工程硕士英语复习指南.ppt

工程硕士英语备考,Part 1 vocabulary (10*0.5),Section A Nouns 词义识别； 词义辨析；习惯用法 In the excitement of the rehearsal, the director forgot to give the actors a break for coffee. A. performance B.practice C. presentation d. play,Though the long-term _ cannot be predicted, the project has been approved by the government. A. efficiency B. effect C. effort D. effectiveness,The _ for the new city hall has been chosen. A. sight B. sigh C. site D. seat After the accident she suffered brain _ and couldnt speak. A. damage B. danger C. ruin D. wound,Her husband is interested in designing electronic for school children. A. management B. safety C. devices D. routine She loves chocolate so much that she can hardly resist its . A. mark B. brand C. variety D. temptation,2. In the future, more emphasis should be put on the education of the young. A. strength B. stimulation C.stress D. strive 3. The accepted criteria of adequate diet have been challenged by new discoveries in nutrition. A. conditions B. ingredients C. elements D. standards,Verbs 词义识别； 词义辨析; 不同含义 1. He advocates building more primary schools nearby. A.opposes B. object to C. hopes D. suggests 2. Correct grammar and sentence structure do not in themselves constitute good writing A. ensure B.compose C. achieve D. equal,3. While echoes of the song shivered in the air, I returned to my place in the line. A. shoved B. trembled C.were heard D. froze 4. The food in the freezer was consumed a few days ago. A.ate up B. frozen C. purchased D. finished,Adjectives and adverbs 1. Mr. Horse delivered a sharp, comprehensive report. His bosses were impressed. A. partial B. complete C. coherent D. radical 2.he is a good science teacher but he often gives tedious lectures. A. tireless B. tiresome C. lazy D. great 3. The theory of public opinion is usually regarded by the public as controversial A. practical B.disputable C.reasonable D. important,4. A series of boarder incidents inevitably led the two countries to war. A. regularly B. suddenly C. distinctly D. unavoidably 5. She walked to her room warily because she herd strange sounds in it. A.merrily B. curiously C. strikingly D. cautiously,Vocabulary,Section B 词义辨析；习惯用法 Pass by, (pass over) 不理会 漠视 Pass through 通过 穿过 Pass for 被认为是 Pass out 失去知觉 Pass over 略而不谈 不计较 Pass on 传给 Pass off 逐渐消失 掩饰,E.g. at first glance, such copies might_ the original, thanks to the high-tech printing technology. A. pass into B. pass on C. pass over D. pass for,Cut back on 减少 Cut down 削减 Cut in ( into) 插进来说 Cut off 切断 停掉 Cut out 删掉 Cut up 切碎,e.g. In this company, absenteeism and frequent work stoppage have greatly _ the efficiency of the firm operation. A. Cut off B.cut over C. cut up D. cut down,Take for 错以为 Take in 理解 欺骗 包括 Take on 接受 从事 Take over 接管 Take to 喜欢 养成爱好 Take up 占用 开始做 继续,E.g. The project was completed soon after we adopted new research methods. A. take for B. take in C. take up D. take on,Clean out 清除 耗尽钱财 Clean up彻底扫除 发财 Clear away 清除 消散 Clear up 收拾 整理 放晴,Come about 发生 产生 Come across 偶然碰到 Come over顺便来访 突然掠过 Come up with 赶上 提出 Come to涉及到 Come round 恢复知觉,live up to 符合 不辜负 Look down upon Measure up to 合格 达到要求 put up with 忍受 Stand up for 维持 为。说话 Stand up to 经受住 经得起 Take up with 开始与往来 对。感兴趣,At any rate At a loss At ease At large at length In chorus in contrast with In detail,Independent of Indicative of Indifferent to Attempt to In quantity In principle In conformity with,E.g. Without the friction between their feet and ground, people would _be able to walk. A. in no time B. by all means C. in no way D. on any account You are not supposed to take advantage of such a little girl by making her work for 50 cents an hour. A. exploit B. export C.expose D. use,_ the high rank and position he holds, Mr. Lam takes social leadership over almost every one else A. By virtue of B. In honor of C. At the mercy of D. A regards,give up,leave off, put off， amount to,attend to, be accustomed to, be,-ing,Give up, leave off, put off, amount to , attend to, be accustomed to, be used to ,be supposed to, devote to, look forward to, object to, resort to, submit to,Part three Reading Comprehension,阅读新题型命题特点与解题思路 要求：1）理解主旨要义 2）理解文中的具体信息3）理解文中概念性含义4）进行有关的判断、推理和引申 5）根据上下文推测生词的词义6）理解文章的总体结构以及单句之间、段落之间的关系；7）理解作者的意图、观点或态度8）区分论点和论据,1） 理解主旨要义: a. 