钻井英语学习-每天一课.doc

2010.10.13常用缩略语表abbr(also abbrev) abbreviationAD anno domini 公元a.m. (US A.M.) before midday 上午Apr April 四月Aug August 八月 Ave Avenue 街BA Bachelor of Arts 文（科）学士BBC British Broadcasting Corporation 英国广播公司BC before Christ 公元前BSC Bachelor of Science 理（科）学士CD-ROM Compact-Disc Read-Only Memory 光盘只读存储器cf comprae 比较CIA (US) Central Intelligence Agency 中央情报局cl centilitre(s) 厘升cm centimetre(s) 厘米Co 1.company 公司; 2.county 郡，县Corp (US) corporation 公司cv curriculum vitae 简历Dec December 十二月 Dept department 部门Dip diploma 文凭Dr doctor 博士，医生EC European Community 欧洲共同体eg for example 例如esp especially 尤其etc et cetera; and so on, and other things of a similar kind 等等ext extemsion number of a telephone 电话分机号码F Fahrenheit 华氏FA (Brit) Football Association （英国）足球协会FBI (US) Federal Bureau of Investigation 联邦调查局fig figure,illustration 数字，图形FM frequency modulation 调频Fri Friday 星期五ft foot,feet 英尺g (also gr or gm) gram(s) 克gall gallon(s) 加仑GB Great Britain 大不列颠GMT Greenwich Mean Time 格林威治标准时ha hectare(s) 公顷hr (pl hrs) hours 小时Hz hertz 赫兹ID identification; identity 身份证明ie that is; in other words 换句话说，也就是IME International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织Inc (also inc) (US)Incorporated 股份有限的IQ intelligence quotient 智商ISBN International Standard Book Number 国际标准书号Jan January 一月Jul July 七月Jun June 六月kg kilogram(s) 千克KHz kilohertz 千赫（兹）Km kilometre(s) 千米，公里Kph kilometres per hour 每小时.公里kW (also kw) kilowatt(s) 千瓦Lieut (also Lt) Lieutenant 中尉Ltd (Brit) Limited （英国）有限的MA Master of Arts 文学硕士max maximum 最大Messrs Messieurs 先生MHZ megahertz 兆赫（兹）min 1.minumum 最小； 2.minute(s) 分钟ml millilitre(s) 毫升mm millimetre(s) 毫米Mon Monday 星期一MP (esp Brit) Member of Parliament 国会议员mpg miles per gallon 每加仑.公里mph miles per hour 每小时.公里MSC Master of Science 理学硕士mth (US mo) (pl mths,US mos) month 月份NATO (also Nato) North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织No (also no in US, symbol #) (pl Nos,nos) number 号Oct October 十月OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织，欧佩克oz. ounce(s) 盎司p (pl pp) page 页par (also para) paragraph 段PC (pl PCs) personal computer 个人计算机PhD Doctor of Philosophy 哲学博士pl (grammar) plural 复数p.m. (US P.M.) after midday 下午PO Post Office 邮局PR public relations 公共关系qt quart(s) 夸脱RAF (Brit) Royal Air Force (英国）皇家空军Rd road 大道ref reference 参照sen 1.Senator参议员； 2.(also Snr, Sr) Senior 年长的Sq square (measurement) 平方St 1.Saint 圣.; 2. street .街Sun Sunday 星期日t (US tn) ton(s) 吨TB tuberculosis 肺结核tel telephone (number) 电话（号码）Thur (also Thurs) Thursday 星期四TOEFL (US) Test of English as a Foreign Language 英语作为外语的考试，托福考试Tue (also Tues) Tuesday 星期二TV television (set) 电视（机）UFO (also ufo) unidentified flying object 不明飞行物UK United Kingdom (England,Scotland,Wales and Northern Ireland) 联合王国UN United Nations 联合国US United States (of America) 美国USA United States of America 美国，美利坚合众国USSR (until 1991) Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 苏联V volt(s) 伏特VCR video cassette recorder 录像机VIP (informal) very important person 非常重要的人物vol (pl vols) volume 卷W 1.watt(s) 瓦特； 2. west(ern) 西（部的）WC water closet 厕所，洗手间Wed Wednesday 星期三WP word processing; word processor 文字处理；文字处理机XL extra large (size) 特大yd (pl yds) yard 码yr (pl yrs) year 年第十七课 事故与打捞Accidents and Fishing一、问答对话1、什么是打捞？