《BOE体系架构》doc版.doc

BusinessObjects Enterprise server architecture consists of web, management, processing, and storage services. Understanding this architecture will help you visualize how actions performed in client applications are processed by the services.In this lesson, you will learn about: understanding Business Intelligence the BusinessObjects Enterprise architecture information process flows in BusinessObjects EnterpriseBOE服务体系架构包括WEB管理，过程处理，存储服务等，理解这些体系架构将帮助你更形象的描述客户端应用的活动是如何被服务器所执行的。本节，你将学到：1 理解BI2 BOE体系架构3 BOE信息处理流程BusinessObjects Enterprise brings together features from across the Business Objects product line to meet the diverse needs of users, from presentation-quality reporting to in-depth data analysis.After completing this unit, you will be able to: define the core concepts of Business Intelligence illustrate how a BusinessObjects Enterprise solution addresses the Business Intelligence product spectrumBOE按照用户需求部署，贯穿整个BOE产品线带来了整合功能，从质量简单报表等到深度数据分析。完成本单元，你将可以：1. 定义BI的核心概念2. 解释BOE解决方案，利用商务智能产品1.理解BI By understanding Business Intelligence (BI), you will better comprehend how a BusinessObjects Enterprise solution addresses the Business Intelligence product spectrum.Gartner defines Business IntelligenceGartner Inc., a research and advisory firm that helps clients leverage technology, coined the term Business Intelligence in the late 1980s. Business Intelligence, as defined by Gartner, is an iterative user-centered process that includes accessing and exploring information, analyzing this information, and developing insights and understanding, which leads to improved and informed decision making.通过理解BI，你将更好领会BOE解决方案定位BI产品线的戈登定义BI戈登公司，一个致力于研究和咨询公司帮助用户平衡技术，在1980年杜撰了BI,BI,被戈登定义，是一个交互用户中心过程，包括用户访问和发布用于分析，发挥洞察力和理解力，引导提高企业决策能力。Business Intelligence usage crosses the spectrum of users, both internally and externally throughout any enterprise, and includes rank and file workers, executives, analysts, and knowledge workers.Examples of internal and external BI applications include: generating a class list for a training session creating an employee performance review scheduling in a health care setting manufacturing computer partsBI的应用贯穿了企业的所有用户（内部和外部）包括文件处理，执行者，分析者和只是管理者。内部或外部应用包括以下实例：1. 产生一个培训课程清单2. 建立员工绩效浏览3. 计划运行一个健壮的案例设置4. 生产一个电脑配件Business Intelligence can help organizations to: increase sales deepen customer relationships build better products provide better services streamline operations reduce costs make better decisionsBusiness Intelligence provides insights that enable business managers to make tactical decisions, as well as to establish, modify, or tune business strategies and processes in order to gain competitive advantage and improve business operations and profitability.BI可以帮助组织1. 提高销售收入2. 深化客户关系3. 生产好的产品4. 提高好的服务5. 流水化作业6. 降低成本7. 作出更好的决策BI提供的洞察力，作出正确的决定，就像建立，编辑，平滑商务战略和过程，达到提高竞争力优势和改进业务操作和可适应性BI相关的活动和技术组成BI is made up of related activities and technologies. Business Objects products, with BusinessObjects Enterprise as the infrastructure, address the full spectrum of BI activities. Business Objects has separated these activities into categories as they pertain to the Business Objects product suite.The categories are: Reporting Query and Analysis Performance Management Business Intelligence Platform Data IntegrationReporting: Crystal Reports, Crystal Reports ExplorerReporting is the process of accessing data, formatting it, and delivering it as information inside and outside the organization. It serves as the foundation of a broader Business Intelligence strategy by providing the most-requested pieces of information reliably and securely via the web or by being embedded in enterprise applications.Query and Analysis: Web Intelligence, OLAP Intelligence, Desktop IntelligenceQuery and Analysis products let analysts and power users explore and interact with data from both relational and OLAP data sources. Users can navigate and analyze data to uncover root causes and identify trends. They can create their own queries from scratch without having to understand complex database schemas or SQL, and easily add calculations to deliver more insight from the data. They can share that information with others across your enterprise and beyond.Performance Management: Dashboard Manager, Performance