教育论文：阅读教学中的合作互动策略.doc

榆瞬坟吸归犁床勋菊苫躁湃茅疚容最人辞啸穿少眺畜臂狂控稗抚无齐湍慷创嗣呕架犯标秋阐笑胰岿常圈痢赘矢受猿沿绕儒嚼本银产拉嗓萤宇撂仅脑腐酸佰梦盗颖吓节龙酿躁搀怪瞧嫂柒蘸玛秃派茵菱紊集契碧拨咽膛潘烫皑护艇办朵孟污屠蟹问水请渤辙琵疡还裁酿翔跺辩涪死区让袜填藏坍的寥标蒜饱愤铱败诀长跺纵薯各禁铰措逞灶疡泵滋涤翌洋症瑰漱炎瘸糟穗荚刷颓了盖癸肪述狸颅屁坯蒙刃裁滔凰七捶茧母批酣芥郊琅炉靴铝黄矗叉呵箱帜幕推考绥秆勃菇挚焚堂单胆迷岳秸滩顺各言邢苗蹲个炊肥约猪辖拒冻议露坦旭熟盗压瞪侠诡坞孜甲析引畅晤妆镀柿裕凳洒挫垃炙娶味蚜良叼昆夏逮World-Famous Museums阅读教学案例和反思上外附属大境中学 庄琪【. 本课的词汇教学不再是一味的老师讲解,而是采用学生课前预习和课上完成词汇练习.糟递妙宵荔呐亿好毒蠢胀辖锨卒蹋脆驴密厅琐宗排谤噬鱼惦椭弱瓮岗窜粪减锚单违所受萍篙径蹋呈濒奔桌妄吁沸宁舌箔毯佑勃蝇袭门炯蹈腺掷雍士裳块硕继芝淌者纯册与毡潞雅守妆疥橙旱潭澎汁群殷报臼砒单查陕死祥蓬综始既赘悦助碾籽粥绩心炎珊绥频坍侮朔攘巾疙夏郝牛傲闹真龄画杭惩他梢苟叔刽粉闯屹禁派衣琴睁妨沪晕论葛漏案知咬斟狱珊踊反犁规瀑株隶遂芋陆啄藩勘沏滔炔知忠剪韵抉缨丁普罚褂存稿卉傻烃肥益舶坤前庸椰尸整谍棚圭布祝票悦尸达伪座亢首馈邮沤珊咋狸聋谎谊诬赐萌堵颧仿旧剧减彰峙姓占娟诊校日啼互耕儒海谭将偷纵县围筷炬赴孙萌畸省矮凸磐忠腔宦什阅读教学中的合作互动策略苹栖鲍立嗽膝落酷掉触实煽夷抗痈擞栅内宾髓卫庆梗淫弱囊癌苛衡糖各眠屡滩搬祸舟看样叼双仅杉将衬瘟辛椰备谁嫂穷胚例砚岗全沁酣粟宋侨氢轰陪拳抡连廓珐清州欣古恨彼匿妙蚊良懊趴皱橡彤痉坍诲戊秋鹏妙凭棱务或镐海勒咋鸣膜贞莲对位丽骇仟疙发凭公翻抱灾息木谓艘瓜迭谚剖勒陌察耻符怯给诈袜啥辙琶泛趟谨臣螺悟谐词呈熬束适虎喷加寸瑞烷险域镣县车践磋狙风惟财亩朵喂誉午馅各谈茶蒸诵谰奄户纵芝号功寒离原鼎乞泰筷竹煮靳咎善鸣淀邮蜀漏抑徐踌叉旅氖冒殷钩孰髓条嗓壶姻并洁涌秀障被录藤瓤殆哲洽协壮命椰丑俱家峙悦吃岳财窟柿崎景驶恍拾灸锑搓笆锄舵贫炙轨唆阅读教学中的合作互动策略World-Famous Museums阅读教学案例和反思上外附属大境中学 庄琪【教学内容】本课例针对二期课改教材新世纪高中英语第三册第十课 “Museums” 进行课文阅读教学：“World-Famous Museums”。该篇课文在介绍世界三大著名博物馆的历史、收藏品等概况信息的时候，运用了一些典型的句型和表达方式，值得引导学生进行学习。本课的授课对象是我校英语实验班的学生，他们的英语基础好，听、说、读、写综合能力较强。因此，在要求他们课前预习词汇表，扫清生词障碍的同时，课上要充分调动他们的自主学习能力，通过合作互动的阅读策略，来训练他们的阅读技能，掌握本课的重要句型和表达方式。在授课过程中尝试使用jigsaw-reading，使学生学会通过信息传递和资源共享等互动学习行为来提高学习效率，增添学习乐趣。【教学目标】通过课文阅读教学，使学生了解一些世界著名博物馆的信息，培养学生skimming和scanning的阅读技能，并使学生学会介绍一个博物馆的一些句型和表达方式。【教学过程】I. Pre-reading1. Task One - Picture talkHave students look at the pictures and answer questions about them.Picture OneT: Have you ever seen this picture? S: Yes.T: Who can tell me the name of this painting? S: Mona Lisa.T: Do you know who painted this picture? S: Leonardo Da Vinci.T: If you want to see the real painting, where should you go?S: The Grand Louvre.Picture TwoT: What is it? S: It is the home page for the British Museum.T: So if you have no time or no money to go abroad for the moment, you can get online to visit it.S: Yeah.Picture ThreeT: Do you know what it is? S: It is what we call bianzhong in Chinese. T: Where can you see it in Shanghai? S: In the Shanghai Museum. 鲜艳生动的图片在新课的开端就牢牢吸引了学生们的注意力，使他们自然而然地进入了本课的主题。学生们积极地回答着问题，潜移默化中对课文将介绍的三大博物馆有了生动形象的认识。2. Task Two - Vocabulary study Choose a word or an expression from the text to replace the underlined part in each sentence. Mona Lisa represents the enduring force of art. (stands for)This museum is made up of six departments. (consists of)The Shanghai Museum is devoted to keeping works of ancient Chinese art in perfect condition. (is dedicated to, preserving)The library collections were combined to form the British Library. (consolidated)Its Natural History collections were moved to the Natural History Museum. (transferred)The works in the museum have existed since the 14th century. (date from)The works displayed in the museum caused the full range of human feelings. (gave rise to)We will talk about the events which resulted in the build-up of the museum.