What is fishing?把井下的落鱼捞上来叫打捞。Attempts to get the fish out of the hole are referred to as fishing.2、什么叫落鱼?What is a fish?有时候钻井设备中的部件会掉在井内，掉在井内的部件被称为落鱼。Sometimes, items of drilling equipment get lost in the borehole. When an item of equipment is lost in the hole, its called a fish.例如：掉在井里的钻杆就叫落鱼。For example, the section of pipe that is lost in the hole is referred to as a fish.3、鲍勃，出了什么事？Whats up, Bob? (Anything wrong,Bob?)等会儿再说，快去叫彼得来，快点！Later, Now go and get Peter. Get a move on!4、鲍勃，我能干点啥？What can I do for you, Bob?井下有点缩径，泥浆怎么样？The holes getting tight. Hows the mud?泥浆没问题。The muds OK.5、迟到时间有多长？Whats bottoms up?大约一小时。About an hour.6、为什么打捞篮是空心的？Why is a junk basket hollow?为了能够装入金属碎块。So that it can hold the junk inside.7、为什么有许多种打捞工具？Why are there many types of fishing tools?因为有许多种落鱼。Because there are many types of fish.8、打捞矛有什么用处？What is a spear for?打捞矛用于捞套管或油管。A spear is for recovering lost casing and tubing.9、打捞篮有什么用处？Whats a junk basket for?打捞篮用于打捞小型金属落物。A junk basket is for latching on to smaller pieces of junk.10、打捞矛怎样抓获落井钻柱？How does a spear hold a lost piece of pipe?卡住管子的内壁。It grips the inner sides.11、怎么把井内落鱼捞上来的？How was the junk in the hole recovered?用打捞矛捞上来的。It was recovered by using a spear.12、他们在做什么？What are you doing?我们在整理打捞工具。We are getting fishing tools in order.13、你们打算怎么使用这些打捞工具？How are you going to use these fishing tools?我们将举办一个学习使用打捞工具的培训班。We will hold a training class for learning how to operate these fishing tools.14、我们今天需要把这些打捞工具配件送到机厂吗？Need we send these spare parts of fishing tools to the machine shop today?是的，因为我们后天要用。Yes, you must. Because we will use them the day after tomorrow.15、最近你们在干什么？What have you been doing lately?最近我们一直在等打捞工具。Recently we have been waiting on fishing tools.16、我可以把这些打捞工具放在那儿吗？May I put these fishing tools there?你不能把这些打捞工具放在那儿。You must not put these fishing tools there.17、他知道怎样使用这个打捞工具吗？Does he know how to use this fishing tool?他一定知道如何使用这个打捞工具。He must know how to use this fishing tool.18、前天你们是什么时候回来的？When did you come back the day before yesterday?我们一直到弄清了卡钻的原因后才回来。We did not come back until we had known all the reasons for sticking.19、下次我们将用什么打捞工具？What fishing tool shall we use next time?下次我们将用震击器和柔性短节。We shall use the jar and flex joint next time.20、请你量一下这个震击器好吗？Will you please measure this jar?好！OK!21、你用过这些震击器吗？Did you use these jars?这些震击器我们以前没用过。These jars were not used by us before.22、难道我们不应当给他一次机会再试一试吗？Oughtnt we to give him a chance to try again?你说得对，但时间不允许。Its right what you said, but the time is not enough.23、我们现在做什么？What are we doing now?现在要做的事是拉变一根钻杆。The right thing to do is to bent a drillpipe.24、你们防止井塌采用过什么办法？What method did you take to prevent caving?我们已采取了最好的办法来防止井塌。We have taken the best measures to prevent caving.25、你在想什么？What are you thinking about?我正在想的是应当采取某种措施来防止卡钻。What Im thinking about is that something should be done to prevent sticking.26、他们在谈什么？What are they talking about?他们在谈卡钻是怎样发生的。