（通用版）2019中考英语二轮复习语态讲义.docx

语态学员姓名： 年级：九年级 辅导科目：英 语 学科教师： 授课日期授课时段08：00-10:00授课主题被动语态教学内容课前回顾1. 单词默写2. 作业讲解知识梳理知识点1：被动语态一、基本概念语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态。二、基本分类（使用被动语态的情况）不知道：Some new computers were stolen last night. （动作执行者不明）没必要：Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. （没必要指出动作执行者） 需强调：Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.（强调动作承受者）三、用法详解 I.正确的被动结构：只含有be动词的时态结构（非实义动词）+done（被动标志）。时态主动语态被动语态例句主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/ doesam/is/are doneWe clean the classroom.The classroom is cleaned by us.一般过去时didwas/were doneHe made the kite.The kite was made by him.一般将来时will/shall/be going to dowill/shall/be going to be doneThey will plat trees tomorrow.Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.现在完成时have/has donehave/has been doneJim has finished the work.The work has been finished by Jim.情态动词can/may/must docan/may/must be doneIcan find him.He can be found by me. 被动语态在各时态下谓语动词的变化详解1.一般现在时，一般过去时的被动语态一般现在时： amisare done一般过去时： waswere done【例句展示】1. Bruce writes a letter every week. A letter is written by Bruce every week. 2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning. The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning. 【趁热打铁】1. Many trees and flowers in our school last year, and they made our school a beautiful garden. A. plant B. planted C. have planted D. were planted2. The Olympic Games every four years. A. are held B. were held C. are holding D. will hold3 The watch has often _ down. A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell4 Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather. A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. Hung1. 现在完成时，过去完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态：have has been done现在完成时： have/ has + 动词的过去分词 + 被动语态： be + done现在完成时的被动语态： have/ has + been + done【例句展示】1. He has written two novels so far. Two novels have been written by him so far. 2. John had finished his homework today.【趁热打铁】These papers_ yet.A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been writtenIve told the old man his money _ by the policemen.A. has been found B. have been found C. have found out D. has foundThe police _ lots of help by the people in the city.A. has been given B. has given C. have been given D. have given2. 一般将来时，过去将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态：shall will be done一般将来时： will + 动词原形+ 被动语态： be + done 一般将来时的被动语态： will + be + done【例句展示】They will plant ten trees tomorrow. Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.【趁热打铁】1. A talk on developments in science and technology in the school hall next week. A. given B. will be given C. has been given D. gives2. Computer _ in everyday life in this country before long（很快）.A. is used B. will use C. will be used D. was used3. _ these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do4. The old bridge in my hometown_ next month. A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt3. 含情态动词的被动语态含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词be done情态动词 + 动词原形 + be + done 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be + done【例句展示】You must lock the door when you leave. the door must be locked when you leave.【趁热打铁】2. I dont think sixteen-year-olds should to go to bars(酒吧). A. allow B. be allowing C. be allowed D. not allow3. The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended4. Dont you know sweaters cant _ that way?A. be washed B. being washed C. being washing D. wash5. I think the sick boy must _ to the hospital as soon as possible.A. be taken B. been taken C. being taken D. TakeII.解题步骤1）第一步： 判断正确的被动结构：be + done 2）第二步： 根据时间状语判断时态，选出正确答案。典型例题:33. Today, computers are really helpful. They _ everywhere.A. useB. are used C. used D. were used34. Many accidents _ by careless drivers last years. A. are caused B. were caused C. have caused D. will cause34. The road _ last year. A. buildsB. built C. was built D. is builtBBCIII. 五项注意1）不及物动词无被动语态：无宾语何来被动 appear, die(死亡),disappear（消失）, happen，break out, come true, take place. What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.2）变被动还原to：四看三使两听一感觉 A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by. My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work. The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.3）双宾变被动：直宾（物）作主语需加介词He gave me a book. A book was given to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. A new bike was bought for me by my father.4）短语是整体：勿忘介词或副词We cant laugh at him. He cant be laughed at by us. He listens to the radio every day. The radio is listened to by him every day.