Unit1topic1知识点总结.doc

Unit 1 The Changing WorldTopic 1 My hometown has become more and more beautiful Section A 词汇：By the way 顺便问/说一下Eg By the way,I have good news to tell you.顺便说一下，我又好消息要告诉你。链接on ones way(to)在.途中 如遇到（there here home ）这类词的话 to 要省略。 The way to .去.的路 Way of doing sth.=way to do sth.做某事的方法（方式）。 In a way 从某种程度上，从某一点上，在某种程度上 Eg In a way, I agree with you.在某种程度上，我同意你的观点。重点句型及交际用语：There goes the bell.铃响了。=The bell is ringing . 这是倒装句。通常情况下，在以here now there then 等副词开头的句子里，当谓语动词是be come go follow 等词，主语又是名词时，需要把谓语动词置于主语之前，构成完全倒装。Eg Here comes the bus!公共汽车来了！ Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。注意若主语是代词则不用完全倒装。Eg Here he comes.他来了。I havent seen him for a long time.我很长时间没见到他了。for 后面加一段时间，通常用于完成时，与持续性的动作或状态连用。Eg She has stayed in Beijing for three days.她已在北京待了三天了。have gone to和have been to 、have been in 的区别和用法have gone to意为“到某地去”，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一人称、第二人称代词作句子的主语。如：Where is Jim？吉姆在哪里？He has gone to England他去英国了。（尚未回来）Mr Wang isnt hereHe has gone to Qingdao王先生不在这里。他去青岛了have been to意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，后可接次数，如once，twice，three times等，表示“去过某地几次”，也可和 just，never，ever等连用。如：My father has been to Beijing twice我父亲去过北京两次。I have never been to the GREat Wall我从未去过长城。have been in表示“在某地呆了多少时间”，常与时间段状语连用。如：I have been in Shanghai for three years我到上海已有三年了。He has been in London for half a month他来伦敦已有半个月了。如果地点是副词 home/abroad/here/there 等，则不带to ,在英语中，副词前不能加介词。Eg Tom has gone home.汤姆回家了。 home为副词。 Section BHave a hard life 过着艰难的生活，也可以用 live a hard life 链接live /have a happy life 过着幸福的生活 live/have a normal life 过着正常的生活describe 描述 名词形式是 description.拓展describe sb./sth.for /to sb.向某人描述某人/某事。Eg Can you describe your new friend for/to me?你能给我描述一下你的新朋友吗？In detail 意为“详细地”，相当于一个副词。afford 常用在can,could,be able to 之后，意为“担负得起(.的费用，损失，后果等)：抽得出时间。afford 还有“提供 给予 出产”的意思。Eg At last,we could afford a house.最后，我们终于买得起房子了。（担负得起）Reading affords pleasure.读书给人带来欢乐。（给予）education n. 意为“教育”，受过教育用动词have/get.Eg He had a good college education.他受过良好的大学教育。拓展educate v. educated adj. educator n. (教育工作者)In order to .意为“为了.”,后面加动词原形。Eg 课例拓展 in order +that从句 Eg We must work hard in order that we finish the work on time.=In order to finish the work on time, we must work hard. 为了准时完成这项工作，我们必须努力工作。In order to help support their families,they had to be child laborers.为了帮助维持家庭，他们不得不做童工。The government gives support to poor families.政府为贫困家庭提供帮助。Support 在第一句中是动词，而在第二句中却是名词。give support to. 为.提供帮助eg He has a large family to support.他要养活一大家人。（动词） He needs our support.他需要我们的帮助。（名词）Luckily,with the development of China ,many things可喜的是，伴随着中国的发展，许多事With 引导的介词短语结构在句中作伴随状语。Eg With his help,I finish my work.在他的帮助下，我完成了任务。Development n. 发展 拓展 developing countries 发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家 Though I had no time to travel,I still felt very happy.虽然我没有时间去旅游，但我还是感到很高兴。重点：受中文影响，我们在这类句型的时候经常在后半句前加but，但是在英语中这是错误的，though/although不能与but连用。