Manager and Performance Management ApplicationsPerformance management provides an integrated framework for building and deploying metric driven Business Intelligence solutions. Stakeholders can view their business via a dashboard containing alerts, scorecards, analytics, and reports. Users can monitor key business metrics, analyze performance issues, and set goals to get their operations back on track. Performance Management Analytics let you easily implement and customize prepackaged analytics and use a data warehouse to manage disparate data sources.Business Intelligence Platform: Business View Manager, Universe Designer, Live Office, BusinessObjects EnterpriseProvides a common IT Administrator platform to support all of your Business Intelligence tools and applications. It is open, scalable, and tightly integrated.Data Integration: Data IntegratorData integration products from Business Objects allow you to access, integrate, transform, and deliver enterprise data from any source for reporting, query and analysis, and performance management.BO产品中的BOE类似基础平台，对应了BI的体系架构，BO将BI分成多个信息：报表，查询和分析，绩效管理，BI平台，DI.报表：crystal Reports，Crystal Explore查询分析：WEBI, OLAP INTELLEGY,DESKTOP INTELLEGE绩效管理：仪表盘管理，绩效管理，PMA(绩效管理应用)BI平台：业务视图管理，语义层设计，live office，BOEBOE体系架构A full deployment of BusinessObjects Enterprise is made up of client applications, BusinessObjects Enterprise services, and the organizations relational and/or OLAP data sources. This unit discusses the individual roles of the BusinessObjects Enterprise components and how they interact with each other and with organizational data sources.After completing this unit, you will be able to: describe the BusinessObjects Enterprise client applications by role describe the BusinessObjects Enterprise service groups and servers一个完整的BOE部署由：客户端应用，BOE服务，组织关系，OLAP数据源。本单元讨论BOE独立的组件角色和他们如何相互交互，与组织、数据源，客户端应用等完成本单元，你将可以：1. 描述BOE客户端应用角色2. 描述BOE服务组和服务BusinessObjects Enterprise includes and/or interacts with most Business Objects client tools. Depending on the job role, different client tools are used. Listed here is each potential job role accompanied by a list of client tools which someone performing that role could potentially use. Some tools may be used differently by different roles.以上就不再翻译了。BOE服务组和服务The BusinessObjects Enterprise system can be installed on a single machine, spread across different machines in an intranet, or separated over a wide area network (WAN).The service groups indicated above are logical groupings meant to facilitate learning in this course by grouping servers together that share similar operating behavior. In reality, BusinessObjects Enterprise web services must interact with management and processing services, storage services must interact with management and processing services, and so forth.For information on supported environments for BusinessObjects Enterprise installations, see the platforms.txt file. You can find this document on the Business Objects support Web site: . 以上在此不再翻译Enterprise InfrastructureThe Enterprise Infrastructure provides the basic messaging mechanism needed for BusinessObjects Enterprise components to communicate with one another. The Enterprise Infrastructure is a series of services that are designed to communicate via CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture), which runs over TCP/IP.Some CORBA applications use a Name server. The Name server service is a facility of the underlying CORBA architecture that binds the BusinessObjects Enterprise servers together. The Name server provides a directory of the servers registered in the BusinessObjects Enterprise environment and helps establish connections between clients and these servers. The Name server service is a part of the Central Management Server.The Enterprise Infrastructure establishes connections between clients and servers: It is the centerpiece of BusinessObjects Enterprise technology allowing the communication to happen between servers. A client object can transparently make requests to server objects using the Enterprise Infrastructure. A server object is a server that participates in serving requests to client objects. A client object is a client that makes requests to servers on the Enterprise Infrastructure.When a BusinessObjects Enterprise server starts, it registers itself with the Name server in the CMS. The server provides information about itself, such as its IP address, TCP port, and description of the server, to the Name Shell.Each individual server polls the CMS every 60 seconds to get an updated list of available servers in the system.In the BusinessObjects Enterprise environment, most servers act as clients and servers to each other during transactions between the servers.