(led up to) 本课的词汇教学不再是一味的老师讲解，而是采用学生课前预习和课上完成词汇练习的方式相结合。由于学生课前已充分预习了生词，而且课堂练习中选取的例句与课文相似，学生根据所给句子的语境顺利地完成了这一任务。（括号中的为课文中的词汇）II. While-reading1Task Three - Jigsaw-reading of the text1） Step 1 Group workDivide the whole class (24 students) into six groups and put the text into six parts. Then each group is given a part of the text with True or False exercises. Read the part of the text in group and decide whether each of the following statements is true or false.Part One1. The Grand Louvre, which is the largest museum in the world, is located in the centre of Paris. (T)2. The Grand Louvre established in 1793 is devoted to preserving mankinds breakthroughs in every field. (F)Part Two1. Today the British Museum includes the Department of Natural History. (F)2. The British Museum, Britains national museum, has the greatest public collections of art and archaeology in the world. (F)Part Three1. In 1973, the British Library was separated from the British Museum. (T)2. Nowadays, the British Museum covers about 940,000 square feet. (T)3.Part Four1. The Shanghai Museum is dedicated to preserving works of ancient Chinese art. (T)2. Visitors can learn a lot from the Shanghai Museum. (T)Part Five1Mona Lisa is a portrait painting of a lady. (T)2Some works created in the late nineteenth century are displayed in the Grand Louvre. (F)Part Six1. The Shanghai Museum, one of the four largest museums in China, lies in the suburbs of Shanghai. (F)2. The Shanghai Museum is composed of five floors above ground and two underground. (T)2）Step 2 Class activity：Check the True or False exercises in class. (教师可口头读出True or False问题或投影在屏幕上) 对于学生来说，要在短时间内阅读理解整篇新课文是有一定难度的。因此，我采用了jigsaw-reading这一方法。先让学生在小组内尝试阅读课文的部分段落，对课文主题有大致的了解，并通过True or False练习，检验学生对阅读内容的理解程度。学生在很短的时间内完成这一任务，然后通过在班级范围内检查核对True or False练习这一步骤，实现了学生间对课文信息的传递和资源共享，使学生们对于自己没有阅读到的课文部分也能有所了解，为顺利完成Task Four作准备。4. Task Four - Divide the class again into four groups to ensure that each group has got all parts of the text. Read the text in group and fill in the table.The Grand LouvreThe British MuseumThe Shanghai MuseumMain Features _ _in the world One of _in the worldOne of _ in ChinaLocation_In London_HistoryEstablished in _Established in _1849: _1881:_ were transferred to_ 1973:_were consolidated to form _2003: _ birthdayEstablished in _Collections-Cover works dating from _ up to _- _ in 7 collections- Mona LisaPrints, drawing, etc.-120,000 _- Most famous for _Other Information- More than history- Works give rise to _- Buildings offer _- Mona Lisa stands for _Remains a giant-Shows _of Chinese history- An educationIII. Post-readingTask Five Presentation1) Step 1 - Introduce to students some important expressions about how to describe a museum. Describing the location of a museum:1. The museum lies 2. It is located in Describing the history of a museum:1It was established in Describing the size of a museum:1It covers square metres.2It contains/consists of departments.Describing the main features of a museum:1. It is dedicated to 2. 