今为止l Take a serious toll on 付出巨大的代价（The flood has taken a toll on life）l Pave the way for 为。做好铺垫l On the horizon 几乎肯定会发生的l Vice versal Under wayl For fear of 以免l No yet so farl In term ofl In vain 徒然，无效l lead someone to (believe, realize) 使某人l each individual= everyonel in stark contrast to 与形成鲜明对比II.同义词替换A.动词解决：solve, resolve, deal with, cope with, handle, tackle, settle繁荣: flourish, thrive (vi, in or on), bloom超过：exceed, surpass, 消除：get rid of, eradicate, eliminate 依赖：rely on, depend on, count on损害：damage，hurt, danger, harm, impair, jeopardize给予：give, offer, render（呈递，提供advice）, impart, provide承认：acknowledge, admit, concede(不得不承认)承受：endure, bear, withstand(severe tests 经受严峻的考验)限制：restrain, restrict, confine, limit, 使可能：enable, make it possible, capacitate, 关系到：link to, in/with relation to, concerning拥有：in the possession of, hold, provided with(句首)， possess, own, take possession of监督： supervise, oversee, monitor,改进：improve, ameliorate(情况改善)，prove to be better than before面对：envisage，in the face(presence) of, confront, 发展：foster, cultivate, develop推动：propel, motivate, impel, impulse促进：boost, accelerate, facilitate, 推迟：postpone, put off, delay, defer, suspend迷惑：bewilder, perplex, baffle, puzzle了解：acquaint oneself with, find out, understand, comprehend, appreciate保护：conserve, preserve享受：enjoy, relish, 使享受,款待：regale, feast改变：change, alter, modify, convert into声称：allege, assert, declare, claim展现：upfold before ones eyes, emerge, reveal否认：negate, deny培养：cultivate(还可作陶冶思想/感情cultivate ones mind/manner, 作培养friendship), foster（促进）, bring up, nurture, 评价：appraise, asses, evaluate, assess归功于：attribute, ascribe, give the credit to, impute, accredit to,确保：assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge表达：express, voice, utter, pronounce一定会：be certain to, be bound to操作：manipulate, operate, handle显示：display, reveal, throw out, demonstrate, indicate不得不：have to, could not but, cant help but, not have a second choice but热衷于：be obsessed with, be keen on 对。负责任：be blame for, be to answer for, answerable递交：render, submit, hand in吸收：absorb, assimilate经历：experience, undergo, bear, withstand想要，倾向于：intend to, tend to, be inclined to, want to, be prone to奉献：devote to, dedicate to导致：leading to, contribute to, conduce to, result in有所保留的同意：agree partly, agree with reserve坚持：adhere to, stick to, insist on, persevere in, persist in丢弃：abandon, waive, discard使烦恼：be afflicted with(常用被动), perturb, agitate, disturb, bother 成为：prove to be, turn into, grow, become概括：generalize, summarize, epitomize,引起：arouse, bring about, cause, generate(还有产生的意思), 使恶化：deteriorate, aggravate, exacerbate避免：avoid, avert, shun, get around(随意走走/散播)分配：allocate, assign, distribute理解：comprehend, make out, apprehend(逮捕), understand转化：transform, convert提议，建议：propose, advise, suggest, propound, bring forward集合：assemble, concourse(汇集)，muster, gather吸收：absorb, assimilate, suck up, imbibe, 消化：digest, assimilate启发，开导：illuminate, enlighten, inspire, 增强：enhance, reinforce, amplify, boost up, strengthen 证实：confirm, verify, affirm, authenticate, demonstrate, testify克服：overcome, conquer, surmount使震惊：astound, stun, horrify授权：accredit, warrant, empower, authorize, grant利用：avail(oneself of), make use of, utilize, take advantage of(利用手段为自己服务)指责：censure, rebuke停止，终止：suspend, stop, cease, halt(可做名词，call a halt), call off预见：anticipate(先于行动), expect，foresee, predict支持：support, uphold, in favor of, stand by, bolster, endorse充满：be filled with, be full of, be loaded with, aboundB.名词优势：advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, 魅力：glamour, charm, fascination,竞争：competition, rivalry指导：guidance, instruction, indication方面：aspect, side, facet, respect, dimension缺陷：disadvantage, defect, drawback, shortcoming, downside, weakness部分：part, portion, segment(片段), share, section, 困境：hot potato, plight, jam，dilemma难题：a hard nut to crack, headache, puzzle价值：value, merit, at cost元素：ingredient, building block, factor威胁：menace, threaten, 小孩，少年：children, juvenile, the youth，adolescent(还可作形容词period青春期)， teenage, stripling 疾病：illness, ailment(慢性), malady(还有弊端的意思),infirmity(健康欠佳), sickness，disease准则：guideline, standard, norm, criterion, 评估，评价，鉴定：(favorable)appraisal, assessment, evaluation, estimation才能：aptitude（天资）约等于talent, capacity（能力）, gift, endowment, calibre傲慢，自我：ego, arrogance, hubris，pride财产：asset(优点，财富经验，人的重要), belongings(动产，财物)，estate(不动产)， possession(个人所有物)， property(资产，不动产)， wealth刺激，鼓励，动机：motive, incentive, stimulus眼界：horizon, scope, field of vision, 见识：insight, perception锻炼：fitness, workout, physical exercise/training盛宴：a grand banquet, feast不测事件：contingency, eventuality灾难：catastrophe, disaster, tragedy, calamity(不幸事件), suffering(苦难)，misfortune(不幸)名人：a man of mark, celebrity, personality, luminary(大师，杰出人物)原因：causation, account, cause, reason结果：aftermath(灾难的后果)，outcome, consequence, fruit, result, aftereffect(后果，副作用)C.形容词1.褒义词丰富的：abundant, copious, profuse, ample，plentiful有效用的：utilitarian(还有功利主义的意思), useful有潜力的：promising, potential安静的：tranquil, quiet, pacific（爱好和平的）成熟的：ripe, mature, full-fledged（完全有资格的）严格的：strict, rigorous, rigid, severe(形容人)富饶的：fertile, affluent, productive(多产的) plentiful小心的：cautious, careful, discreet, circumspect（考虑周到的）无懈可击的：airtight, unexceptionable, tenable(战斗)， invulnerable, unimpeachable(无可指摘的)适当的：appropriate, proper, advisable（可取的）, suitable, moderate灵活的：elastic(有弹性的), flexible, yielding（弯曲自如的）,有资格的：eligible，qualified，entitled， be justify in doing传统的：traditional, conventional, orthodox贬义词有害的：baneful, evil, harmful, detrimental，adverse尴尬的：awkward, embarrassed, be of pretty pass似是而非的：plausible, specious有争议的