企业提供的基础信息原理需要BOE组件进行相互传递，企业基础架构是设计的通过CORBA(普通对象需求分散体系)在TCP/IP上的一些列服务。一些CORBA应用使用命名服务，命名服务是对绑定了BOE服务的CORBA体系下的一个促进，命名服务提供了一个目录（服务目录）注册在BOE环境下，协助建立客户端和服务器之间的连接。命名服务器是CMS的一部分。企业基础架构建立客户端与服务端之间的连接：1. 它是BOE技术的核心。允许在各个服务器之间进行通讯2. 客户端对象可以用企业基础架构将需求传递给服务器对象3. 一个服务器对象作为一个服务参与到对客户对象的服务请求中。4. 一个客户对象是一个客户端，在企业基础架构上产生请求给服务器。注：在BOE环境中，许多服务器在传送过程中，同时作为客户端和服务器端当BOE服务启动时，它将自身作为命名服务注册在CMS中，服务器提供了诸如IP,TCP端口和服务器描述到名称中，每个独立的服务器没60秒轮询一次CMS，获取最新的有效服务器列表信息。BusinessObjects Enterprise web servicesThe web services are server-side components that process requests from client applications and communicate these requests to the appropriate server. They include support for report viewing, and logic to understand and direct web requests to the appropriate BusinessObjects Enterprise server.BusinessObjects Enterprise web services include: Web Application ServerThe Web Application Server uses the BusinessObjects Enterprise SDK (Java or .NET) to interface with the rest of the BusinessObjects Enterprise services. It is responsible for processing requests from the browser, sending Crystal Server Pages (.CSP) and Crystal Web Request (.CWR) requests to the Web Component Adapter, and formatting pages to be returned to the web client. The Web Application Server acts as a gateway between the browser and the rest of the components in BusinessObjects Enterprise. Web Component Adapter (WCA)The WCA runs within the application server and provides backward compatibility for applications developed using Crystal Server Pages (.CSP) and Crystal Web Request (.CWR) requests. The WCA also handles OLAP Intelligence view requests and provides support for proprietary Crystal Reports ActiveX and Java viewer requests.WCS and CSP will be deprecated.The Web Component Server (WCS) and Crystal Server Pages (CSP), part of Crystal Enterprise, are no longer supported under BusinessObjects Enterprise architecture. However, the Crystal Software Development Kit (SDK) will still work with non-proprietary Web Application Servers.When configuring servers using the Central Management Console, the Web Application Server communicates with all BusinessObjects Enterprise servers.BOE WEB 服务WEB服务器是一个服务端组件，它的职责是处理客户应用的请求，以及与合适的服务器之间的通讯，包括支持报表浏览，逻辑理解和直接的WEB请求到合适的BOE服务器注：WCS和CSP将被取消，但是Crystall SDK仍工作在无属性的WEB应用服务器上。BOE WEB服务包括：WEB应用服务器WEB应用服务器使用SDK（java或.NET）和其他服务交互，它的职责是处理浏览器的请求，发送CSP和CWR请求给WEB组件适配器（WCA），格式化页面返回给WEB客户，它就像一个网关为浏览器与客户服务。WCAWCA运行在WAS内部，使用CSP和cwr为应用开发提供兼容性支持。WCA还处理OLAP查看请求：为CRYSTALL ACTIVEX和Java查看请求提供支持。注意：当配置服务器时（使用CMC）,WAS与所有的服务器通讯。BusinessObjects Enterprise Management ServicesThe management services manage the BusinessObjects Enterprise system. These services maintain all security information, send requests to the appropriate services, manage auditing information, and store report instances.The management services are: Central Management Server (CMS)The CMS is responsible for authenticating users and groups, and keeping track of the availability of the other BusinessObjects Enterprise services. It also maintains the BusinessObjects Enterprise system database, which includes information about users, groups, security levels, BusinessObjects Enterprise content, and services. The CMS also maintains a separate audit database of information about user actions and manages the BusinessObjects Repository. Event ServerThe Event Server manages file-based events. It monitors the directory you specified when setting up a file-based event. When the appropriate file appears in the monitored directory, the Event Server triggers your filebased event. Destination Job Server A user can take an existing report instance and schedule the report under a specified format and destination. The Destination Job Server copies or creates a shortcut of the file and sends it to the selected destination. All servers communicate with the CMS whe they start up. The Audit Database is optional in a regular system deployment, it allows for extra auditing and tracking of some system information.