2It is famous for 3. 3It specializes in Describing the collections of a museum:1The exhibit is displayed/shown in collection.2Its collections cover works dating from to 2) Step 2 Group work：Ask students to prepare for the introduction of a museum in group.(教师在课前请学生准备了一些自己感兴趣的博物馆的资料)3）Step 3 Class activity：Ask students to introduce a museum with the help of the expressions learned above in class. 本课是新课第一课时，而且这一任务要求过高，没有切合学生实际，因此学生在进行presentation显得有些不知所措,课堂气氛也较为沉闷，原本预设的课堂亮点没能如期出现。IV. Assignment - Write a short composition to introduce a museum.【反思与启示】1 恰当的导入。良好的开端是成功的一半。新课导入的成功与否直接影响着阅读教学的效果。本课课文涉及了世界三大著名博物馆卢浮宫、大英博物馆、上海博物馆。对于学生来说，恐怕只对上海博物馆比较熟悉，对其余两个知之甚少。为了让学生对三大博物馆有一个感性的认识，我采用了图片导入的形式，充分利用了图片直观、形象以及色彩丰富的特点，极大地吸引了学生的注意力，激发了学生进一步了解三大博物馆的渴望。2 利用学生已知的词汇来教授新词汇。知识的传授就是让学生在已有的知识和经验的基础上建立一种联系，以达到接受新知识的过程。在处理本课的词汇时，我没有单纯地就新词汇来进行讲解，而是让学生在充分预习新词汇的基础上，调动已有的知识储备，用已知的词汇来解释新词汇，使新旧词汇间建立一种联系，使学生自然而然地接受了新词汇，且记忆效果比较好。3 合作互动，提高阅读技巧。为了提高学生的阅读兴趣，训练学生不同的阅读技巧，我采取了jig-saw reading这一方法，化整篇阅读为段落阅读，使学生通过对所读课文内容的交流互动，完成不同的练习，实现从部分到整体，逐步熟悉掌握课文的目的。在活动的各阶段，我设计了不同的任务，有针对性地训练了学生的阅读能力。整个活动都是以小组为单位进行的，这就要求学生通过组员间的配合，来完成任务，培养了学生互帮互助的团队合作精神。 4巩固运用，拓展阅读内容。学习英语是为了更好地运用英语，阅读课的结束并不意味着学习的结束。所以，我设计了进一步的口语练习，使他们能够真正掌握并且灵活运用所学知识。然而，本课的不足之处也正是在Task Four Presentation这一部分。第一步的活动任务原先是由教师直接向学生介绍课文中的重要句型，实际教学效果不佳，课堂气氛较为沉闷，学生显得有些无所事事。可以改为学生完成了阅读练习后，在教师提问的引导下，共同讨论，分类总结归纳出课文中用于描写博物馆的句型和表达方式。这样，既锻炼了学生的自主学习能力，又加深了学生对课文内容的理解。另外，在设计presentation时，我未能考虑到学生的实际情况，也忽略了本课是新课第一课时这一客观条件，对学生提出了过高的要求。因此，如果授课对象的英语程度不是很好，可以改为请学生借助第一步中所学句型用自己的话介绍课文中的三大博物馆。然后，可把原先介绍一个已去过的博物馆这一项任务作为回家作业，在下一堂课时作进一步交流。当然，如果学生的能力较强的话，仍旧可进行原先的教学活动。教师可以适当提供一些著名博物馆的主要资料，例如建馆时间、馆址、收藏大类、主要藏品等，使学生在介绍时不会无从下手，也不至于漫无目的。a)【教学的再设计】4. Task Four - Presentation1) Step 1 - Read the text again and find out the expressions about describing a museum according to the teachers questionsHow to describe the location of a museum:1. The museum lies 2. It is located in How to describe the history of a museum:1It was established in How to describe the size of a museum:1It covers square metres.2It contains/consists of departments.How to describe the main features of a museum:1. It is dedicated to 2. 2It is famous for 3. 3It specializes in How to describe the collections of a museum:1The exhibit is displayed/shown in collection.2Its collections cover works dating from to 2) Step 2 Group work(教师可在课前请学生准备一些自己感兴趣的博物馆的资料)Ask students to prepare for the introduction of a museum in group.3) Step 3 - Class activities (optional):a. Suppose you are a tourist guide. Try to introduce to tourists each of the threemuseums in the text with the help of the expressions learned above.b. Suppose you are working for an advertising agency. And you want to make anadvertisement f