随堂练习：1.A lot of students in this university abroad as exchange students every year.A. are sent B. were sent C. will send D. send 2.The Trojan War _ by Helen and her beauty. A）causes B）is caused C）caused D）was caused 3.Before the bridge _, the local people had to reach the other side by ferry.A) is built B) will be built C) was built D) has been built 4.We will shorten the communicating time after the new bridge_.A)will complete B) completes C) will be completed D)is completed 5.Our next school sports meeting _ in two months time.A) will hold B) has held C) is held D) will be held 6.Nowadays Chinese _ in quite a few countries such as Singapore, South Korea, Japan, etc.A. speak B. speaks C. speaking D. is spoken 7.The old man was upset because his favourite vase_ by his grandson. A) breaks B) is broken C)broke D)was broken8.Here is the package yon ordered. It this morning. A) deliver B) is delivered C)delivered D) was delivered9.After Donghai Bridge_, it became a new tourist attraction.A. completedB. complete C. is completed D. was completed10.After the serious illness Ebola happens, more doctors to help save the patients in Africa.A. needed B. are needed C. need D. are needing11.A new school _ in our town next year. A) will build B) will be built C) is going to build D) is built 12.A Disneyland Park _ in Shanghai Pudong New Area in the near future. A.has built B.will be built C.will build D.is built13.Something necessary to prevent the serious air pollution.A. must do B. must be done C. may do D. may be done14.I_a chance to decide whether I should attend the lecture or not.A) gave B) was giving C) was given D) had given15.After Pudong Disneyland _ in 2016, it will become a new tourist destination in Shanghai. A) is completed B) complete C) completed D) was completed16.Nowadays many new taxi apps (打车软件) _ to help people travel around more easily. A) are used B) use C) used D) is used17.The 87th Annual Academy Awards (奥斯卡金像奖) ceremony _ in Los Angeles, USA, on February 22, 2015.A) held B) was held C) was holding D) had been held18.Many trees_ down every year, so we are losing our warm home, the Earth. A) are cut B) are cutting C) cut D) have cut 19.Half of the Beijings private cars _off the roads due to heavy smog on Friday.A order B are ordered C ordered D were ordered20.The Shanghai Disneyland Plan_by the city government. It will be the first Disneyland Amusement Park in mainland China. A) passed B) has passed C) has been passed D) were passed21.The girls _ how to dance a month ago and now they can dance well.A. were taught B. will be taught C. are taught D. have been taught22.Black tea _ in China during the Ming Dynasty is a way to keep tea fresh.A) invented B) was invented C)is invented D)is inventing23.This car is environment-friendly because its engine _ by electricity.A) is driven B) are driven C) drive D) drives24.Tom and his sister _ to the barbecue last Saturday. They were very happy.A) have invited B) were invited C) were inviting D) invited25.The boy _down by a truck when he was running across the road.A) is knocked B)was knocked C)will be knocked D)has been knockedADCDD DDDDB DBBCA DABAB CCABB1. You must not waste water. (改为被动语态) Water must not_.2. Our government will send some volunteers to Africa to help the people there. (改成被动语态) Some volunteers will _ _ to Africa to help the people there.3. The students on duty will clean the lab after the experiment. (改为被动语态) The lab will _ _ by the students on duty after the experiment.4. Jimmy has lent the novels that he bought to his friend. (改为被动语态) The novels that Jimmy bought _ _ lent to his friend. 5. My friend Jones wrote some articles about memory last month. (改为被动语态) Some articles aboutmemory_ _by my friend Jones last month.6.A Dutch artist Florentijin Hofman designed the famous big yellow rubber duck.(改为被动语态) The famous big yellow rubber duck_ _ by a Dutch artist Florentijin Hofman.7.Each year, people add new records to the Guinness Book of Records.（改为被动语态）Each year, new records _ _ to the Guinness Book of Records.8.Students read some information about memory in the library yesterday.(改为被动语态) Some information about memory _ _ in the library yesterday by students.9.We dont allow people to smoke anywhere in the building, (改为被动语态) People to smoke anywhere in the building.10.We usually call maths the language of science. (改为被动语态)Maths _ usually _ the language of science.11. Factories threw rubbish into rivers a few years ago. (改为被动语态) Rubbish _ _ into rivers by factories a few years ago.12. People in our village threw away a great number of plastic bags last year. (被动语态) A great number of plastic bags away in our village last year.13.Did they find the pet cat after a days search?(改为被动语态)_ the pet _ after a days search?14. Our teacher warned us not to touch the chemicals in the lab.(改为被动语态)We_ _ not to touch the chemicals in the lab.15.Many parents in China dont allow the kids to have their own bank cards.(改为被动语态) The kids in China to have their own bank cards.16. They will produce more cartoon films in the next five years.(改为被动语态) More cartoon films will _ _ in the next five years.17. The government has built many parking places for car owners this year. (改为被动语态) Many parking places for car owners _ built by the government this year.18. The newspapers will publish the results of the survey. (改为被动语态) The results of the survey will_ _in the newspapers. 19.Teachers have given given girls the same opportunities as boys in our school.