管理服务器包含：1. CMS:CMS的职责包含审计用户和组，并持续跟踪其他服务的有效性，同时它将维护系统的数据库（包含用户，组，安全等级，BOE内容服务）CMS还维护一个独立的审核数据库（用户活动内容与BOE审核资料库管理） 注意：所有的服务启动后，都将与CMS通讯。审核数据库安装时为可选项，允许额外的审计和跟踪系统信息2. 事件服务事件服务器管理文件级的事件，它监控一个指令的目录（首先是要设置文件级的事件）当合适的文件出现在监控目录中，事件服务器触发基于文件的事件。3. 目标作业服务器服务用户可以将一个已存在的报表实例或计划报表放在指定的格式或目标下，目标服务器拷贝创建快捷方式并发送到指定的目标中。BusinessObjects Enterprise storage servicesThe storage services are responsible for storing objects and object instances.The storage services are: Input File Repository ServerThe Input File Repository Server manages all of the report and program objects that have been published to the system. It can store the following files: .RPT, .CAR, .EXE, .BAT, .JS, .XLS, .DOC, .PPT, .RTF, .TXT, .PDF,.WID. Note that .RPT files are stored as report definition files only; they do not contain any data. Output File Repository ServerThe Output File Repository Server manages all of the report instances generated by the Report Job Server and the program instances generated by the Program Job Server. It also manages instances generated by the Web Intelligence Report Server and the LOV Job Server. It can store the following files: .RPT, .CSV, .XLS, .DOC, .RTF, .TXT, .PDF, .WID. Note that .RPT and .WID files are stored as reports/documents with saved data.Crystal Reports Cache Server The Crystal Reports Cache Server handles viewing requests from the Web Application Server when the Crystal Reports viewer preference is set to ActiveX, Java or DHTML viewers. The Cache Server maintains a folder of cached report EPF files, determines if a request can be fulfilled with a cached report page or pass the request to the Crystal Reports Page Server when no cached report page exists. The benefit of caching is that BusinessObjects Enterprise doesnt have to generate .epf files each time a page is viewed. Therefore report pages that have been cached can be shared among users. Desktop Intelligence Cache Server The Desktop Intelligence Cache Server handles viewing requests for Desktop Intelligence documents and manages the viewable pages created by Desktop Intelligence Report Server. The diagrams on the following pages show the BusinessObjects Enterprise services that interact with the File Repository ServersBOE存储服务存储服务主要职责是存储对象和对象实例存储服务有：输入文件资料库服务器：主要管理发布到系统的所有报表和程序对象。可以存储：RPT,CAR,EXE. 需要注意的是RPT文件存储的仅仅是定义文件；而不包含任何数据。输出文件资料库服务器：主要管理Report JOB Server产生的所有报表实例和 Program JOB Server产生的程序实例。同时也管理WEBI REPORT SERVER 和LOV JOB server产生的实例。存储的文件有：RPT,CSV,DOCX.需要注意的是RPT和WID存储的是带有数据的报表/文档。CRCS(水晶报表缓存服务器）：CRCS主要处理当水晶报表首选项设置为ActiveX OR DHTML查看器模式时从WAS发出的请求。注意：CRCS不处理交互式DHTML查看器发出的请求，它们的请求由RAS处理。缓存服务器维护一个缓存报表文件夹，EPF文件。检查一个请求是否使用CATCHED REPORT PAGE装满，或SHUD REPORT PAGE存在的时候，将请求传给CRPS(水晶报表页面服务器）使用缓存服务器的好处是每次页面查看的时候，不需要每次都要产生EPF文件。因此报表页面可以共享在多个用户之间。Desktop Interlligence Cache ServerDICS主要处理Desktop Intelligence文档的查看需求，管理由DIRS创建的可查看页面。处理服务器BusinessObjects Enterprise processing servicesThe processing services access the data and generate reports. This is the only tier that interacts directly with the databases that contain report data.Which services become involved in processing an object is determined by whether the object is being scheduled or viewed on demand. Viewer choice also plays a role in determining which servers are involved in object processing.For scheduling requestsThe schedule processing services are: Program Job ServerThe Program Job Server processes program objects, as requested by the CMS, and generates program instances. Report Job ServerThe Report Job Server processes report objects, as requested by the CMS, and generates report instances.Both the Program Job Server and the Report Job Server retrieve the file to be run from the Input File Repository Server. Run the report or program, and then save the processed file to the Output File Repository Server as an instance.Destination Job Server If you configure a job server to process report objects, or send objects to instances to specified destinations, it becomes a Destination Job Server. A Destination Job Server processes requests that it receives from the CMS and sends the requested objects or instances to the specified destinati