但though/although 可以和get或者still连用，以加强转折语气。Eg Though he was so tired,he still kept working yesterday evening.昨晚他很累，但还坚持工作。在英语中还有类似的用法，例如 because 和 so 的用法就与其相同。Eg Because he was ill,he didnt go to school.因为他生病了，所以没法去上学。 =He was ill,so he didnt go to school.Is that so?真是那样吗？这个句子是对上文所说的话表示惊讶，相当于really?Eg Tom lost the game.汤姆输了比赛 Is that so? / really? 是真的吗？ Section C more than 意为“超过，多于”，相当于over。for 后加一段时间，常和完成时连用。see sb.doing sth .oneself.意为“亲眼看见某人做某事，相当于seein person或者seewith ones own eyes.see sb. doing sth 是指”看见某人正在做某事”，不是全过程，表正在进行 see sb. do sth 是指”看见某人做过某事”是看着事情的发生全过程， 是看见某人做某事例句I saw her clean the classroom. 是说我看到她打扫教室了。（强调做过这件事） 而在我们的文中用的是：“see sb doing sth ” 表示看到某人正在做某事强调“看见某人正在做某事” 如：I saw her cleaning the classroom. 我看到她正在扫打教室（强调正在做某事） Learn.from从什么中学习Keep/beintouchwith与.保持联系eg.Ihavekeptintouchwithallmyoldfriends.我和我所有的老朋友都保持着联系。知识拓展：Getintouchwith.与.取得联系IamtryingtogetintouchwithJane.我正试着和简取得联系。Losetouchwith.与.失去联系Ihavelosttouchwithmycousin.我已和表妹失去了联系。 Far away 离.很远 （不跟距离连用，只是形容很远，far不能和数字连用的）eg. My home is far away from the school.我的家离学校很远。Sorts of 多种 a sort of 一种eg.There are all sorts of flowers in this garden.这个花园里有各种各样的花。 A kind of 一种 kinds of 多种Sort 作为动词 把.分类，整理，挑选They sorted the apples according to the size.他们按大小分类整理了那些苹果。Makeprogress取得进步eg.Tomismakingmuchprogressatschool.汤姆在学校进步很大。知识拓展：Makeprogresswith.在.方面取得进步Succeedin(doing)sth.成功地做某事，相当于besuccessfulin(doing)sth.eg.WesucceededinarrivinginBeijingatlast.=WeweresuccessfulinarrivinginBeijingatlast.最后我们成功地到达了北京。Ifyouwanttosucceedinbusiness,beambitious.如果你想在商业上成功，就要胸怀大志。连接：succeed的名词是success,形容词是successful.China has developed rapidly since the reform and opening-up.自从改革开放以来中国发展迅速。Since 后接过去的时间点，谓语动词通常用于完成时。Eg I have taught English since nine years ago.自从9年前，我就一直教英语了。Not only.but also.是“不仅而且.”的意思，连接两个并列成分。Eg Not only my parents but also I am a teacher.我的父母和我都是教师。Not only.but also. 接主语时，谓语动词采用就近一致原则，和but also 之后的主语保持一致。Eg Not only the boys but also Maria has been to the Great wall.这些男孩和玛利亚都去过长城。它有时可以和“bothand .和.两者都”互换。当bothand.连接主语时，其后谓语动词要用复数形式。Eg Not only Jane but also I am interested in music.=Both Jane and I are interested in music.简和我都对音乐感兴趣。 Section DPlant crops with the help of farm animals.在农畜的帮助下种庄稼With the help of 在.的帮助下链接with the help of sb.在某人的帮助下，等于with ones help.Eg With the help of the teacher (=With the teacher s help),she passed the exam.在老师的帮助下，她通过了考试。consider v. 考虑，细想，认为eg First,consider it carefully.首先，仔细地考虑。Please consider my suggestion.请考虑我的意见。拓展consider+v.-ing Im considering changing my job.我正考虑换个工作。 consider .(as) 把.看作We consider him（as）our friend.我们把他当做朋友。 Consider+what to do Please consider what todo .请考虑一下怎么办。Consider+从句Im considering whether he will come.我正考虑他是否会来。Draw up 起草，拟订课例：Next,draw up an outline.下一步，起草一个提纲。eg.First,we should draw up a list of names.首先，我们应该拟订名单。Check over 检查Thanks to 幸亏，多亏，由于 后跟名词、代词、动名词等名词短语。eg. Thanks to your help,I could f