They are talking about how sticking happened.27、今天上午他们都谈了什么？What did they talk about this morning?断钻具是他们谈论的唯一事情。The string parted was the only thing they talked about.28、万一我们得不到所需要的减震器怎么办？If we should not get the necessary damper, what should we do?我们自己想办法。We should rely on ourselves.29、你知道怎样配制这种解卡剂吗？Do you know how to mix the pipe lax material?我们试过这种解卡剂，而且相当成功。We tried the pipe lax material, and quite successfully.30、这里有许多工具，你认为哪一件最有用？There are many tools here. Which one is the most useful, do you think?我认为卡瓦打捞筒最有用。The overshot is the most useful I think.二、参考句子1、请把铅印起出来！Please pull out of hole with impression block!2、请把卡瓦打捞筒接上，下钻！Please make up overshot and run in hole！3、现在等措施，请修理一下打捞工具！Now wait on orders, please repair fishing tools!4、那个工厂生产打捞工具。That factory makes fishing tools.5、请把小鼠洞周围固一下！Please cement around mouse hole!6、几个月以后，我们就要生产这种打捞工具了。In a few months our machine shop will be producing fishing tools of this kind.7、当他来到这儿的时候，我们已经解决了钻井中的各种困难。When he came here, we had coped with all kinds of difficulties in drilling operation.8、他们坚信，一定能胜利地克服钻深井的各种困难。They were sure they would succeed in overcoming the difficulties of drilling the deep well.9、前天他们告诉我，他们将大量生产这样的震击器。The day before yesterday they told us that they would produce such jars in great quantities.10、他们坚信，他们能起出全部落鱼。They were sure they would pull out of hole with all the fish.11、陈先生将和你谈一下打捞的事。Mr Chen is going to talk with you about fishing.12、那个时候我就说过， 我们能打成这口井。At that time I said that we should succeed to drill this well.13、在这个地区打井，卡钻一直是个复杂问题。Sticking pipe has been being a complicated problem in drilling this area.14、只有这种办法才能解决这些技术问题。Only this way can solve these technical problems.15、我们也要造这种安全接头。We will make this kind of safety sub too.16、他愿意把卡钻的情况告诉我们。He would tell us the information of sticking.17、他们能解决所有的问题。They were able to solve all the problems.18、我们必须参加这项工作。We have to take part in this work.19、下一步你们必须改变计划!You will have to change the schedule next time!20、你必须立刻到井上去!You must go to the drillsite at once!21、你下次应当小心点！You should be more careful next time!22、不许再这样做!This must not be done again!23、能找到更多的打捞方法吗？Can more measures be found for fishing?24、这种卡瓦打捞筒是他设计的。This kind of overshot is designed by him.25、现在这里采取了各种措施来防止卡钻。Now all kinds of measures are taken to prevent sticking here.26、没用过新方法防塌。No new measures were taken to prevent caving.27、要采取更多的措施来防漏。More measures will be taken to prevent loss of circulation.28、那种卡瓦现在不再生产了。That kind of slips is not being made now.29、他们的做法是使用一个卡瓦打捞筒和一根震击器去打捞落鱼。Their practice is to use one overshot and one jar for fishing.30、在这个地区打井将是一个绝妙的经历。To drill in this area will be a wonderful experience.31、他们今天要做的唯一工作就是起钻。The only work for them to do today is to pull out of hole.32、已经采取了新的措施来防止井塌。New measures have been taken to prevent caving.33、我们已经开始使用一种新方法打水泥塞。We have begun using a new method to drill cement plug.34、那个工厂已经停止生产这种震击器了。That factory has stopped producing this kind of jar.35、他们喜欢使用这种打捞工具。They like using thid kind of fishing tools.36、你们应当坚持设法找出防止钻具被卡的新方法。You must keep trying to find a new way to protect the drill string from sticking.37、他们还需要一些打捞工具。