汉译英翻译攻略.doc

漢譯英翻譯攻略虛擬語氣：考查重點主要是建議句型，對過去的虛擬以及含蓄條件句建議句型1. sb. suggest that sb.(should)do sth (替換成，advise, command, desire, demand, insist, order, prefer, propose, recommend, regust, require等)注意：一般題目中考查的是that後面的句子，要注意虛擬語氣。eg: The professor required that we hand in our research reports by Wednesday. 那個教授要求我們星期三交研究報告。2. It is adj. that sb.（should）do sth. (adj.主要有crucial, essential, important, urgent, vital)eg: It was essential that we sign the contract before the end of the month. 我們在月底前簽訂合同。對過去的虛擬If sb. had done sth., sb. would /should have done sth.eg: The victim would have a chance to survive if he had been taken to hospital in time. 那個受害者如果被及時送到醫院，本來會有機會活下來的。eg: If you had followed my advice, you would not have been yourself in trouble. 如果你聽從了我的忠告，你就不會陷入麻煩。含蓄條件句 有時假設的情況并不以條件從句的形式表現出來，而是通過某個介詞或介詞短語（如:but for, in case of, otherwise, without）,上下文或其他方式表現出來。eg: But for mobile phones, our communication would not have been so efficient and conwenient. 如果沒有手機，我們的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便。倒裝結構 倒裝結構考的最多的就是否定前置引起的倒裝。此外，只考過一次only在句首引起的倒裝。否定前置 句首為含肯定意味的詞語時，如few, little, never, not, scarcely, seldom,全句需要部分倒裝，助動詞提前，其中當not onlybut also, no soonerthan, hardlywhen等連接兩個分句時，含有否定詞的第一個分句部份倒裝。注意：not only在句首時，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。eg: Not only did he charge me too much, but he didnt do a good repair job either. 他不但向我收費過高，而且他不能很好的做好他的工作。 Not until he had finished the mission did he realize that he was seriously ill. 直到他完成使命，他才記起他病得很嚴重。Only在句首 Only位於句首并後跟狀語時，全句部份倒裝，助動詞提前。eg: Only in the small town does he feel secure and relaxed. 只有呆在小鎮，他才感到安全和放鬆。 由only引導的從句位於