( 改为被动语态) Girls have _ _ the same opportunities as boys in our school. 20. The captain will choose ten boys to work as volunteers. (改被动)Ten boys will_ _to work as volunteers .1.be wasted 2.be sent 3. be cleaned 4.has been 5.were written 6.was designed 7. are added8.was read 9. arent allowed 10. is called 11. was threw 12. were thrown 13.was, found; 14.were warned 15.arent allowed; 16.be produced; 17.have been; 18.be chosen 19.been given;20.be punished ; 知识点2 阅读专项归纳总结1. 总结三个时态重难点与常考点：课后作业1. 整理 错题2. 回家作业1. Last night at the party, we finally _ Marys uncle Charles. A) meets B) meet C) met D) will meet2. By the end of last year, Jenny _ New Concept English for three years. A) learned B) has learned C) had learned D) will learn3. - Have you watched the film the Tiny Times? - Yes. I _ it with my cousin last night. A) watch B) have watched C) watched D) had watched4. CoCo Cola Company promised that they _ the workers a chance for a three-minute free phone. A) offer B) would offer C) will offer D) have offered5. Cissy _ a magazine carefully in her bedroom when her mother came in quietly. A) read B) is reading C) has read D) was reading6. Soon you _ a senior high school student. Its exciting, isnt it? A) become B) will become C) became D) have become7. After Pudong Disneyland _ in 2016, it will become a new tourist destination in Shanghai. A) is completed B) complete C) completed D) was completed8. Keep quiet, please. Someone _ to a concert inside now. A) is listening B) has listened C) was listening D) listened9. My sister _ to a birthday party in a new dress last night. A) goes B) went C) will go D) had gone10. Charles said that he _ tennis with John this Friday afternoon. A) plays B) is playing C) will play D) would play11. The writer told the children that she _ quite a few detective stories in the last few years. A) wrote B) has written C) was written D) had written12. - Is that your physics teacher? - That cant be Mr. Lin. He _ to Hangzhou with his wife. A) has been B) had gone C) went D) has gone13. - What did our class teacher say a moment ago? - Sorry, I didnt catch it. I _ something else. A) has thought of B) was thinking about C) would think about D) thought of14. My uncle _ as a manager since he came back from the USA five years ago. A) worked B) has worked C) works D) had worked15. When I got to the booking office, they _ all the tickets. A) were selling B) had sold C) would sell D) have sold16. My uncle _ many comic strips before he worked as a manager in 2010. A) creates B) was creating C) would create D) had created答案：CCCBD BDABD DDBBB D被动语态1. The heavy storm damaged the road and the bridge last night. (改为被动语态) The road and the bridge _ _ by the heavy storm last night.2. People use the hot word Duang to describe sounds and express feelings. (改成被动语态) The hot word Duang _ _ to describe sounds and express feelings.3. The girl has picked lots of mushrooms since she came to the camp. (改为被动语态) Lots of mushrooms _ _ picked by the girl since she came to the camp.4. People will build a lot of new houses in the south of America. (改为被动语句) A lot of new houses will _ _ in the south of America.5. The government spent huge amounts of money on the protection of the ancient buildings. (改为被动语态) Huge amounts of money _ _ on the protection of the ancient buildings.6. Our school publishes the newspaper Sunflower monthly. (改为被动语态) The newspaper Sunflower _ _ by our school monthly.7. We always hand in our test papers as soon as the bell rings. (改为被动语态) Our test papers _ always _ in as soon as the bell rings.8.The professor mentioned a useful tool to help us think.(改为被动语态) A useful tool _ _ by the professor to help us think.9. We will build a large swimming pool in our neighborhood next year. (改为被动语态) A large swimming pool will _ _ in our neighborhood next year.10. The computer system will keep your tickets for three days. (改为被动语态) Your tickets will _ _ by the computer system for three days.11. The old man has planted many trees since he came to live here. (改为被动语态) Many trees _ _ planted by the old man since he came to live here.12. The cute Baymax (大白) from Big Hero 6 attracted people of different ages to this cartoon film. (改为被动语态)People of different ages _ _ by the cute Baymax from Big Hero 6 to this cartoon film. were damaged is used have been be built were spent is published was mentioned be built be kept have been were attracted II 阅读嘉定区、宝山区B.Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)（12分） Perhaps the only test score that I remember is the 55 I got when I was in high school.The test was the final for a course. I remember waiting anxiously as my teacher Mr. Right handed out our papers one after another. It was a rather 75 test. I heard my classmates groaning (叹息), and I could tell by the groans that the scores werent looking good. Mr. Right put my paper on my desk. There in big red numbers, circled to draw attention, was my score, 55! I lowered my head, and covered the score up quickly. A 55 is not some