They need some more fishing tools.38、这位工程师有设计打捞工具的丰富经验。This engineer has a lot of experience in designing fishing tools.39、通过互相帮助， 我们已经解决了许多问题。Through helping each other we have resolved a lot of problems.40、应该使用什么工具也要包括在计划中。What tools should be used must also be included in the plan.41、这口井能否成功现在还很难说。Whether this well will succeed or not is hard to say now.42、我们的希望是这口井能尽快打完。Our hope is that the well can be completed as quickly as possible.43、落鱼真的被起出来了。Its true that the fish has been pulled out of hole.44、这个意见是否完全对，并没得到证明。It has not been proved whether this opinion is right at all.45、采取措施来防止井漏是十分重要的。Its important that measures should be taken to prevent loss of circulation.46、卡瓦打捞筒和震击器是我们所要用的。The overshot and jars are what we need to use.47、我相信你们会成功。I believe that you will succeed.48、断了的钻杆被找到了。The drill pipe that was broken has been found.49、哪一位是你要找的打捞工程师？Which is the fishing engineer whom you wish to see?50、在管子站有我们需要的所有打捞工具。In the pipe yard there are all fishing tools that we requir.51、你记得发生卡钻的那个班吗？Do you remember the tour when the sticking took place?52、这是我们必须记住的原因之一。This is one of the reasons we must keep in mind.53、还有另一个你应当考虑的办法。There is another way you should think about.54、他们认为的卡钻原因不完全正确。The reason they think about sticking is not quite sticking.55、这是我们现在用来防卡的措施。This is the measure we are now using to prevent sticking.56、由于我们现在有了震击器，我们就能够解决键槽卡钻了。Since we have jars, we are able to solve key-seating sticking now.57、卡瓦打捞筒配件通常都涂润滑油，以防生锈。Overshot parts are usually covered with grease lest they should rust.58、我们去年买的就是这个键槽清除器。It was this key seat wiper that we bought last year.59、我们确信这是防卡的最好办法。We do believe that this is the best way possible to prevent sticking.60、这项施工涉及到许多必须首先解决的复杂问题。In this operation are involved a number of complicated problems which should be solved first.61、如果我们知道这个方法，早就采用了。Had we known about the method, we should have applied it earlier.62、虽然处境困难，但是钻井工程师们还是决定把这口井打完。Although under very difficult condition the drilling engineers were determined to drill this well through to the end.63、他似乎没有把卡钻问题放在心上。He does not seem to have the sticking problem in mind.64、机厂正在为我们加工一个弯接头。The machine shop is making a bent sub for us.65、我们想他不会用另一个弯接头。We take it that he does not use another bent sub.66、你必须了解关于卡钻这个问题。You must have to get a grip of the problem about sticking.67、我们必须把这根钻杆截短。We must have this drill pipe shortened.68、刹带不受控制，脱了出去。The brake band took charge and ran out.69、要是你去过管子站或机厂，你可能见到过这样的打捞工具。If you had been to the pipe yard or machine shop, you might have seen such fishing tools.70、我们必须把这些现象弄清楚。We must make the phenomena clear.71、司钻停下来校正鱼头位置。The driller stopped to check the location of the fishing head.72、泵的安全阀失灵了。The safety valve of the pump failed to work.73、落在井内的部件也叫做井底脏物。A lost item in the hole is also called junk.74、在井底脏物或落鱼未清除之前，就不能继续钻进。Drilling can not continue until the fish or the junk is recovered from the hole.75、为捞出小落物，必须进行打捞作业。To recover the lost item, a fishing job is necessary.76、为捞获落鱼，并从井内弄出来，就需要专用打捞工具。Special fishing tools are used for latc