首段开门见山指出中心或讨论的问题 b. 文章中间或段落中间给出中心 c. 文章末段或段落末句对全文或全段进行总结归纳，得出中心思想。,The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally III law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right to life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia - where an aging population, life extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part - other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right to die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling. From the second paragraph we learn that _ . A) the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countries B)physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasia C)changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty passage of the law.D)it takes time to realize the significance of the laws passage,二、 把握文章叙述模式 事物说明型：提出要说明的事物-说明事物的各个方面-指出该事物的影响-预测起发展趋势 事物比较型：提出要比较的事物-指出一事物的优缺点-指出另一事物的优缺点-平衡两事物或偏向一事物 事物评论型：提出某事物-指出其优点长处-指出起缺点短处。 阐述观点型：提出观点-阐述坚持其重要性-分析抛弃其危害性。 批驳观点型：提出要批驳的观点-介绍坚持这种观点的理由-批驳这种观点-提出自己的看法 问题解决型：提出问题或现象-分析造成的原因-分析产生的影响-提出解决的办法。,事实细节题命题规律 列举处常考 举例与打比方的地方常考 （指示）代词处常考 引用人物论断处常考 特殊标点符号处常考 事实细节题答题技巧 1.针对例子、名人名言、特殊符号（冒号、引号、破折号）的内容答题 2.抓住所考某段、句内容，立即答题 3.照抄或似乎照抄原文不是答案，同义替换是答案 ,4.意义具体、肤浅地表达字面意义的不是答案，概括的、抽象的是答案 5.选项内容与其他三项差别较大的,可能是答案 6.语气太绝对的一般不是答案 7.符合常识和一般规律,意义深刻的一般是答案 事实细节题干扰特点 1.与原文内容相反 2.与原文内容一半相同一半不同 3.与原句内容相似但过于绝对化 4.原文根本没提到,词义题,1. 根据同义、反义关系确定词义 阅读中，特别是要注意表示反意的信号词：in contrast， on the other hand， rather than， however， yet， although， while， unlike， but， whereas， as opposed to等，利用这些同义、反义关系，可以帮助我们确定词义。 例1：My sister Mane is an optimist， while her boyfriend is one who is always gloomy and expects the worst to happen.从while的转折关系可知optimist意思是“one who expects the best， 即”乐观的“。,2.利用逻辑推理和常识确定GCT考试英语词义 有时候，逻辑推理和自身的生活经验及普通常识能帮助我们确定词义。 例1：Fishes live in water and have fins which help them to swim. Most fishes have slimy skins covered with scales， but in fishes such as eels the scales are very small and can hardly be seen.凭常识我们不难猜出fins， slimy和scales的确切意思分别是“鳍”、“滑溜的”和“鳞”，对于eels一词，我们只需知道是fish的一种（鳝鱼类）就行了。,3. . 利用上下文确定词义 通过上下文来猜测词意是阅读考试中最常用的重要手段之一，联系上下文可以帮助我们理解句子，确定词义。下面我们通过一些实例来简要说明如何通过上下文来确定词义。 例1：He is successful as a businessman because of his dynamic personality. He seems to have unlimited energy.对于dynamic一词大家可能不熟悉，下文的He seems to have unlimited energy（他似乎有用不完的劲）就是对 dynamic词义的解释。这样，我们便知道该词意为“有干劲的”。 例2：Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.假定sociology是一个不认识的词，系动词be后面就给出了明确的定义。这样，我们便知道该词意思为“社会学”。,英语场景会话,Host: John,come and sit in the sofa. Dinner will be ready in a minute. Could I get you something to drink? Guest:_. a. No,don“t trouble.I“ve drunk enough b. No,you couldn“t.I“m not thirsty c. Yes,please.I“d like some Sprite d. Yes,you could.I“d like some Coca cola,Clerk: Good morning.Can I help you? Miss Chang:Yes,I“d like a one-way ticket to Manchester 8:15 tomorrow evening. Clerk: Fifteen pounds,please. Miss Chang:_. a. Here you are b. Here it is c. There is the payment d. Take the payment,please,Robert: What are you doing? Ellen: Trying to get this wine stain out of the carpet. Robert: Hang on.There“s some soda in here.It should take the stain right out. Ellen: Really?Hey,_. a. it really is functioning b. it really is working c. it really is playing d. it really is influencing,Alan: My schedule this afternoon is an absolute mess.Between 3:30 and 4:00 I“m supposed to be in four different places.There“s no way. Adam: I“ve done that before._? a. Anything I can help you b. Something I can help you c. Anything I can help you with d. Something I can help you with,Tom: I see in the paper they“re sending more equipment to space.And we might have to live there someday. John: _!I“m staying right here! a. Never I b. Not me c. No me d. None me,Cindy:_? Rebecca: No,what happened? Cindy: They let him go as he is suspected to be cheating. a. Did you know John b. Did you like John c. Did you hate John d. Did you hear about John,Salesman: Good morning.Planning to buy a new car today? Customer: _. Salesman: What kind of car are you looking for? Custome